Use of closed network connection when building in GitHub Actions using ghcr.io as cache

[jiridanek]

Description

I saw the issue from https://github.com/containers/buildah/issues/3587 reappear once in a flaky manner, when building in GitHub Actions and using ghcr.io registry as the cache

Error: failed pushing cache to {{{"ghcr.io" "jiridanek/cli-cpp_cache"} "4a89b1a62b0edbbe6a235c5e7c1d3ccca8d8e77a86e60df198050eefa7392268"}}: writing blob: Patch "https://ghcr.io/v2/jiridanek/cli-cpp_cache/blobs/upload/881ed25b-a889-4e8d-aae1-7ef68b110abf": use of closed network connection

https://github.com/jiridanek/cli-cpp/actions/runs/4893695440/jobs/8736952568#step:11:2967

The build command I am using is

      # https://docs.github.com/en/packages/working-with-a-github-packages-registry/working-with-the-container-registry
      - name: Prepare registry cache vars
        id: cache
        run: |
          echo "cache-from=--cache-from=ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/cli-cpp/buildah-cache" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
          # don't pollute cache by output from pull request builds
          if [[ ${{ github.ref }} == 'refs/heads/main' ]]; then
            echo "cache-to=--cache-to=ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/cli-cpp/buildah-cache" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
          fi

      - name: Build Image
        id: build-image
        uses: redhat-actions/buildah-build@v2
        with:
          image: ${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
          tags: latest ${{ github.sha }} ${{ steps.cleaned_ref_name.outputs.ref_name }}
          archs: amd64
          layers: true
          extra-args: |
            --volume=${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}:/ccache
            ${{ steps.cache.outputs.cache-from }}
            ${{ steps.cache.outputs.cache-to }}
          context: cli-cpp
          containerfiles: cli-cpp/Dockerfile

Output of rpm -q buildah or apt list buildah:

I am using quay.io/buildah/stable:latest container image. It appears to have currently

# rpm -q buildah
buildah-1.30.0-1.fc38.x86_64

Output of buildah version:

# buildah version
Version:         1.30.0
Go Version:      go1.20.2
Image Spec:      1.0.2-dev
Runtime Spec:    1.1.0-rc.1
CNI Spec:        1.0.0
libcni Version:  v1.1.2
image Version:   5.25.0
Git Commit:      
Built:           Mon Apr 10 07:26:00 2023
OS/Arch:         linux/amd64
BuildPlatform:   linux/amd64

Output of podman version if reporting a podman build issue:

# podman version
bash: podman: command not found

*Output of `cat /etc/release`:**

# cat /etc/*release
Fedora release 38 (Thirty Eight)
NAME="Fedora Linux"
VERSION="38 (Container Image)"
ID=fedora
VERSION_ID=38
VERSION_CODENAME=""
PLATFORM_ID="platform:f38"
PRETTY_NAME="Fedora Linux 38 (Container Image)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;38;2;60;110;180"
LOGO=fedora-logo-icon
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:38"
DEFAULT_HOSTNAME="fedora"
HOME_URL="https://fedoraproject.org/"
DOCUMENTATION_URL="https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/f38/system-administrators-guide/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://ask.fedoraproject.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/"
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Fedora"
REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=38
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Fedora"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=38
SUPPORT_END=2024-05-14
VARIANT="Container Image"
VARIANT_ID=container
Fedora release 38 (Thirty Eight)
Fedora release 38 (Thirty Eight

Output of uname -a:

This is from my laptop, not from hosted GitHub Actions runner

# uname -a
Linux e45b72396c43 6.2.9-300.fc38.x86_64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Mar 30 22:32:58 UTC 2023 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Output of cat /etc/containers/storage.conf:

# cat /etc/containers/storage.conf
# This file is the configuration file for all tools
# that use the containers/storage library. The storage.conf file
# overrides all other storage.conf files. Container engines using the
# container/storage library do not inherit fields from other storage.conf
# files.
#
#  Note: The storage.conf file overrides other storage.conf files based on this precedence:
#      /usr/containers/storage.conf
#      /etc/containers/storage.conf
#      $HOME/.config/containers/storage.conf
#      $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/containers/storage.conf (If XDG_CONFIG_HOME is set)
# See man 5 containers-storage.conf for more information
# The "container storage" table contains all of the server options.
[storage]

# Default Storage Driver, Must be set for proper operation.
driver = "overlay"

# Temporary storage location
runroot = "/run/containers/storage"

# Primary Read/Write location of container storage
# When changing the graphroot location on an SELINUX system, you must
# ensure  the labeling matches the default locations labels with the
# following commands:
# semanage fcontext -a -e /var/lib/containers/storage /NEWSTORAGEPATH
# restorecon -R -v /NEWSTORAGEPATH
graphroot = "/var/lib/containers/storage"

# Storage path for rootless users
#
# rootless_storage_path = "$HOME/.local/share/containers/storage"

# Transient store mode makes all container metadata be saved in temporary storage
# (i.e. runroot above). This is faster, but doesn't persist across reboots.
# Additional garbage collection must also be performed at boot-time, so this
# option should remain disabled in most configurations.
# transient_store = true

[storage.options]
# Storage options to be passed to underlying storage drivers

# AdditionalImageStores is used to pass paths to additional Read/Only image stores
# Must be comma separated list.
additionalimagestores = [
"/var/lib/shared",
]

# Allows specification of how storage is populated when pulling images. This
# option can speed the pulling process of images compressed with format
# zstd:chunked. Containers/storage looks for files within images that are being
# pulled from a container registry that were previously pulled to the host.  It
# can copy or create a hard link to the existing file when it finds them,
# eliminating the need to pull them from the container registry. These options
# can deduplicate pulling of content, disk storage of content and can allow the
# kernel to use less memory when running containers.

# containers/storage supports four keys
#   * enable_partial_images="true" | "false"
#     Tells containers/storage to look for files previously pulled in storage
#     rather then always pulling them from the container registry.
#   * use_hard_links = "false" | "true"
#     Tells containers/storage to use hard links rather then create new files in
#     the image, if an identical file already existed in storage.
#   * ostree_repos = ""
#     Tells containers/storage where an ostree repository exists that might have
#     previously pulled content which can be used when attempting to avoid
#     pulling content from the container registry
pull_options = {enable_partial_images = "false", use_hard_links = "false", ostree_repos=""}

# Remap-UIDs/GIDs is the mapping from UIDs/GIDs as they should appear inside of
# a container, to the UIDs/GIDs as they should appear outside of the container,
# and the length of the range of UIDs/GIDs.  Additional mapped sets can be
# listed and will be heeded by libraries, but there are limits to the number of
# mappings which the kernel will allow when you later attempt to run a
# container.
#
# remap-uids = 0:1668442479:65536
# remap-gids = 0:1668442479:65536

# Remap-User/Group is a user name which can be used to look up one or more UID/GID
# ranges in the /etc/subuid or /etc/subgid file.  Mappings are set up starting
# with an in-container ID of 0 and then a host-level ID taken from the lowest
# range that matches the specified name, and using the length of that range.
# Additional ranges are then assigned, using the ranges which specify the
# lowest host-level IDs first, to the lowest not-yet-mapped in-container ID,
# until all of the entries have been used for maps.
#
# remap-user = "containers"
# remap-group = "containers"

# Root-auto-userns-user is a user name which can be used to look up one or more UID/GID
# ranges in the /etc/subuid and /etc/subgid file.  These ranges will be partitioned
# to containers configured to create automatically a user namespace.  Containers
# configured to automatically create a user namespace can still overlap with containers
# having an explicit mapping set.
# This setting is ignored when running as rootless.
# root-auto-userns-user = "storage"
#
# Auto-userns-min-size is the minimum size for a user namespace created automatically.
# auto-userns-min-size=1024
#
# Auto-userns-max-size is the minimum size for a user namespace created automatically.
# auto-userns-max-size=65536

[storage.options.overlay]
# ignore_chown_errors can be set to allow a non privileged user running with
# a single UID within a user namespace to run containers. The user can pull
# and use any image even those with multiple uids.  Note multiple UIDs will be
# squashed down to the default uid in the container.  These images will have no
# separation between the users in the container. Only supported for the overlay
# and vfs drivers.
#ignore_chown_errors = "false"

# Inodes is used to set a maximum inodes of the container image.
# inodes = ""

# Path to an helper program to use for mounting the file system instead of mounting it
# directly.
mount_program = "/usr/bin/fuse-overlayfs"

# mountopt specifies comma separated list of extra mount options
mountopt = "nodev,fsync=0"

# Set to skip a PRIVATE bind mount on the storage home directory.
# skip_mount_home = "false"

# Size is used to set a maximum size of the container image.
# size = ""

# ForceMask specifies the permissions mask that is used for new files and
# directories.
#
# The values "shared" and "private" are accepted.
# Octal permission masks are also accepted.
#
#  "": No value specified.
#     All files/directories, get set with the permissions identified within the
#     image.
#  "private": it is equivalent to 0700.
#     All files/directories get set with 0700 permissions.  The owner has rwx
#     access to the files. No other users on the system can access the files.
#     This setting could be used with networked based homedirs.
#  "shared": it is equivalent to 0755.
#     The owner has rwx access to the files and everyone else can read, access
#     and execute them. This setting is useful for sharing containers storage
#     with other users.  For instance have a storage owned by root but shared
#     to rootless users as an additional store.
#     NOTE:  All files within the image are made readable and executable by any
#     user on the system. Even /etc/shadow within your image is now readable by
#     any user.
#
#   OCTAL: Users can experiment with other OCTAL Permissions.
#
#  Note: The force_mask Flag is an experimental feature, it could change in the
#  future.  When "force_mask" is set the original permission mask is stored in
#  the "user.containers.override_stat" xattr and the "mount_program" option must
#  be specified. Mount programs like "/usr/bin/fuse-overlayfs" present the
#  extended attribute permissions to processes within containers rather than the
#  "force_mask"  permissions.
#
# force_mask = ""

[storage.options.thinpool]
# Storage Options for thinpool

# autoextend_percent determines the amount by which pool needs to be
# grown. This is specified in terms of % of pool size. So a value of 20 means
# that when threshold is hit, pool will be grown by 20% of existing
# pool size.
# autoextend_percent = "20"

# autoextend_threshold determines the pool extension threshold in terms
# of percentage of pool size. For example, if threshold is 60, that means when
# pool is 60% full, threshold has been hit.
# autoextend_threshold = "80"

# basesize specifies the size to use when creating the base device, which
# limits the size of images and containers.
# basesize = "10G"

# blocksize specifies a custom blocksize to use for the thin pool.
# blocksize="64k"

# directlvm_device specifies a custom block storage device to use for the
# thin pool. Required if you setup devicemapper.
# directlvm_device = ""

# directlvm_device_force wipes device even if device already has a filesystem.
# directlvm_device_force = "True"

# fs specifies the filesystem type to use for the base device.
# fs="xfs"

# log_level sets the log level of devicemapper.
# 0: LogLevelSuppress 0 (Default)
# 2: LogLevelFatal
# 3: LogLevelErr
# 4: LogLevelWarn
# 5: LogLevelNotice
# 6: LogLevelInfo
# 7: LogLevelDebug
# log_level = "7"

# min_free_space specifies the min free space percent in a thin pool require for
# new device creation to succeed. Valid values are from 0% - 99%.
# Value 0% disables
# min_free_space = "10%"

# mkfsarg specifies extra mkfs arguments to be used when creating the base
# device.
# mkfsarg = ""

# metadata_size is used to set the `pvcreate --metadatasize` options when
# creating thin devices. Default is 128k
# metadata_size = ""

# Size is used to set a maximum size of the container image.
# size = ""

# use_deferred_removal marks devicemapper block device for deferred removal.
# If the thinpool is in use when the driver attempts to remove it, the driver
# tells the kernel to remove it as soon as possible. Note this does not free
# up the disk space, use deferred deletion to fully remove the thinpool.
# use_deferred_removal = "True"

# use_deferred_deletion marks thinpool device for deferred deletion.
# If the device is busy when the driver attempts to delete it, the driver
# will attempt to delete device every 30 seconds until successful.
# If the program using the driver exits, the driver will continue attempting
# to cleanup the next time the driver is used. Deferred deletion permanently
# deletes the device and all data stored in device will be lost.
# use_deferred_deletion = "True"

# xfs_nospace_max_retries specifies the maximum number of retries XFS should
# attempt to complete IO when ENOSPC (no space) error is returned by
# underlying storage device.
# xfs_nospace_max_retries = "0"

[jiridanek]

It happened again just now, https://github.com/jiridanek/cli-cpp/actions/runs/4894816601/jobs/8739559116#step:11:519

[alechirsch]

I am also seeing this issue appear intermittently. This is especially prevalent when attempting to do multiple builds at once that use ssh.

Getting this:

ERRO[0044] error serving agent: read unix /var/tmp/.buildah-ssh-sock583876480/ssh_auth_sock->@: use of closed network connection

I am doing npm installs in the image and here is the redacted output from npm

npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key:******************************** agent
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
npm ERR! debug1: Will attempt key: /root/.ssh/id_xmss
npm ERR! debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
npm ERR! debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
npm ERR! debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
npm ERR! debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey
npm ERR! debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
npm ERR! debug1: Offering public key: ******************************** agent
npm ERR! debug1: Server accepts key: ******************************** agent
npm ERR! sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed for RSA "********************************" from agent: communication with agent failed

Sometimes the builds works to completion, sometimes not. Builds NEVER work when running more than one at a time.

[flouthoc]

It seems like a small retry mechanism ( with exponential backoff ) should help here.

[flouthoc]

I'll take this.

[flouthoc]

@jiridanek @alechirsch I'd suggest setting --retry and --retry-delay with the buildah build command, adding more retry and increasing retry-delay should help here. Could you please try and let me know if it helped.

[jiridanek]

This sounds like it should help, those retries. I'll set it and we'll see what happens. Currently the fails are already quite rare for me, GH infra seems to work mostly well ;)

[flouthoc]

Yes I mean you can just set these to ensure that these failures don't happen in future. I am closing this issue hoping that this should help but feel free to re-open the issue if you hit this again.

[alechirsch]

@flouthoc I am running this with a podman-compose build

podman-compose --podman-build-args '--ssh default' build

I am not able to interface with buildah directly here. Seems like this should be built in, I am running into this issue on virtually every other build at random. This might be a separate issue and I can reopen a new one.

My issue is more similar to #3587, which this issue referenced. It seems like the fix for the previous issue was to increase the timeout before closing the connection. I do not think that works for my case. I am running an npm install in my build, which contains multiple packages that needs to be pulled with the ssh connection. I suspect what is happening here is that npm gets to one of the packages requiring ssh, opens a connection, the connection gets closed by buildah, then later in the install process npm tries to get another package with ssh. It can not since the connection was already terminated.