CertificateRequest: when ECDSA named curve is unrecognized, confusing exception raised

Description

When an ECDSA named curve is unrecognized, CertificateRequest.CreateSelfSigned(...) raises a confusing exception.

This is similar in confusing-ness to https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/42751, though @vcsjones thinks this is actually related to https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/61767.

Reproduction Steps

Run the following program:

using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

internal static class Program
{
    private static void Main()
    {
        ECCurve ecCurve = ECCurve.CreateFromFriendlyName("nistp256");

        using (ECDsa ecDsa = ECDsa.Create(ecCurve))
        {
            CertificateRequest request = new("CN=test", ecDsa, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256);

            request.CertificateExtensions.Add(new X509KeyUsageExtension(X509KeyUsageFlags.DigitalSignature | X509KeyUsageFlags.KeyCertSign, critical: true));
            request.CreateSelfSigned(DateTimeOffset.Now, DateTimeOffset.Now.AddMinutes(1));
        }
    }
}

Expected behavior

An exception indicating that an ECCurve with the name nistp256 could not be found.

Actual behavior

A confusing exception:

System.ArgumentException
  HResult=0x80070057
  Message=The provided key does not match the public key for this certificate. (Parameter 'privateKey')
  Source=System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
  StackTrace:
   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.ECDsaCertificateExtensions.CopyWithPrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate, ECDsa privateKey) in /_/src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates/src/System/Security/Cryptography/X509Certificates/ECDsaCertificateExtensions.cs:line 49
   at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.CertificateRequest.CreateSelfSigned(DateTimeOffset notBefore, DateTimeOffset notAfter) in /_/src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates/src/System/Security/Cryptography/X509Certificates/CertificateRequest.cs:line 332
   at Program.Main() in E:\throwaway\ConsoleApp7\Program.cs:line 15

Regression?

No response

Known Workarounds

Use proper casing with the named curve (e.g.: nistP256 not nistp256).

Configuration

.NET SDK:
 Version:   7.0.100-preview.6.22352.1
 Commit:    492644e08e

Runtime Environment:
 OS Name:     Windows
 OS Version:  10.0.19044
 OS Platform: Windows
 RID:         win10-x64
 Base Path:   C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.100-preview.6.22352.1\

Host:
  Version:      7.0.0-preview.6.22324.4
  Architecture: x64
  Commit:       d3fa592f6d

.NET SDKs installed:
  2.1.818 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  3.0.103 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  3.1.421 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  5.0.214 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  5.0.408 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  6.0.100-preview.5.21302.13 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  6.0.302 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  6.0.400-preview.22330.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  7.0.100-preview.6.22352.1 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

.NET runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.30 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.30 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.0.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.21 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.0-alpha1.19530.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.0-preview.5.21301.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 7.0.0-preview.6.22330.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.30 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.0.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.21 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.0-alpha1.19528.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.0-preview.5.21301.5 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 7.0.0-preview.6.22324.4 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.0.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.21 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.0-alpha1.19530.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.0-preview.5.21301.4 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]
  Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 7.0.0-preview.6.22351.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]

Other architectures found:
  arm64 [C:\Program Files\dotnet]
    registered at [HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\arm64\InstallLocation]
  x86   [C:\Program Files (x86)\dotnet]
    registered at [HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x86\InstallLocation]

Environment variables:
  Not set

global.json file:
  Not found

Learn more:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet/info

Download .NET:
  https://aka.ms/dotnet/download

Other information

It was suggested that I use the property ECCurve.NamedCurves.nistP256 instead:

ECCurve ecCurve = ECCurve.NamedCurves.nistP256;

Good feedback. However, I hit this because the curve name was being passed via CLI argument. This is why I used ECCurve.CreateFromFriendlyName(...) instead.

I couldn't figure out the best area label to add to this issue. If you have write-permissions please help me learn by adding exactly one area label.

Tagging subscribers to this area: @dotnet/area-system-security, @vcsjones See info in area-owners.md if you want to be subscribed.

Issue Details

### Description When an ECDSA named curve is unrecognized, `CertificateRequest.CreateSelfSigned(...)` raises a confusing exception. This is similar in confusing-ness to https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/42751, though @vcsjones thinks this is actually related to https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/61767. ### Reproduction Steps Run the following program: ```C# using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates; using System.Security.Cryptography; internal static class Program { private static void Main() { ECCurve ecCurve = ECCurve.CreateFromFriendlyName("nistp256"); using (ECDsa ecDsa = ECDsa.Create(ecCurve)) { CertificateRequest request = new("CN=test", ecDsa, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256); request.CertificateExtensions.Add(new X509KeyUsageExtension(X509KeyUsageFlags.DigitalSignature | X509KeyUsageFlags.KeyCertSign, critical: true)); request.CreateSelfSigned(DateTimeOffset.Now, DateTimeOffset.Now.AddMinutes(1)); } } } ``` ### Expected behavior An exception indicating that an `ECCurve` with the name `nistp256` could not be found. ### Actual behavior A confusing exception: ```text System.ArgumentException HResult=0x80070057 Message=The provided key does not match the public key for this certificate. (Parameter 'privateKey') Source=System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates StackTrace: at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.ECDsaCertificateExtensions.CopyWithPrivateKey(X509Certificate2 certificate, ECDsa privateKey) in /_/src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates/src/System/Security/Cryptography/X509Certificates/ECDsaCertificateExtensions.cs:line 49 at System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.CertificateRequest.CreateSelfSigned(DateTimeOffset notBefore, DateTimeOffset notAfter) in /_/src/libraries/System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates/src/System/Security/Cryptography/X509Certificates/CertificateRequest.cs:line 332 at Program.Main() in E:\throwaway\ConsoleApp7\Program.cs:line 15 ``` ### Regression? _No response_ ### Known Workarounds Use proper casing with the named curve (e.g.: `nistP256` not `nistp256`). ### Configuration ```text .NET SDK: Version: 7.0.100-preview.6.22352.1 Commit: 492644e08e Runtime Environment: OS Name: Windows OS Version: 10.0.19044 OS Platform: Windows RID: win10-x64 Base Path: C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\7.0.100-preview.6.22352.1\ Host: Version: 7.0.0-preview.6.22324.4 Architecture: x64 Commit: d3fa592f6d .NET SDKs installed: 2.1.818 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 3.0.103 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 3.1.421 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 5.0.214 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 5.0.408 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 6.0.100-preview.5.21302.13 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 6.0.302 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 6.0.400-preview.22330.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] 7.0.100-preview.6.22352.1 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk] .NET runtimes installed: Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All] Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.30 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.30 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.0.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.21 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.0-alpha1.19530.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.0-preview.5.21301.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 6.0.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 7.0.0-preview.6.22330.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.30 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.0.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.21 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.0-alpha1.19528.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.0-preview.5.21301.5 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 6.0.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.NETCore.App 7.0.0-preview.6.22324.4 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.0.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.21 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.27 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.0-alpha1.19530.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.12 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.17 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.0-preview.5.21301.4 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 6.0.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 7.0.0-preview.6.22351.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App] Other architectures found: arm64 [C:\Program Files\dotnet] registered at [HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\arm64\InstallLocation] x86 [C:\Program Files (x86)\dotnet] registered at [HKLM\SOFTWARE\dotnet\Setup\InstalledVersions\x86\InstallLocation] Environment variables: Not set global.json file: Not found Learn more: https://aka.ms/dotnet/info Download .NET: https://aka.ms/dotnet/download ``` ### Other information It was suggested that I use the property `ECCurve.NamedCurves.nistP256` instead: ```C# ECCurve ecCurve = ECCurve.NamedCurves.nistP256; ``` Good feedback. However, I hit this because the curve name was being passed via CLI argument. This is why I used `ECCurve.CreateFromFriendlyName(...)` instead.

Author:	dtivel
Assignees:	-
Labels:	`area-System.Security`, `untriaged`
Milestone:	-

Yeah, the curve name here is case sensitive, but only on Windows.

I hit this because the curve name was being passed via CLI argument.

My 2 cents here, but I would not blindly take the curve name from user input and feed it directly in to curve construction. The list of curves should be tightened to desired / supported curves. This is to make sure not only that strong curves are used, but also are limited to curves that are supported by all platforms.

I guess we can change the ECCurve matcher to match FriendlyName (Windows) with case insensitive.

It'll probably be a different bug one day, where something curve123 and Curve123 are from different groups and actually are different curves... but until then I guess this is the muck we get to live in because Windows identifies curves by friendly names instead of OIDs.

Since it's an issue in existing versions, we've not already promised it for this release, and we're basically out of runway... vNext.

My 2 cents here, but I would not blindly take the curve name from user input and feed it directly in to curve construction.

Yeah, that, too :smile:

Also, if the curve name is entirely unrecognized there's probably a more clear error. This is "when it has different casing than Windows' canonical representation"

dotnet / runtime