Bump babel and webpack dependencies as of June 2024

[aranke]

Description

We have several alerts from Dependabot because we haven't bumped package versions in a while: https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-docs/network/dependencies.

This PR aims to tackle outdated dependencies of babel, html-webpack-plugin and svg-url-loader.

html-webpack-inline-source-plugin was also EOL, so I replaced it with the very similar html-inline-script-webpack-plugin as per guidance from the README.

Checklist

• [x] I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• [x] I have signed the CLA
• [x] I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• [x] I have opened an issue to add/update docs, or docs changes are not required/relevant for this PR
• [x] I have run changie new to create a changelog entry

[github-actions[bot]]

Thank you for your pull request! We could not find a changelog entry for this change. For details on how to document a change, see the contributing guide.

[aranke]

🎩 locally with internal-analytics artifacts was successful

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