Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a variable personality interpersonal interaction technology in which BCI can output instructions directly from the brain to external devices or machines without relying on the peripheral nerve and muscle systems. It also includes BCIs that bypass the peripheral nerve and muscle systems and directly input electrical, magnetic, acoustic, and light stimuli or neural feedback to the brain from external devices or machines.(脑机接口(BCI)是一种变个性的人际交互技术,其中既有不依赖外周神经和肌肉系统即可从大脑直接向外部设备或机器输出指令的BCI,也包括绕过外周神经和肌肉系统从外部设备或机器直接向大脑输入电、磁、声和光等刺激或神经反馈的BCI。)
DARPA projects in the brain and neuroscience field:(美国DARPA布局的脑与神经科学领域相关项目:)
Revolutionary prosthetic limbs: the creation of advanced anthropomorphic robotic arms and control systems to expand the choice of prosthetic limbs for wounded soldiers;(革命性假肢:创建先进的拟人化机械臂和控制系统,为受伤的战士扩大假肢的选择范围);
Systems-based emerging neurotechnology therapies: the creation of implantable closed-loop diagnostic and therapeutic systems for the treatment of neuropsychological disorders;(基于系统的神经技术新兴疗法:创建用于治疗神经心理疾病的植入式闭环诊断和治疗系统);
Recovery of active memory: RAM aims to develop a wireless, fully implantable closed-loop neural interface system for human clinical use that senses memory defects after injury and provides neural stimulation to restore patient memory;(恢复主动记忆:RAM旨在开发用于人类临床的无线、完全可植入的闭环神经接口系统,该接口能感知损伤后的记忆缺陷,并提供神经刺激来恢复患者记忆);
RAM Replay: RAM Replay aims to develop closed-loop, non-invasive neural interface systems that use "neural replay" to improve personal memory and skill learning capabilities;(RAM重播:RAM Replay旨在开发闭环、非侵入式神经接口系统,利用"神经重播"提升个人记忆情景和技能学习的能力);
Hand proprioception and tactile interface: develop flexible prosthetic limbs with sensory feedback to help person with an amputations obtain real tactile and motion, and make the prosthetic limb close to the natural arm and truly become a part of the human body;(手部本体感受和触觉感界面:开发出有感觉反馈的灵活假肢,帮助截肢者获得真实触觉和运动感,使假肢接近天然手臂,真正成为人体的一部分);
Neurological function, activity, structure and technology: visualization and decoding of brain activity through the integration of genetics, optical recording technology and brain-computer interface technology to further understand how brain processes work;(神经功能、活动、结构和技术:通过整合遗传学、光学记录技术和脑机接口技术,实现大脑活动的可视化和解码,以进一步了解大脑过程的工作原理);
Electronic prescription: combining neural circuit mapping and innovative bioelectric interface research and development, explore the application of neural stimulation to protect human health and accelerate rehabilitation;(电子处方:结合神经回路测绘与创新生物电接口研发,探索应用神经刺激保护人类健康和加速康复);
Neuroengineering system design: development of implantable neural interfaces that establish bidirectional communication systems at the level of more than one million neurons between the brain and the computer and provide unprecedented signal resolution and data transmission bandwidth;(神经工程系统设计:开发可植入神经接口,其可在大脑和计算机之间建立超过100万个神经元级别的双向通讯系统并提供空前的信号分辨率和数据传输带宽);
Directional neural plasticity training: develop nerve stimulation methods that activate "synaptic plasticity" and establish training programs that strengthen or weaken the connection between two neurons to accelerate the acquisition of cognitive skills and improve the effect of skill training;(定向神经可塑性训练:研发激活"突触可塑性"的神经刺激方法,建立加强或削弱两个神经元之间连接的训练方案,以加速认知技能的获得,提高技能训练效果);
Next-generation non-invasive neural technology: Develop a new generation of high-resolution non-invasive brain-computer interface, which can write and read information from multiple brain sites at a time, allowing military personnel to use brain waves to send and receive information, improving the high-level interaction between soldiers and weapons. Realize super-brain and brain-control capabilities such as super-recognition, rapid decision-making, and brain-controlled weapons and equipment of soldiers;(下一代非侵入式神经技术:开发新一代的高分辨率非侵入式脑机接口,可一次写入和读取多个脑位点的信息,能够让军人使用脑波发送和接收信息,提高士兵与武器装备的高水平交互能力,实现士兵的超级认值、快速决策和脑控武器装备等超脑和脑控能力);
Intelligent neural interface: Establish a conceptual prototype of third-generation artificial intelligence, expand the application scope of neural technology, develop stable and reliable neural interface maintenance and application methods, and maximize biological neural circuits and information capacity to improve the bandwidth and computing capacity of neural interfaces;(智能神经接口:建立第三代人工智能的概念原型,扩展神经技术的应用范围,开发稳定、可靠的神经接口维护和应用方法,最大化生物神经电路和信息容量,以提高神经接口的带宽和计算能力);
BG+: Development of new intelligent and adaptive neural interfaces to repair spinal cord injuries and restore their natural function;(BG+:开发新型智能和自适应神经接口,以修复脊髓损伤,恢复其自然功能);
China's "Brain Plan" was proposed in 2016 and officially launched in 2021, and "Brain Science and Brain-Like Research" became one of the earliest pilot projects of the "Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Project". The key projects such as "new non-invasive brain-computer interface technology" and flexible brain-computer interface" were proposed. The "14th Five-Year Plan" for the Development of Medical Equipment Industry clearly proposes to accelerate the development of new nursing and rehabilitation equipment based on robots, intelligent vision and voice interaction, brain-computer interface, human-computer interaction and intelligent control technology.(中国"脑计划"于2016年提出,正式启动于2021年,"脑科学与类脑研究"成为"科技创新2030重大项目"最早运行的试点项目之一,提出了"新型无创脑机接口技术"、柔性脑机接口"等相关重点项目。《"十四五"医疗装备产业发展规划》明确提出加快研发基于机器人、智能视觉与语音交互、脑机接口、人机交互与智能控制技术的新型护理康复装备。)
In the Science and Technology Innovation 2030 - Guidelines for Application of Major Projects of "Brain Science and Brain-like Research" in 2021, the relevant items of brain-computer interface are as follows:(《科技创新2030-"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目2021年度项目申报指南》中脑机接口有关项目如下:)
新型无创脑机接口技术;
柔性脑机接口;
基于新型纳米器件的神经形态芯片;
支持在线学习的类脑芯片架构;
基于神经可塑性的脉冲网络模型与算法;
面向类脑芯片的深度增强学习方法;
仿生智能无人系统;
高可信类脑听觉前端模型与系统研究;
面向癫痫诊疗的反应性神经调控脑机交互技术;
面向运动和意识障碍康复和双向-闭环脑机接口;
In the field of application, EEG technology and equipment are valued by game and military field because of its convenience of acquisition and processing and its portability, and have a huge market prospect. At present, the application of brain-computer interface in military field has accounted for 25% of the total application of brain-computer interface in the world. According to the public information, the United States, Europe and other countries and regions are making efforts to carry out research in this field. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARA) of the United States has been funding innovative scientific research and development in the field of BCI, including the "Silent Project" and "Avatar Project" research projects. The aim is to develop "robot warriors" that can implement battlefield brain mind communication and remote brain mind control. They also plan to launch next-generation non-surgical neurotechnology projects aimed at controlling neurons to enhance soldiers' cognitive and decision-making capabilities. United Kingdom researchers are also working on brain-computer interface devices for brain-controlled spacecraft. Through the BCI technology to realize the real-time control of the wartime command and control system, the realization of the powerful combat function of the mechanical exoskeleton "super warrior", soldiers through the mind directly control weapons, the realization of the post-war wounded soldiers' cognitive function recovery are the key research and application directions of BCI in the military field. China's National University of Defense Technology is also committed to the application research of brain-computer interface technology in the military field, and its basic research and innovation team of cognitive science has realized the control of robot actions and driving cars through "ideas". The equipment and technology for rehabilitation training of paralyzed patients using brain-computer interface technology developed by universities such as Tsinghua University and Zhejiang University have achieved initial results in clinical practice, which will provide new treatment methods for the treatment and rehabilitation of the wounded after the war. The competition of military forces in different countries will effectively promote the development and application of BCI technology. The deep integration of BCI and artificial intelligence technology and the realization of new hybrid intelligent system are the inevitable direction for the breakthrough of brain-computer interface performance. Facebook has been working on brain-computer interface technologies. Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, recently announced that Facebook will transform into a meta-universe company within five years, which will bring a wider range of applications for brain-computer interfaces: BCI technology realizes deep interaction with augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (CR) in the meta universe. Although some scenarios are still out of reach, the broad prospects on the application side will quickly drive scholars' research progress, and we will soon see breakthroughs in related technologies.(在应用领域上,EEG技术及设备因为便于采集处理和其便携性受到游戏和军事领域的重视,具备巨大的市场前景。目前,脑机接口在军事上的应用已占全球脑机接口总应用的25%。根据已经公开的资料显示,美、欧等国家和地区均在努力进行该领域的研究。美国国防部高级研究计划局(DARRA)一直资助BCI领域的创新科学研究和发展,提出了包括"无声计划"、"阿凡达计划"等研究项目,目的是研发可以实施战场脑意念通信和可以远程脑意念控制的"机器战士",他们还计划开展以控制神经元增强士兵认知和决策能力为目的的下一代无外科手术神经技术项目。英国研究人员也致力于脑控飞船的脑机接口装置研究。通过BCI技术实现对战时指挥控制系统的实时控制,实现具备强大作战功能的机械外骨骼"超级战士",士兵通过意念直接控制武器,实现战后受伤士兵的认知功能恢复等都是各国在军事领域BCI的重点研究应用方向。我国国防科技大学也致力于脑机接口技术在军事领域的应用研究,其认知科学基础研究与创新团队已实现通过"意念"控制机器人行动和驾驶汽车,清华大学、浙江大学等高校研究的利用脑机接口技术进行瘫痪患者康复训练的设备和技术在临床上已经初见成效,这将为战后伤员救治和康复提供新的治疗方式,各个国家军事力量的竞争将有效促进BCI技术的发展和应用。BCI与人工智能技术的深度融合,实现新的混合智能系统,是脑机接口性能寻求突破的必然方向。Facebook公司早已展开对脑机接口技术的研究,该公司创始人扎克伯格近期宣布将在五年内实现Facebook向元宇宙公司的转型,这将为脑机接口的应用带来更广阔的的领域:BCI技术在元宇宙中与增强现实(AR)、虚拟现实(CR)实现深度交互。尽管有些场景仍显得遥不可及,但在应用端的广阔前景将快速推动学者们的研究进度,我们将很快看到相关技术的突破性进展。)
Potential BCI Medical Applications:(BCI医学潜在应用:)
Monitoring and evaluation of brain status: prevention of brain diseases, visual/hearing disorders, tactile disorders, sleep disorders, consciousness disorders, cognitive load, fatigue state, emotional state, etc.(大脑状态监测与评估:脑疾病预防、视/听觉障碍、触觉障碍、睡眠障碍、意识障碍、认知负荷、疲劳状态、情绪状态等);
Supplement: Brain-controlled third hand (robot arm);(补充:脑控第三只手(机械臂))。
Potential Non-Medical Applications of BCI:(BCI非医学潜在应用:)
Military: brain control technology, brain control weapons, brain control exoskeleton, brain control UAV, BCI military communications, animal scouts, etc.(军事:控脑技术、脑控武器、脑控外骨骼、脑控无人机、BCI军事通信、动物侦察兵等);
Smart home: brain-controlled appliances, brain-controlled doors and windows, brain-controlled home service robots, etc.(智能家居:脑控家电、脑控门和窗户等的开关、脑控家用服务机器人等);
Entertainment: brain-controlled games, brain-brain/multi-brain direct collaborative games, etc.(娱乐:脑控游戏、脑-脑/多脑直接协同游戏等);
Education: personalized teaching environment for brain development based on BCI and brain science, real-time monitoring and evaluation of mental state in college, etc.(教育:基于BCI和脑科学的脑智发育个性化教学环境、实时监测和评估学院上课精神状态等);
Others: real-time monitoring and assessment of fatigue and psychological load (such as driving fatigue or other work fatigue), attention performance improvement (such as competitive sports), neuromarketing, neuromanagement, etc.(其他:实时监测和评估疲劳状态和心理负荷(如驾驶疲劳或其他作业疲劳等)、注意力表现提升(如竞技体育等)、神经营销、神经管理等)。
Due to technology, legal supervision and other reasons, brain-computer interface industrialization is not ideal. In order to promote the development of the brain-computer interface industry, relevant industry workers can make efforts in at least the following four aspects:(由于技术、法律监管等原因,脑机接口产业化并不理想。为了推进脑机接口产业的发展,相关行业工作者至少可以在以下4个方面做出努力:);
(1) improving the material properties of the implant, reducing or even avoiding the rejection reaction of the human body.(改进植入物的材料性质,降低甚至避免人体的排异反应);
(2) Enhance the technical capability of electroencephalogram signal data collection and analysis, and improve the spatial and temporal resolution of collected data.(增强脑电信号的数据收集和分析的技术能力,提高采集数据的空间分辨率和时间分辨率);
(3) Formulate brain-computer interface standard system, technical standards and evaluation standards as soon as possible, promote the coordinated development of various technical fields of brain-computer interface, and effectively supervise and evaluate relevant technologies.(尽早制定脑机接口标准体系、技术标准和评估标准,促进脑机接口各技术领域协同发展,同时对相关技术有效地监管评估);
(4) Increase innovation investment in core technologies such as chips to support more application scenarios in the future.(加大对芯片等核心技术的创新投入,以支撑后续更多应用场景);
Among implantable companies, Neuralink and Kernel focus on brain science applications and human intelligence, while BrainGate focuses on health care. Among companies using non-implantable technology, Brain Master mainly provides clinical and scientific grade high-precision EEG measurement devices, while NeuroSky and Emotiv favor consumer-grade brain-computer interface products. Mobile wearable brainwave devices and mood monitoring are developed mainly for meditation and gaming. NeuraMatrix, an incubator of Tsinghua University, adopts implanted technology and is positioned as a new generation of brain-computer interface platform development. Brain-strengthening technology - BrainCo is involved in education, medical and gaming; Brain Land Technology - BrainUp is mainly non-implantable technology route; Brain Tiger Technology-NeuroXess focuses on the development of minimally invasive implantable flexible brain-computer interface system.(在采用植入式技术的公司中,Neuralink和Kernel专注于脑科学应用和人类智能,BrainGate则专注于医疗健康;在采用非植入式技术的公司中,Brain Master主要提供临床级和科研级的高精度脑电测量设备,NeuroSky和Emotiv偏向于消费级脑机接口产品,主要针对冥想、游戏等需求开发移动可穿戴脑电波设备和情绪监测。清华大学孵化企业NeuraMatrix采用植入式技术,定位于新一代脑机接口平台开发;强脑科技-BrainCo涉足教育、医疗及游戏领域;脑陆科技-BrainUp以非植入式技术路线为主;脑虎科技-NeuroXess聚焦微创植入式柔性脑机接口系统研发。)
New entrants can make breakthroughs in key technology patents in the field of implantable brain-computer interface in the following directions: (1) implantable electrode material technology; (2) Used for electroencephalogram signal feature analysis and processing technology; (3) Feedback technology.(对于新进入者可以在植入式脑机接口领域围绕以下几个方向进行关键技术专利突破:(1)植入式电极材料技术;(2)用于脑电信号特征分析处理技术;(3)反馈技术。)
脑机接口应用用例名称:
基于被动脑机接口的适应性自动化;
基于脑机接口的智能病房系统;
意识障碍患者的临床诊断和预后;
微创植入式闭环脑机接口系统;
Percept PC神经刺激期(2020);
侵入式大脑光标控制系统;
用于临床癫痫发作的调控的多位点闭环神经调控;
基于增强现实的脑机接口(2021);
用于日常生活辅助的脑控抓取机器人(2019);
基于运动想象的康复训练用脑机接口(2019);
面向抑郁诊断与治疗的脑机接口;
M-score:基于脑机接口的运动功能评估;
脑机接口介导的神工机器人康复训练系统;
基于脑机接口系统的音乐治疗;
可穿戴的癫痫检测系统;
阅读能力评估仪;
航空航天脑机接口应用;
基于脑机接口的 T-Drone 操控;
基于脑机接口游戏的认知调控;
基于P300拼写器的脑控五子棋游戏;
Without substantial breakthroughs in BCI sensor technology for real-world applications in the next 5 to 10 years, it will be difficult for BCI to achieve large-scale medical and non-medical applications. BCI's R&D funding and support for industry transformation may be cut at the national level and by relevant institutions.(如果在未来 5~10 年内,没有实质性突破面向实际应用的 BCI 传感器技术瓶颈,那么BCI 将难以实现规模化的医学应用和非医学应用,如果是这样,国家层面以及相关机构可能会削减BCI研发资金以及降低对其产业转化的支持力度。)
Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a variable personality interpersonal interaction technology in which BCI can output instructions directly from the brain to external devices or machines without relying on the peripheral nerve and muscle systems. It also includes BCIs that bypass the peripheral nerve and muscle systems and directly input electrical, magnetic, acoustic, and light stimuli or neural feedback to the brain from external devices or machines.(脑机接口(BCI)是一种变个性的人际交互技术,其中既有不依赖外周神经和肌肉系统即可从大脑直接向外部设备或机器输出指令的BCI,也包括绕过外周神经和肌肉系统从外部设备或机器直接向大脑输入电、磁、声和光等刺激或神经反馈的BCI。) DARPA projects in the brain and neuroscience field:(美国DARPA布局的脑与神经科学领域相关项目:)
China's "Brain Plan" was proposed in 2016 and officially launched in 2021, and "Brain Science and Brain-Like Research" became one of the earliest pilot projects of the "Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Project". The key projects such as "new non-invasive brain-computer interface technology" and flexible brain-computer interface" were proposed. The "14th Five-Year Plan" for the Development of Medical Equipment Industry clearly proposes to accelerate the development of new nursing and rehabilitation equipment based on robots, intelligent vision and voice interaction, brain-computer interface, human-computer interaction and intelligent control technology.(中国"脑计划"于2016年提出,正式启动于2021年,"脑科学与类脑研究"成为"科技创新2030重大项目"最早运行的试点项目之一,提出了"新型无创脑机接口技术"、柔性脑机接口"等相关重点项目。《"十四五"医疗装备产业发展规划》明确提出加快研发基于机器人、智能视觉与语音交互、脑机接口、人机交互与智能控制技术的新型护理康复装备。) In the Science and Technology Innovation 2030 - Guidelines for Application of Major Projects of "Brain Science and Brain-like Research" in 2021, the relevant items of brain-computer interface are as follows:(《科技创新2030-"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目2021年度项目申报指南》中脑机接口有关项目如下:)
In the field of application, EEG technology and equipment are valued by game and military field because of its convenience of acquisition and processing and its portability, and have a huge market prospect. At present, the application of brain-computer interface in military field has accounted for 25% of the total application of brain-computer interface in the world. According to the public information, the United States, Europe and other countries and regions are making efforts to carry out research in this field. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARA) of the United States has been funding innovative scientific research and development in the field of BCI, including the "Silent Project" and "Avatar Project" research projects. The aim is to develop "robot warriors" that can implement battlefield brain mind communication and remote brain mind control. They also plan to launch next-generation non-surgical neurotechnology projects aimed at controlling neurons to enhance soldiers' cognitive and decision-making capabilities. United Kingdom researchers are also working on brain-computer interface devices for brain-controlled spacecraft. Through the BCI technology to realize the real-time control of the wartime command and control system, the realization of the powerful combat function of the mechanical exoskeleton "super warrior", soldiers through the mind directly control weapons, the realization of the post-war wounded soldiers' cognitive function recovery are the key research and application directions of BCI in the military field. China's National University of Defense Technology is also committed to the application research of brain-computer interface technology in the military field, and its basic research and innovation team of cognitive science has realized the control of robot actions and driving cars through "ideas". The equipment and technology for rehabilitation training of paralyzed patients using brain-computer interface technology developed by universities such as Tsinghua University and Zhejiang University have achieved initial results in clinical practice, which will provide new treatment methods for the treatment and rehabilitation of the wounded after the war. The competition of military forces in different countries will effectively promote the development and application of BCI technology. The deep integration of BCI and artificial intelligence technology and the realization of new hybrid intelligent system are the inevitable direction for the breakthrough of brain-computer interface performance. Facebook has been working on brain-computer interface technologies. Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, recently announced that Facebook will transform into a meta-universe company within five years, which will bring a wider range of applications for brain-computer interfaces: BCI technology realizes deep interaction with augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (CR) in the meta universe. Although some scenarios are still out of reach, the broad prospects on the application side will quickly drive scholars' research progress, and we will soon see breakthroughs in related technologies.(在应用领域上,EEG技术及设备因为便于采集处理和其便携性受到游戏和军事领域的重视,具备巨大的市场前景。目前,脑机接口在军事上的应用已占全球脑机接口总应用的25%。根据已经公开的资料显示,美、欧等国家和地区均在努力进行该领域的研究。美国国防部高级研究计划局(DARRA)一直资助BCI领域的创新科学研究和发展,提出了包括"无声计划"、"阿凡达计划"等研究项目,目的是研发可以实施战场脑意念通信和可以远程脑意念控制的"机器战士",他们还计划开展以控制神经元增强士兵认知和决策能力为目的的下一代无外科手术神经技术项目。英国研究人员也致力于脑控飞船的脑机接口装置研究。通过BCI技术实现对战时指挥控制系统的实时控制,实现具备强大作战功能的机械外骨骼"超级战士",士兵通过意念直接控制武器,实现战后受伤士兵的认知功能恢复等都是各国在军事领域BCI的重点研究应用方向。我国国防科技大学也致力于脑机接口技术在军事领域的应用研究,其认知科学基础研究与创新团队已实现通过"意念"控制机器人行动和驾驶汽车,清华大学、浙江大学等高校研究的利用脑机接口技术进行瘫痪患者康复训练的设备和技术在临床上已经初见成效,这将为战后伤员救治和康复提供新的治疗方式,各个国家军事力量的竞争将有效促进BCI技术的发展和应用。BCI与人工智能技术的深度融合,实现新的混合智能系统,是脑机接口性能寻求突破的必然方向。Facebook公司早已展开对脑机接口技术的研究,该公司创始人扎克伯格近期宣布将在五年内实现Facebook向元宇宙公司的转型,这将为脑机接口的应用带来更广阔的的领域:BCI技术在元宇宙中与增强现实(AR)、虚拟现实(CR)实现深度交互。尽管有些场景仍显得遥不可及,但在应用端的广阔前景将快速推动学者们的研究进度,我们将很快看到相关技术的突破性进展。) Potential BCI Medical Applications:(BCI医学潜在应用:)
Potential Non-Medical Applications of BCI:(BCI非医学潜在应用:)
Due to technology, legal supervision and other reasons, brain-computer interface industrialization is not ideal. In order to promote the development of the brain-computer interface industry, relevant industry workers can make efforts in at least the following four aspects:(由于技术、法律监管等原因,脑机接口产业化并不理想。为了推进脑机接口产业的发展,相关行业工作者至少可以在以下4个方面做出努力:); (1) improving the material properties of the implant, reducing or even avoiding the rejection reaction of the human body.(改进植入物的材料性质,降低甚至避免人体的排异反应); (2) Enhance the technical capability of electroencephalogram signal data collection and analysis, and improve the spatial and temporal resolution of collected data.(增强脑电信号的数据收集和分析的技术能力,提高采集数据的空间分辨率和时间分辨率); (3) Formulate brain-computer interface standard system, technical standards and evaluation standards as soon as possible, promote the coordinated development of various technical fields of brain-computer interface, and effectively supervise and evaluate relevant technologies.(尽早制定脑机接口标准体系、技术标准和评估标准,促进脑机接口各技术领域协同发展,同时对相关技术有效地监管评估); (4) Increase innovation investment in core technologies such as chips to support more application scenarios in the future.(加大对芯片等核心技术的创新投入,以支撑后续更多应用场景); Among implantable companies, Neuralink and Kernel focus on brain science applications and human intelligence, while BrainGate focuses on health care. Among companies using non-implantable technology, Brain Master mainly provides clinical and scientific grade high-precision EEG measurement devices, while NeuroSky and Emotiv favor consumer-grade brain-computer interface products. Mobile wearable brainwave devices and mood monitoring are developed mainly for meditation and gaming. NeuraMatrix, an incubator of Tsinghua University, adopts implanted technology and is positioned as a new generation of brain-computer interface platform development. Brain-strengthening technology - BrainCo is involved in education, medical and gaming; Brain Land Technology - BrainUp is mainly non-implantable technology route; Brain Tiger Technology-NeuroXess focuses on the development of minimally invasive implantable flexible brain-computer interface system.(在采用植入式技术的公司中,Neuralink和Kernel专注于脑科学应用和人类智能,BrainGate则专注于医疗健康;在采用非植入式技术的公司中,Brain Master主要提供临床级和科研级的高精度脑电测量设备,NeuroSky和Emotiv偏向于消费级脑机接口产品,主要针对冥想、游戏等需求开发移动可穿戴脑电波设备和情绪监测。清华大学孵化企业NeuraMatrix采用植入式技术,定位于新一代脑机接口平台开发;强脑科技-BrainCo涉足教育、医疗及游戏领域;脑陆科技-BrainUp以非植入式技术路线为主;脑虎科技-NeuroXess聚焦微创植入式柔性脑机接口系统研发。) New entrants can make breakthroughs in key technology patents in the field of implantable brain-computer interface in the following directions: (1) implantable electrode material technology; (2) Used for electroencephalogram signal feature analysis and processing technology; (3) Feedback technology.(对于新进入者可以在植入式脑机接口领域围绕以下几个方向进行关键技术专利突破:(1)植入式电极材料技术;(2)用于脑电信号特征分析处理技术;(3)反馈技术。)
Without substantial breakthroughs in BCI sensor technology for real-world applications in the next 5 to 10 years, it will be difficult for BCI to achieve large-scale medical and non-medical applications. BCI's R&D funding and support for industry transformation may be cut at the national level and by relevant institutions.(如果在未来 5~10 年内,没有实质性突破面向实际应用的 BCI 传感器技术瓶颈,那么BCI 将难以实现规模化的医学应用和非医学应用,如果是这样,国家层面以及相关机构可能会削减BCI研发资金以及降低对其产业转化的支持力度。)