Use fastjsonschema instead of jsonschema for validation

[gshank]

resolves #145

Description

For performance reasons we are replacing jsonschema with fastjsonschema.

Checklist

• [x] I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• [x] I have signed the CLA
• [x] I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• [x] I have opened an issue to add/update docs, or docs changes are not required/relevant for this PR
• [x] I have run changie new to create a changelog entry

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 92.30769% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 64.78%. Comparing base (bef3b7d) to head (fdecf8c).

Files	Patch %	Lines
dbt_common/dataclass_schema.py	96.00%	1 Missing :warning:
dbt_common/exceptions/base.py	0.00%	1 Missing :warning:

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## main #146 +/- ## ========================================== + Coverage 64.33% 64.78% +0.45% ========================================== Files 51 51 Lines 3230 3243 +13 ========================================== + Hits 2078 2101 +23 + Misses 1152 1142 -10 ``` | [Flag](https://app.codecov.io/gh/dbt-labs/dbt-common/pull/146/flags?src=pr&el=flags&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=dbt-labs) | Coverage Δ | | |---|---|---| | [unit](https://app.codecov.io/gh/dbt-labs/dbt-common/pull/146/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=dbt-labs) | `64.78% <92.30%> (+0.45%)` | :arrow_up: | Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. [Click here](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/carryforward-flags?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=dbt-labs#carryforward-flags-in-the-pull-request-comment) to find out more.

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