Open carloscn opened 6 months ago
英语中的被动语态是一种语法结构,用于当句子的焦点在动作的接受者上,而不是动作的执行者上。被动语态通常构成为“be动词 + 过去分词”,而执行者(如果提到的话)则由“by”引入。被动语态在各种文本中广泛使用,特别是在科学写作和正式报告中,当动作的接受者比执行者更重要或者执行者未知或不重要时。
被动语态的基本结构可以概括为:
am/is/are + 过去分词
(现在时)was/were + 过去分词
(过去时)will be + 过去分词
(将来时)had been + 过去分词
(过去完成时)am/is/are + being + 过去分词
was/were + being + 过去分词
在这个例子中,“The company”(公司)是动作的执行者,而“cars”(汽车)是动作的接受者。在被动语态句子中,焦点放在了“cars”上。
被动语态通常在以下情况使用:
将一个主动语态的句子转换为被动语态,需要遵循以下步骤:
理解和正确使用被动语态可以增强你的英语表达能力,特别是在需要写作或在特定情境下表达时。被动语态的时态,需要靠be这个词来展示,这个词没有谓语的作用,它的形式知识为了展示时态而已。最典型的是在主系表结构中,it is being repaired by ... is是系动词,后面的being仅仅是为了表示被动语态+时态的信息。
在英语中,双重所属格(double genitive)是一种特殊的表达方式,用来强调某物或某人属于另一个人。双重所属格结构通常使用“of + 名词(或代词)+ 's”这样的形式,这里的“of”和“'s”都是表示所有关系的。这种结构特别用于当所属的对象是一个人时,可以提供额外的清晰度或强调所属关系的强度。
a/an/the + 名词 + of + 名词所有格
或 a/an/the + 名词 + of + 代词所有格
。
Not For Jazz
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently, it was damaged[^1] by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it. She struck the keys[^2] too hard and two strings[^3] were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
[^1]: damage: vt. 破坏,损坏; n. 索赔 [^2]: 键盘,按键。 key有很多意思,还有关键的,the key to success is ... [^3]: strings 字符串,当然也有琴弦的意思