LP-827 - Upgrade ruby 3.0.5 to 3.2.2

[chrisrlc]

https://culibrary.atlassian.net/browse/LP-827

Not ready to merge to dev without new elasticbeanstalk instances with updated ruby.

Includes the following updates:

• ruby 3.0.5 --> 3.2.2
• blacklight 7.33.1 --> 7.36.1
• blacklight-spotlight 3.5.0.2 --> 3.5.0.3
• puma 6.4.0 --> 6.4.2 (fixes dependabot alert)
• nokogiri 1.15.5 --> 1.16.2 (fixes dependabot alert)
• view_component 2.82.0 --> 3.15.0 (fixes dependabot alert)
• Updates Debian image used in Dockerfile from Debian 11 (bullseye) to Debian 12 (bookworm)

Also starts switching on some of the rails 7.0 framework defaults (currently, config/application.rb still sets config.load_defaults 6.1) to prep for eventual rails upgrades.