[Backport stable/8.4] fix: db transaction inconsistencies when deleting keys

[backport-action]

Description

Backport of #1139 to stable/8.4.

relates to camunda/zeebe-process-test#1001 #1001

[github-actions[bot]]

Test Results

 50 files  ±0   50 suites  ±0   1m 52s :stopwatch: +6s 137 tests +2  137 :white_check_mark: +2  0 :zzz: ±0  0 :x: ±0  435 runs  +6  435 :white_check_mark: +6  0 :zzz: ±0  0 :x: ±0 

Results for commit 6f27beda. ± Comparison against base commit a3a4b783.

[zeebe-bors-camunda[bot]]

Build succeeded:

• Test summary