[CIVIS-1767] MAINT support Python 3.10 and 3.11, drop 3.7

[jacksonlee-civis]

This PR turns on CircleCI builds for Python 3.10 and 3.11. We're also dropping Python 3.7.

• [x] (For Civis employees only) Reference to a relevant ticket in the pull request title
• [x] Changelog entry added to CHANGELOG.md at the repo's root level
• [x] Description of change in the pull request description
• [x] If applicable, unit tests have been added and/or updated
• [x] The CircleCI builds have all passed