Update Salt to 3005.1+ds-1 for Debian 10 and later

Description

Update Salt to 3005.1+ds-1 for Debian 10 and later (from ~~3004.2+ds-1~~, see #181)

Release Notes
- Salt 3005 release notes - Codename Phosphorus
  
  Debian and Raspbian 9 are now EOL, therefore we will no longer be building packages for these platforms.
- Salt 3005.1 Release Notes

Issues

impacted by saltstack/salt#62849, but it does not appear to be blocking (appears to only error on install on some hosts)

The minion function caused an exception: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/minion.py", line 1912, in _thread_return
sdata.update(data)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/minion.py", line 1869, in _execute_job_function
if function_name in self.functions:
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 149, in __call__
return self.loader.run(run_func, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 1201, in run
module_name = virtualname
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 1216, in _run_as
module_name,
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/executors/direct_call.py", line 10, in execute
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 149, in __call__
return self.loader.run(run_func, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 1201, in run
module_name = virtualname
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 1216, in _run_as
module_name,
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/modules/state.py", line 1129, in highstate
orchestration_jid = kwargs.get("orchestration_jid")
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 149, in __call__
return self.loader.run(run_func, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 1201, in run
module_name = virtualname
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/lazy.py", line 1216, in _run_as
module_name,
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/modules/config.py", line 211, in option
if value in __opts__:
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/context.py", line 81, in __contains__
return item in self.value()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/salt/loader/context.py", line 72, in value
return loader.pack[self.name]
KeyError: '__opts__'

also impacted by saltstack/salt#63602
resolved by manually removing old SSH known hosts entries
may have been triggered by We updated our RSA SSH host key | The GitHub Blog

Technical details

First, upgraded salt-master host manually:

Reviewed currently installed versions:

dpkg-query -W | fgrep salt

salt-common 3004.2+ds-1
salt-master 3004.2+ds-1
salt-minion 3004.2+ds-1
salt-ssh    3004.2+ds-1

Manually updated URL in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/saltstack.list
Updated package list
```
sudo apt-get update
```
Verified new package was available
```
apt-cache show salt-master
```

Installed new packages

sudo apt-get install salt-common salt-master salt-minion salt-ssh

Per Files changed, we added a condition and hardcoded the Salt version for Debian 9.

Next, All hosts were upgraded via the following process:

Updated minion_target_version per Files changed

Tested changes on all hosts:

sudo salt \* state.sls salt saltenv=${USER} test=True

Applied changes on all hosts:

sudo salt \* state.sls salt saltenv=${USER}

Verify:
```
sudo salt \* test.version
```
Updated internal documentation

Checklist

[x] My pull request has a descriptive title (not a vague title like Update index.md).
[x] My pull request targets the default branch of the repository (main or master).
[x] My commit messages follow best practices.
[x] My code follows the established code style of the repository.
[ ] I added or updated tests for the changes I made (if applicable).
[x] I added or updated documentation (if applicable).
[x] I tried running the project locally and verified that there are no visible errors.

Developer Certificate of Origin

For the purposes of this DCO, "license" is equivalent to "license or public domain dedication," and "open source license" is equivalent to "open content license or public domain dedication."

Developer Certificate of Origin

``` Developer Certificate of Origin Version 1.1 Copyright (C) 2004, 2006 The Linux Foundation and its contributors. 1 Letterman Drive Suite D4700 San Francisco, CA, 94129 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1 By making a contribution to this project, I certify that: (a) The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I have the right to submit it under the open source license indicated in the file; or (b) The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source license and I have the right under that license to submit that work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part by me, under the same open source license (unless I am permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated in the file; or (c) The contribution was provided directly to me by some other person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified it. (d) I understand and agree that this project and the contribution are public and that a record of the contribution (including all personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with this project or the open source license(s) involved. ```

creativecommons / sre-salt-prime