Compose volume `subpath:` option fails with `invalid mode`

Description

When a compose project service uses a volume with the subpath: option as documented, the service fails with a confusing invalid mode error.

Reproduce

Create the following compose project:

# mkdir -pv /tmp/foo/qux
mkdir: created directory '/tmp/foo'
mkdir: created directory '/tmp/foo/qux'
# touch /tmp/foo/qux/bah.txt
# cat /tmp/foo/docker-compose.yml
volumes:

  foo_volume:
    driver: "local"
    driver_opts:
      type: "none"
      o: "bind"
      device: "/tmp/foo"

services:

  bar-service:
    image: "ubuntu"
    command: "ls -alR /tmp/foo/"
    volumes:
      - type: "volume"
        source: "foo_volume"
        target: "/tmp/foo"
        volume:
          subpath: "qux"

Note the resulting error when run:

# docker compose down --remove-orphans -v && docker compose up
[+] Running 3/3
 ✔ Container foo-bar_service-1  Removed                                                                                                                                                  0.1s
 ✔ Volume foo_foo_volume        Removed                                                                                                                                                  0.0s
 ✔ Network foo_default          Removed                                                                                                                                                  0.9s
[+] Running 2/3
 ✔ Network foo_default          Created                                                                                                                                                  0.3s
 ✔ Volume "foo_foo_volume"      Created                                                                                                                                                  0.1s
 ⠼ Container foo-bar-service-1  Creating                                                                                                                                                 0.3s
Error response from daemon: invalid mode: rw,qux

Expected behavior

The subpath from the volume should be mounted inside the serive's container.

docker version

Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           26.1.3
 API version:       1.45
 Go version:        go1.21.10
 Git commit:        b72abbb
 Built:             Thu May 16 08:33:29 2024
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          26.1.3
  API version:      1.45 (minimum version 1.24)
  Go version:       go1.21.10
  Git commit:       8e96db1
  Built:            Thu May 16 08:33:29 2024
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.32
  GitCommit:        8b3b7ca2e5ce38e8f31a34f35b2b68ceb8470d89
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.12
  GitCommit:        v1.1.12-0-g51d5e94
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

docker info

# docker info >./docker-info.log
WARNING: No blkio throttle.read_bps_device support
WARNING: No blkio throttle.write_bps_device support
WARNING: No blkio throttle.read_iops_device support
WARNING: No blkio throttle.write_iops_device support
# cat ./docker-info.log
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:    26.1.3
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v0.14.0
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
  compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v2.27.0
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose

Server:
 Containers: 34
  Running: 33
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 1
 Images: 38
 Server Version: 26.1.3
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Using metacopy: false
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 nvidia runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 8b3b7ca2e5ce38e8f31a34f35b2b68ceb8470d89
 runc version: v1.1.12-0-g51d5e94
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: builtin
 Kernel Version: 5.15.153.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2
 Operating System: Pop!_OS 22.04 LTS
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 8
 Total Memory: 31.31GiB
 Name: library.moodysalonnet
 ID: 930e1cc3-4d06-44a2-828b-b203b25ad7a9
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

Diagnostics ID

N/A

Additional Info

No *diagnose* tool is available from this installation:

# aptitude search -F '%p' ~i~ndocker
docker-buildx-plugin
docker-ce
docker-ce-cli
docker-ce-rootless-extras
docker-compose-plugin
nvidia-docker2
# aptitude search -F '%p' '~i~ndocker' | xargs -d '\n' -- dpkg -L | grep 'diagnose'

docker / desktop-linux

Compose volume `subpath:` option fails with `invalid mode` #222