databendlabs / databend

𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮, 𝗔𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘁𝗶𝗰𝘀 & 𝗔𝗜. Modern alternative to Snowflake. Cost-effective and simple for massive-scale analytics. https://databend.com
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Databend vs. Snowflake Features and Capabilities #13059

Open BohuTANG opened 1 year ago

BohuTANG commented 1 year ago

Features and Capabilities

Databend is an open-source alternative to Snowflake, so we need a page to introduce the differences between Databend and Snowflake. Feel free to contribute if you notice any omissions.

Category Snowflake Databend
Numeric Data Types Data Types Yes Yes [1, 2]
String & Binary Data Types Data Types Yes Yes
Logical Data Types Data Types Yes Yes
Date & Time Data Types Data Types Yes Yes
Geospatial Data Types Data Types Yes Yes
Bitmap Data Types Data Types No Yes
Semi-structured Data Types Data Types Yes Yes
Database Databases Yes Yes
Sequence Sequences Yes Yes
Table Tables Yes Yes
External Location Table(Store data in your own S3 bucket) Tables No Yes
Vacuum Tables No Yes
Clustering Tables Yes Yes(Distributed)
Full-Text Index Tables No Yes
Hive Lake Yes Yes
Iceberg Lake Yes Yes
View Views Yes Yes
Materialized Views Views Yes Yes
User, Role, & Privilege Privileges Yes Yes
Query Queries Yes Yes
Update General DML Yes Yes(Distributed)
Replace General DML No Yes(Distributed)
Delete General DML Yes Yes(Distributed)
Merge General DML Yes Yes
Stage(Internal/External/Remove/List) Data Loading Yes Yes
Query Stage File Data Loading Yes Yes
Copy Into Table/Location Data Loading Yes Yes(Distributed)
Transforming Data During a Load Data Loading Yes Yes
Pipe Data Loading Yes Yes(Cloud)
Task Data Loading Yes, minimum schedule is 1 minute Yes, minimum schedule is 500 millisecond
Stream Data Loading Yes Yes
Table Stream(Append-only/Standard) Data Loading Yes Yes
User-Defined Functions Functions Yes Yes
External Functions Functions Yes Yes
Stored Procedure Functions Yes Planning
AI Functions Functions Yes, 2024 Add Yes
Window Function Functions Yes Yes
Time Travel Data Recovery Yes Yes
Data Sharing Data Sharing Yes Yes
RBAC Security Yes Yes
Network Policies Security Yes Yes
Masking Policies Security Yes Yes
Kafka Connect Connectors Yes Yes
Flink CDC Connectors No Yes
dbt Connectors Yes Yes
Drivers Drivers Go
Java
Ptyhon
Node.js
Go
Java
Python
Node.js
Rust
Embedded as a Python Library No Yes
Storage Format Storage MicroPartition Parquet
Aggregate&Join&Sort Spill Performance Optimization Yes Yes
Local Disk Cache Performance Optimization Yes Yes
Profiling Performance Optimization Powerful Powerful
CLI Client Client SnowSQL BendSQL
TPC-H Benchmark Yes Yes
TPC-DS Benchmark Yes Yes
Supported Cloud Platforms Cloud AWS/GCP/AZURE Any Cloud

Databend and Snowflake Functions Comparison

Mathematical Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
ABS(x) ABS(x)
ACOS(x) ACOS(x)
ASIN(x) ASIN(x)
ATAN(x) ATAN(x)
ATAN2(y, x) ATAN2(y, x)
CEIL(x) CEIL(x)
CEILING(x) CEILING(x)
COS(x) COS(x)
DEGREES(x) DEGREES(x)
EXP(x) EXP(x)
FLOOR(x) FLOOR(x)
LN(x) LN(x)
LOG(x) LOG(x)
LOG10(x) LOG10(x)
LOG2(x) LOG2(x)
PI() PI()
POW(x, y) POW(x, y)
POWER(x, y) POWER(x, y)
RADIANS(x) RADIANS(x)
RAND() RAND()
ROUND(x, d) ROUND(x, d)
SIGN(x) SIGN(x)
SIN(x) SIN(x)
SQRT(x) SQRT(x)
TAN(x) TAN(x)

String Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
ASCII(expr) ASCII(expr)
CHAR(n, ...) CHAR(n, ...)
CONCAT(expr1, ...) CONCAT(expr1, ...)
CONCAT_WS(separator, expr1, ...) CONCAT_WS(separator, expr1, ...)
INSTR(str, substr) INSTR(str, substr)
LENGTH(str) LENGTH(str)
LCASE(str) LOWER(str)
LEFT(str, len) LEFT(str, len)
LOWER(str) LOWER(str)
LTRIM(str) LTRIM(str)
POSITION(substr IN str) POSITION(substr IN str)
REPEAT(str, count) REPEAT(str, count)
REPLACE(str, from_str, to_str) REPLACE(str, from_str, to_str)
REVERSE(str) REVERSE(str)
RIGHT(str, len) RIGHT(str, len)
RTRIM(str) RTRIM(str)
SPACE(n) SPACE(n)
SUBSTR(str, pos) SUBSTR(str, pos)
SUBSTR(str, pos, len) SUBSTR(str, pos, len)
SUBSTRING(str, pos) SUBSTRING(str, pos)
SUBSTRING(str, pos, len) SUBSTRING(str, pos, len)
TRIM([{BOTH | LEADING | TRAILING} [remstr] FROM] str) TRIM([{BOTH | LEADING | TRAILING} [remstr] FROM] str)
UCASE(str) UPPER(str)
UPPER(str) UPPER(str)

Date and Time Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
ADD_DAYS(date, interval) DATEADD(day, interval, date)
ADD_HOURS(date, interval) DATEADD(hour, interval, date)
ADD_MINUTES(date, interval) DATEADD(minute, interval, date)
ADD_MONTHS(date, interval) DATEADD(month, interval, date)
ADD_SECONDS(date, interval) DATEADD(second, interval, date)
ADD_YEARS(date, interval) DATEADD(year, interval, date)
DATE(expr) DATE(expr)
DAY(date) DAY(date)
DAYNAME(date) DAYNAME(date)
DAY_OF_MONTH(date) DAYOFMONTH(date)
DAY_OF_WEEK(date) DAYOFWEEK(date)
DAY_OF_YEAR(date) DAYOFYEAR(date)
HOUR(date) HOUR(date)
LAST_DAY(date) LAST_DAY(date)
MINUTE(time) MINUTE(time)
MONTH(date) MONTH(date)
NOW() CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
SECOND(time) SECOND(time)
TO_DATE(expr) TO_DATE(expr)
TO_TIMESTAMP(expr) TO_TIMESTAMP(expr)
WEEK(date) WEEK(date)
YEAR(date) YEAR(date)
YESTERDAY() DATEADD(day, -1, CURRENT_DATE())
TOMORROW() DATEADD(day, 1, CURRENT_DATE())
TO_START_OF_DAY(expr) DATE_TRUNC('day', expr)
TO_START_OF_HOUR(expr) DATE_TRUNC('hour', expr)
TO_START_OF_MINUTE(expr) DATE_TRUNC('minute', expr)
TO_START_OF_MONTH(expr) DATE_TRUNC('month', expr)
TO_START_OF_QUARTER(expr) DATE_TRUNC('quarter', expr)
TO_START_OF_WEEK(expr) DATE_TRUNC('week', expr)
TO_START_OF_YEAR(expr) DATE_TRUNC('year', expr)
TO_UNIX_TIMESTAMP(expr) TO_TIMESTAMP(expr)
TO_YEARMONTH(expr) TO_CHAR(expr, 'YYYY-MM')
TO_YYYYMMDD(expr) TO_CHAR(expr, 'YYYYMMDD')
TO_YYYYMMDDHH(expr) TO_CHAR(expr, 'YYYYMMDDHH')
TO_YYYYMMDDHHMMSS(expr) TO_CHAR(expr, 'YYYYMMDDHHMMSS')

Aggregate Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
AVG(x) AVG(x)
COUNT(x) COUNT(x)
MAX(x) MAX(x)
MIN(x) MIN(x)
SUM(x) SUM(x)

Conversion Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
CAST(expr AS type) CAST(expr AS type)
TO_BOOLEAN(expr) CAST(expr AS BOOLEAN)
TO_STRING(expr) CAST(expr AS STRING)
TO_INT32(expr) CAST(expr AS INT)
TO_INT64(expr) CAST(expr AS BIGINT)
TO_UINT32(expr) CAST(expr AS NUMBER)
TO_UINT64(expr) CAST(expr AS NUMBER)
TO_FLOAT32(expr) CAST(expr AS FLOAT)
TO_FLOAT64(expr) CAST(expr AS DOUBLE)
TO_DATE(expr) CAST(expr AS DATE)
TO_TIMESTAMP(expr) CAST(expr AS TIMESTAMP)
TRY_CAST(expr AS type) TRY_CAST(expr AS type)

JSON Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
JSON_OBJECT(key1, value1[, key2, value2[, ...]]) OBJECT_CONSTRUCT(key1, value1[, key2, value2[, ...]])
PARSE_JSON(expr) PARSE_JSON(expr)
JSON_EXTRACT_PATH_TEXT(expr, path_name) GET(expr, path_name)
JSON_PRETTY(json_string) TO_JSON_STRING(json_string)
JSON_ARRAY(value1[, value2[, ...]]) ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(value1[, value2[, ...]])
JSON_PATH_QUERY(variant, path_name) PATH(expr, path_name)
JSON_PATH_QUERY_FIRST(variant, path_name) PATH(expr, path_name)
CHECK_JSON(expr) IS_JSON(expr)
GET_PATH(variant, path_name) GET_PATH(variant, path_name)
JSON_PATH_EXISTS(json_data, json_path_expression) JSON_PATH_EXISTS(json_data, json_path_expression)
JSON_OBJECT_KEEP_NULL(key1, value1[, key2, value2[, ...]]) OBJECT_CONSTRUCT_KEEP_NULL(key1, value1[, key2, value2[, ...]])
IS_INTEGER(expr) IS_INTEGER(expr)
IS_NULL_VALUE(expr) IS_NULL_VALUE(expr)
IS_STRING(expr) IS_STRING(expr)
IS_BOOLEAN(expr) IS_BOOLEAN(expr)
FLATTEN(INPUT => expr [, PATH => expr ] [ , OUTER => TRUE | FALSE ] [ , RECURSIVE => TRUE | FALSE ] [ , MODE => 'OBJECT' | 'ARRAY' | 'BOTH' ]) FLATTEN(INPUT => expr [, PATH => expr ] [ , OUTER => TRUE | FALSE ] [ , RECURSIVE => TRUE | FALSE ] [ , MODE => 'OBJECT' | 'ARRAY' | 'BOTH' ])
IS_ARRAY(expr) IS_ARRAY(expr)
GET(variant, index) GET(variant, index)
JSON_PATH_QUERY_ARRAY(variant, path_name) PATH_ARRAY(variant, path_name)
GET_IGNORE_CASE(variant, field_name) GET_IGNORE_CASE(variant, field_name)
JSON_ARRAY_ELEMENTS(json_string) ARRAY_ELEMENTS(json_string)
JSON_STRIP_NULLS(json_string) REMOVE_NULLS(json_string)
AS_BOOLEAN(variant) CAST(variant AS BOOLEAN)
AS_INTEGER(variant) CAST(variant AS INTEGER)
AS_FLOAT(variant) CAST(variant AS FLOAT)
AS_STRING(variant) CAST(variant AS STRING)
AS_ARRAY(variant) CAST(variant AS ARRAY)
AS_OBJECT(variant) CAST(variant AS OBJECT)

Bitmap Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
BUILD_BITMAP(expr) N/A
TO_BITMAP(expr) N/A
BITMAP_AND(expr1, expr2) N/A
BITMAP_OR(expr1, expr2) N/A
BITMAP_XOR(expr1, expr2) N/A
BITMAP_HAS_ALL(expr1, expr2) N/A
BITMAP_HAS_ANY(expr1, expr2) N/A
BITMAP_TO_STRING(expr) N/A

Conditional Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
IF(cond, expr1, expr2) IFF(cond, expr1, expr2)
NULLIF(expr1, expr2) NULLIF(expr1, expr2)
IFNULL(expr1, expr2) IFNULL(expr1, expr2)
COALESCE(expr1, expr2[, ...]) COALESCE(expr1, expr2[, ...])

Encryption and Hash Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
MD5(expr) MD5(expr)
SHA(expr) SHA(expr)
SHA2(expr, x) SHA2(expr, x)
CRC32(expr) CRC32(expr)
XXHASH32(expr) N/A
XXHASH64(expr) N/A
BLAKE3(expr) N/A
SIPHASH64(expr) N/A
CITY64WITHSEED(expr1, expr2) N/A

Window Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
ROW_NUMBER() ROW_NUMBER()
RANK() RANK()
DENSE_RANK() DENSE_RANK()
PERCENT_RANK() PERCENT_RANK()
CUME_DIST() CUME_DIST()
NTILE(n) NTILE(n)
LAG(expr, n, default) LAG(expr, n, default)
LEAD(expr, n, default) LEAD(expr, n, default)
FIRST_VALUE(expr) FIRST_VALUE(expr)
LAST_VALUE(expr) LAST_VALUE(expr)
NTH_VALUE(expr, n) NTH_VALUE(expr, n)

Array Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
ARRAY_REDUCE(array, lambda) N/A
ARRAY_FLATTEN(array) ARRAY_FLATTEN( <array> )
SLICE(array, start[, end]) SLICE(array, start[, end])
ARRAY_TO_STRING(array, '<separator>') ARRAY_TO_STRING(array, '<separator>')
CONTAINS(array, element) ARRAY_CONTAINS(array, element)
ARRAY_FILTER(array, lambda) N/A
ARRAY_SORT(array[, order[, nullposition]]) ARRAY_SORT(array[, order[, nullposition]])
UNNEST(array) UNNEST(array)
ARRAY_CONCAT(array1, array2) ARRAY_CAT(array1, array2)
GET(array, index) GET(array, index)
ARRAY_INDEX_OF(array, element) ARRAY_INDEX_OF(array, element)
ARRAY_UNIQUE(array) ARRAY_UNIQUE(array)
ARRAY_REMOVE_FIRST(array) N/A
ARRAY_TRANSFORM(array, lambda) TRANSFORM( <array> , <lambda_expression> )
ARRAY_DISTINCT(array) ARRAY_DISTINCT(array)
ARRAY_APPEND(array, element) ARRAY_APPEND(array, element)
ARRAY_PREPEND(element, array) ARRAY_PREPEND(element, array)
ARRAY_LENGTH(array) ARRAY_LENGTH(array)
ARRAY_APPLY(array, lambda) N/A

Geospatial Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
H3_EXACT_EDGE_LENGTH_KM(h3) H3_EXACT_EDGE_LENGTH_KM(h3)
H3_EDGE_LENGTH_M(1) H3_EDGE_LENGTH_M(1)
H3_LINE(h3, a_h3) H3_LINE(h3, a_h3)
H3_EDGE_LENGTH_KM(res) H3_EDGE_LENGTH_KM(res)
H3_EXACT_EDGE_LENGTH_M(h3) H3_EXACT_EDGE_LENGTH_M(h3)
GEOHASH_DECODE('<geohashed-string>') GEOHASH_DECODE('<geohashed-string>')
H3_HEX_AREA_M2(res) H3_HEX_AREA_M2(res)
H3_TO_GEO_BOUNDARY(h3) H3_TO_GEO_BOUNDARY(h3)
H3_GET_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGES_FROM_HEXAGON(h3) H3_GET_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGES_FROM_HEXAGON(h3)
H3_HEX_AREA_KM2(res) H3_HEX_AREA_KM2(res)
H3_IS_VALID(h3) H3_IS_VALID(h3)
H3_TO_GEO(h3) H3_TO_GEO(h3)
H3_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE_IS_VALID(h3) H3_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE_IS_VALID(h3)
GEO_TO_H3(lon, lat, res) GEO_TO_H3(lon, lat, res)
GEOHASH_ENCODE(lon, lat) GEOHASH_ENCODE(lon, lat)
POINT_IN_POLYGON((x,y), [(a,b), (c,d), (e,f) ... ]) POINT_IN_POLYGON((x,y), [(a,b), (c,d), (e,f) ... ])
H3_DISTANCE(h3, a_h3) H3_DISTANCE(h3, a_h3)
H3_CELL_AREA_RADS2(h3) H3_CELL_AREA_RADS2(h3)
H3_TO_CENTER_CHILD(h3, res) H3_TO_CENTER_CHILD(h3, res)
H3_CELL_AREA_M2(h3) H3_CELL_AREA_M2(h3)
H3_GET_FACES(h3) H3_GET_FACES(h3)
H3_IS_PENTAGON(h3) H3_IS_PENTAGON(h3)
STRING_TO_H3(h3) STRING_TO_H3(h3)
H3_GET_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3, a_h3) H3_GET_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3, a_h3)
H3_GET_BASE_CELL(h3) H3_GET_BASE_CELL(h3)
H3_GET_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE_BOUNDARY(h3) H3_GET_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE_BOUNDARY(h3)
H3_GET_DESTINATION_INDEX_FROM_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3) H3_GET_DESTINATION_INDEX_FROM_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3)
H3_TO_PARENT(h3, parent_res) H3_TO_PARENT(h3, parent_res)
H3_NUM_HEXAGONS(res) H3_NUM_HEXAGONS(res)
H3_TO_CHILDREN(h3, child_res) H3_TO_CHILDREN(h3, child_res)
H3_GET_INDEXES_FROM_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3) H3_GET_INDEXES_FROM_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3)
H3_TO_STRING(h3) H3_TO_STRING(h3)
H3_K_RING(h3, k) H3_K_RING(h3, k)
H3_IS_RES_CLASS_III(h3) H3_IS_RES_CLASS_III(h3)
H3_INDEXES_ARE_NEIGHBORS(h3, a_h3) H3_INDEXES_ARE_NEIGHBORS(h3, a_h3)
H3_GET_ORIGIN_INDEX_FROM_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3) H3_GET_ORIGIN_INDEX_FROM_UNIDIRECTIONAL_EDGE(h3)
H3_GET_RESOLUTION(h3) H3_GET_RESOLUTION(h3)

Other Functions

Databend Function Snowflake Function
NEXTVAL(seq_name) NEXTVAL(seq_name)
QUOTE(str) QUOTE(str)
ZhiHanZ commented 1 year ago
Feature Snowflake Databend
Kafka Connect Yes Yes
Flink CDC No Yes
dbt Yes Yes
go driver Yes Yes
java driver Yes Yes
rust driver No Yes
python driver Yes Yes
nodejs driver Yes Planning
embedded python lib No Yes
Iceberg Private Preview Yes
PsiACE commented 1 year ago

we hava a nodejs driver, see:

In addition, although we do not yet support geospatial types, we have already implemented a wide range of geospatial functions. I believe this is worth mentioning.

I think, in Storage Format, perhaps we can also add our native format and indicate that it can bring better performance.

xudong963 commented 11 months ago

We also support aggregate and hash join spilling.

Chasen-Zhang commented 9 months ago

@BohuTANG Could you help me change the address of the connection, Here are the rules: /doc/sql-reference/ => /sql/sql-reference/ /doc/sql-commands/ => /sql/sql-commands/ /doc/sql-functions/ =>/sql/sql-functions/ (👆 Although I redirected all of these, it's better to change them all together. And you can directly change the domain name to https://docs.databend.com )

https://docs.databend.com/load-data/pipeline => https://docs.databend.com/doc/load-data/pipeline https://databend.rs/blog/2023-08-01-iceberg-integration=> https://www.databend.com/blog/2023-08-01-iceberg-integration/

Thank you in advance!

cdmikechen commented 9 months ago

@BohuTANG Wish to support Geospatial Data Types, we used to have a lot of spatial data needs, and if databend can support geo, it will be a great help to us ~

sfc-gh-space commented 1 day ago

I didn't do a comprehensive review, but your Snowflake features are out of date. A few examples:

BohuTANG commented 23 hours ago

Hi @sfc-gh-space,

Thank you for the information. I've updated the outdated sections with the information you provided.

Snowflake supports external tables, both in your own VPC and on-prem from S3-compatible storage arrays.

While Snowflake supports external tables, it's important to note that Databend’s external location tables operate differently (see: Databend External Location Tables). In Snowflake, you can't place the Snowflake-specific micro-partition table format into your own S3 bucket, as it's confined to Snowflake-managed storage. However, Databend allows external table data to be stored directly in your S3 bucket. Databend’s approach is more akin to Snowflake's external stage queries (see: Querying an External Stage).

Embedded Python Library:...

Here we have changed it to Embedded as a Python Library.

sfc-gh-space commented 14 hours ago

Regarding your comment: "Databend allows external table data to be stored directly in your S3 bucket." Apache Iceberg™ is a fully native table format (e.g a first party object) for Snowflake since June 2024. This means Snowflake customers can choose to store their data in their own S3 bucket if they like. Apache Iceberg™ tables are Parquet files with metadata. Databend appears to store data in Parquet as well. I see zero distinction.