Since ${ and '' have special meaning in indented strings, you need a way to quote them. ${ can be escaped by prefixing it with '' (that is, two single quotes), i.e., ''${. '' can be escaped by prefixing it with ', i.e., '''. Finally, linefeed, carriage-return and tab characters can be written as ''\n, ''\r, ''\t.
https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#idm140737318144528