Add support for macOS Rapid Security Response updates

[nstrauss]

Description

Apple is adding a new update type to macOS called Rapid Security Responses. These updates change the build version, but not the OS version reported by sw_vers. Instead, a new ProductVersionExtra key is returned to denote a specific supplemental version only when a RSR is installed. If no RSR is installed the key is not present.

$ sw_vers
ProductName: macOS
ProductVersion: 13.3
ProductVersionExtra: (a)
BuildVersion: 22E7752300f

https://support.apple.com/guide/deployment/rapid-security-responses-dep93ff7ea78/web

This PR adds support for reporting on the RSR version when a patch is installed. The information is important to Mac admins since it gives a full picture of current OS build, whether a security vulnerability has been patched, and, depending on Apple's future plans, if there is functionality change which could impact Chef. I'll admit the spec test isn't totally useful, especially since most machines running tests likely won't have an RSR, but it does match real world scenarios.

Types of changes

• [ ] Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• [x] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• [ ] Chore (non-breaking change that does not add functionality or fix an issue)

Checklist:

• [x] I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• [x] I have run the pre-merge tests locally and they pass.
• [x] I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• [x] I have added tests to cover my changes.
• [x] All new and existing tests passed.
• [x] All commits have been signed-off for the Developer Certificate of Origin.

[nstrauss]

Please update the commit message to match the PR wording so we have local/repo access to this history and background.

@marcparadise I've amended the commit message to match the PR.

[sonarcloud[bot]]

Kudos, SonarCloud Quality Gate passed!   

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0.0% Duplication

[jaymzh]

Thanks!