Refactored User Keys

[overheadhunter]

This PR has changes in three areas:

1. It changes the data model in order to store an ECDH key (same as before) as well as an ECDSA key (new). New columns are added in our database for the ECDSA public key. No separate column is required for the private key, as it will be added in the JWE that already holds the ECDH key in its payload (existing columns user.privatekeys and device.user_privatekeys; just renamed those).
2. With userdata.ts, it adds a new facade object to the frontend. The purpose of this object is to channel all requests to /api/me as well as access to user keys and browser keys through a single place. This not only deduplicates some code and allows us to memoize seldom changing objects, it also makes sure we have a single entry point to inspect and interact with the user's key material.
3. Building upon (2.), if the user DTO doesn't contain any ECDSA key yet, it is created and all objects that contain the user's key material are updated (i.e. the user itself and the user's devices)

---

One of the sequence diagrams generated by coderabbit was actually quite good. I fetched it from its edit history:

sequenceDiagram
    participant User as User
    participant Frontend as Frontend
    participant UserData as UserData
    participant Backend as Backend

    User ->> Frontend: Create Vault
    Frontend ->> UserData: Get User Data
    UserData ->> Backend: Fetch User Information
    Backend -->> UserData: UserDto
    UserData -->> Frontend: UserDto
    Frontend ->> UserData: Get ECDH Public Key
    UserData -->> Frontend: ECDH Public Key
    Frontend ->> Backend: Create Vault with ECDH Public Key
    Backend -->> Frontend: Vault Created

    User ->> Frontend: Recover Vault
    Frontend ->> UserData: Get User Data
    UserData ->> Backend: Fetch User Information
    Backend -->> UserData: UserDto
    UserData -->> Frontend: UserDto
    Frontend ->> UserData: Decrypt User Keys with Browser
    UserData -->> Frontend: Decrypted User Keys
    Frontend ->> Backend: Recover Vault with User Keys
    Backend -->> Frontend: Vault Recovered

[coderabbitai[bot]]

Walkthrough

The recent changes introduce a UserData class in the frontend, centralizing user data management and key handling. This class provides methods for fetching user information, creating browser keys, and decrypting user keys. The frontend components have been refactored to utilize this new class instead of directly interacting with the backend. Additionally, the backend has been updated to use more specific cryptographic key names, enhancing clarity and security.

Changes

Files/Paths	Change Summaries
frontend/src/common/userdata.ts	Introduced UserData class for managing user data and keys, added several methods for key operations.
frontend/src/components/VaultDetails.vue	Refactored to use UserData for fetching user data and decrypting user keys.
frontend/src/components/CreateVault.vue	Updated to retrieve user's ECDH public key from UserData instead of directly from the backend.
frontend/src/components/RecoverVaultDialog.vue	Changed to use UserData for accessing the ECDH public key during vault recovery.
backend/src/main/java/.../UsersResource.java	Renamed cryptographic key variables and updated method calls accordingly. Added updateDevices method.

Poem

In code's vast realm, a rabbit hops with glee,
Refactoring keys with utmost clarity.
From UserData springs a new dawn,
Where vaults are safe and secrets drawn.
Backend whispers, "ECDH, ECDSA,"
While frontend dances, simplifying the way.
Together they weave a secure, bright day. 🌟

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