[ADP-3272] Add the `TxWithUTxO` data type.

[jonathanknowles]

Summary

This PR:

• adds the TxWithUTxO data type, along with smart constructors, generators, and shrinkers.
• uses the TxWithUTxO data type to simplify the Arbitrary instance for PartialTx.

Details

An object of type TxWithUTxO combines a transaction t with an associated UTxO set u, such that:

• every input in transaction t is guaranteed to resolve to a UTxO within UTxO set u.
• UTXO set u may also contain additional UTxOs that are not referenced by t.

In order to uphold the above guarantee:

• the TxWithUTxO data type is defined within its own module;
• the TxWithUTxO data constructor is not exported;
• a pattern synonym TxWithUTxO is provided to facilitate safe pattern matching.

Motivation

This data type will be used for testing balanceTx in situations where we want to guarantee that balanceTx will not fail with ErrBalanceTxUnresolvedInputs.

Issue

ADP-3272

[jonathanknowles]

Merging manually.

• This PR only affects the unit test suite for cardano-balance-tx.
• The unit test suite for cardano-balance-tx has been observed to pass both locally and in CI (here).
• The branch for this PR is rebased on the tip of master.
• There are no other PRs in the merge queue.