[cdac] .NET10: Implement DAC APIs used by CLRMA

[lambdageek]

See DAC interfaces used by CLRMA in the diagnostics repo.

This is a follow-up to #99302, contributes to #99298

• [x] APIs added as part of !PrintException support
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetUsefulGlobals()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetThreadStoreData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetThreadData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetNestedExceptionData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetObjectData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface2::GetObjectExceptionData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetMethodTableName()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetMethodTableData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetObjectStringData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetMethodDescName()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetModuleData()
  • [x] ISOSDacInterface::GetPEFileName()
• [ ] Complete GetMethodDescData
  • [x] #106413
  • [x] #108685
  • [ ] https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/109021
  • [ ] #109030
  • [ ] finish PrecodeStubs, RuntimeTypeSystem contracts and SOSDacImpl::GetMethodDescData
  • [ ] ReadyToRun support
  • [ ] Other missing codepaths
  • [ ] ISOSDacInterface::GetMethodDescPtrFromIP()
• [x] https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/108450
• [ ] cdac IXCLRDataModule implementation: Module name fallback if debugger and GetPEFileName() can't get the name.
  • [ ] ISOSDacInterface::GetModule() - https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/109133
  • [ ] IXCLRDataModule::GetFileName() - https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/109133
• [ ] Managed stack walking
  • [ ] IXCLRDataProcess::GetTaskByOSThreadID()
  • [ ] IXCLRDataTask::CreateStackWalk()
  • [ ] IXCLRDataStackWalk::Request(DACSTACKPRIV_REQUEST_FRAME_DATA, ...)
  • [ ] IXCLRDataStackWalk::GetContext()
  • [ ] IXCLRDataStackWalk::Next()

A related issue is #108720 tracking the work to deploy cdac with SOS

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