fix: Overhaul the validation action

[mikeee]

Description

This PR introduces an improved github action workflow for validating the examples.

Changes:

• Removes the hard-coded commit reference for the runtime.
• Implement events triggering a test with a custom ref for runtime/cli
• Split examples into singular jobs
  • Allows testing all examples even with individual failures
  • The log outputs are now split by example
• Bumps all actions to the latest versions.
• Use the repo go.mod as a source for the go version.
• Adds the socket example to the validation list

The validation run time has been decreased from 4 minutes to 2 minutes when using the latest release of the cli and daprd. This should remain fairly consistent with subsequent examples running in parallel with each other.

Old run: https://github.com/dapr/go-sdk/actions/runs/7495289203/job/20405047466 New run: https://github.com/dapr/go-sdk/actions/runs/7584941308

Issue reference

Unreferenced

Checklist

Please make sure you've completed the relevant tasks for this PR, out of the following list:

• [ ] Code compiles correctly
• [x] Created/updated tests
• [ ] Extended the documentation

[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Comparison is base (c8f3533) 70.26% compared to head (f00cacd) 70.26%.

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #495 +/- ## ======================================= Coverage 70.26% 70.26% ======================================= Files 35 35 Lines 2859 2859 ======================================= Hits 2009 2009 Misses 738 738 Partials 112 112 ```

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