constructicon / russian

Searchable database of multiword grammatical constructions of Russian.
https://constructicon.github.io/russian/
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Explanation of Semantic types #66

Closed Labrus closed 3 years ago

Labrus commented 3 years ago

I have formatted in Markdown the entire explanation of Semantic types. These are definitions of our tags available in Advanced search in the window called "Semantic type". This is a very long text and it should be part of Instructions coming under "Semantic types". Before I put it there, I want to ask you (see below).

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Instead of putting all this long text in Instructions, is it possible to give a link that would open on a separate page where we could use the same type of navigation as on Instructions (list of content) and place this text on that page? This page does not have to be listed in the row of tabs. The reason why I suggest this is that the system of these tags has several levels, and it would be nice to make use of titles and subtitles starting from the largest. In addition to the text we will later add an overview picture that would show this system in addition to the alphabetical order available in Advanced search.

Last but not the least, this part is the most important part of information on this resource that we want to represent nicely and clear. This is something that makes our Construction much superior than other existing Constructicon resources. To show you what I am talking about, here is the text:

In the Russian Constructicon, we adopt a set of terms to tag syntactic types of constructions:

Semantic class QUALIA

Qualia is a term borrowed from philosophy where it is defined as individual instances or forms of conscious experience and intrinsic qualitative properties of experience. We use this term to refer to a large class of constructions that describe the properties of the given objective physical world, external to the speaker. In this sense, Qualia as a class is contrasted with the other four large classes of constructions termed Subjectivity, Modality & its neighborhood, Discourse, and Parameters. We apply the term Qualia as an umbrella notion that includes seven groups of semantic types of constructions, namely: Situation structure, Situation modifiers, Major roles, Logical relations, Properties, Magnitude, and Sets & elements.

Sub-class of QUALIA: Situation structure

Situation structure is an umbrella term for those semantic types of constructions that specify structural caharecteristics of a situation, namely Timeline, Taxis, Actionality, Pluractionality, Phase of Action, Result, and Actuality.


Sub-class of QUALIA: Major roles

The terminology we employ in this section overlaps with the terms of semantic roles (Апресян 1974/1995). Here, the subtypes we distinguish refer to the semantics of the whole constructions, and the terms indicate various ways of interaction between the participants of a situation or different types of situations (e.g. possession, absence of a participant, etc.).


Sub-class of QUALIA: Situation modifiers

Constructions of this type provide information regarding spatial, temporal, and manner characteristics of a situation.


Sub-class of QUALIA: Logical relations

The construction refers to the relationship between events in terms of cause, purpose, consequence, condition, or concession.


Sub-class of QUALIA: Properties

This group of constructions includes three semantic types: Salient Property, Temporary Characteristics, and Comparison.


Sub-class of QUALIA: Sets and elements

The constructions of this type contain information on the relationship between an element and a set. We distinguish between quantifiers and operators. The operators modify a proposition or a set and "apply" to simplex quantifiers to derive complex quantifiers.


Sub-class of QUALIA: Magnitude

This group of constructions includes three semantic types: Non-Existence, Measure, and Calculation.


Semantic class MODALITY AND ITS NEIGHBORHOOD

On the one hand, we adopt the traditional widely accepted approach and take a narrow understanding of modality that refers to Root and Epistemic modality. On the other hand, we consider categories closely related to modality as its "neighborhood", and suggest that it includes Volition, Causation, Prohibition, Threat, Request, Apprehension, and Curse.

Core modal meanings

Neighborhood of core modal meanings


Semantic class SUBJECTIVITY

A large class of constructions incoding assessment, attitude, polarity value, mirativity, and source of opinion.


Semantic class DISCOURSE

Discourse is written and spoken communication between the speaker and the conversation partner. We use the term Discourse to refer to a distinct large class of constructions that function at the discourse level. These constructions structure the text, organize the communication and often refer to a broader context than a single sentence.

Sub-class of DISCOURSE: Discourse organization

This group includes the constructions that organize the communication process, usually by adding an optional commentary information in the form of parentheticals inserted or added to the main content of the clause. Here we distinguish between two types of constructions: Discourse structure constructions and Source of information constructions.

Sub-class of DISCOURSE: Discourse clauses

This group includes the constructions that have a prominent communicative function and constitute an entire clause. Here we distinguish between two types: the constructions that express Reaction to the previous discourse and Routines.


Semantic class PARAMETERS

Parameters are understood here as the meanings of intensity and accuracy that can apply and "build over" some other meanings (for example, temporal, spatial, or quantitative semantics, etc.). Parameters imply a certain scale (intensity scale or accuracy scale) that serves as a point of reference for a property or a situation characterized by a construction.

List of references

Nuyts, J. 2016. Analyses of the modal meanings. In Nuyts J. & J. van der Auwera (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood. Oxford University Press, 2016. 31-49.

Plungian, V.A. 1999. A typology of phasal meanings. In: Abraham, W., Kulikov, L. (eds.) Tense-aspect, transitivity, and causativity. John Benjamins, Amsterdam.

Plungian, Vladimir A. 2011. Vvedenie v grammatičeskuju semantiku: Grammatičeskie značenija i grammatičeskie sistemy jazykov mira [An introduction to grammatical semantics: Grammatical meanings and grammatical systems in the languages of the world]. Moscow: Russian State University for the Humanities Press.

van der Auwera, Johan and Plungian, Vladimir. 1998. Modality's Semantic Map. In: Linguistic Typology 2. 79-124.

Ладыгина А.С., Рахилина, Е.В. 2016. Русские конструкции со значением чередования ситуаций. In: Язык: поиски, факты, гипотезы. Сборник статей к 100-летию со дня рождения академика Н.Ю. Шведовой. Москва. 320-336.

bast commented 3 years ago

If I understood correctly that the question was whether we can have another page that would appear from the top menu and some text would go in there? Yes, no problem. How should the page be called? Then I can create space for it and you can place the text there and cross-reference it.

Labrus commented 3 years ago

My question is actually whether we can have this text on a separate page without having the name of this page in the top menu. The reason is that it is still a part of Instructions in terms of its content, just a very huge part. And there is not much space in the top menu to add something like "Semantic classification".

bast commented 3 years ago

There is now a new page: https://constructicon.github.io/russian/semantic-types/

You can change it here: https://github.com/constructicon/russian/blob/main/content/semantic-types.md

Labrus commented 3 years ago

Thank you!

Labrus commented 3 years ago

I think this is just wonderful how it is now. I hate to ask you again, but we need the same for the Russian version. Ideally, this would be a different link to a different page, where I could likewise place the same explanations in Russian, and I would provide this link in the Instructions (Russian). And the address could be something like https://github.com/constructicon/russian/blob/main/content/semantic-types-rus.md ?

bast commented 3 years ago

We can create another page. How should it be called?

You can link to it like this (you can change the text):

[see page on semantic types](/semantic-types/)
bast commented 3 years ago

Ah you answered it just above. I created now this: https://github.com/constructicon/russian/blob/main/content/semantic-types-russian.md

Labrus commented 3 years ago

Great! Oh, I see, I embedded that other link differently like this:

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As for this new page that you created now, I will edit it in https://github.com/constructicon/russian/blob/main/content/semantic-types-russian.md, and what link can I use to refer to it? For the English version you made : https://constructicon.github.io/russian/semantic-types/

bast commented 3 years ago

It works the same way: content/whatever.md creates a page https://constructicon.github.io/russian/whatever/

Instead of this: [here](https://constructicon.github.io/russian/semantic-types/) it is better to do this: [here](/semantic-types/) unless you tried and it didn't work?

Reason is that when previewing locally you want the link to go to the page in the local preview, not to the public page which might be different/behind.

Labrus commented 3 years ago

I see, I will change this today the way you suggest.

Labrus commented 3 years ago

I have added the link you said now for Russian and I think I messed up the code, because it does not work: In Markdown: См. объяснение семантических тегов на странице spelled as См. объяснение семантических тегов на [странице] (/semantic-types-russian/)

Labrus commented 3 years ago

I do not know why that did not work. I have corrected the link to the English page explaining the semantic roles in English Instructions, and it did not worked either. here

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So I put the link that worked instead.

Screen Shot 2021-04-07 at 13 04 07
bast commented 3 years ago

I understand this is now done. Closing.