Standardize the adapter for core debug changes

[VersusFacit]

PR to bring adapter in parity with this core PR.

I confirmed this debug_query does work. But, _connection_keys does not. I think we need to filter what params make it to the connection phase in core. That requires further scoping. After this is merged, I'll make a followup option.

Checklist

• [X] I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• [X] I have signed the CLA
• [X] I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• [X] This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
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[VersusFacit]

Now includes test cases (fixes or skips) to get things passing on main tomorrow ahead of the release.

But I can't give you all the connection keys because: 07:11:20 ('07002', '[07002] [Simba][ODBC] (10690) Expected descriptor record does not exist during query execution. (10690) (SQLExecDirectW)'). This will take some investigation/filtering(?) in core.