feat: Add settings digest to network-id file

[ericswanson-dfinity]

Description

Sometime CI tests need to look at replica internals, and this will make that easier.

Fixes https://dfinity.atlassian.net/browse/SDK-1791

How Has This Been Tested?

Added an e2e test

Checklist:

• [x] The title of this PR complies with Conventional Commits.
• [x] I have edited the CHANGELOG accordingly.
• [ ] I have made corresponding changes to the documentation.