Assignment 03 -- Journal introduction and examples

[dudung]

• Study the slides (30 mins)
  • Journal: Pendahuluan
  • Example: Machine Learning for species identification
• Attend the lecture. (1 hour)
• Write your 10 keywords. (30 mins)
  • Report them here.
• Find 10 references for you introduction. (1 hours)
  • Report them here with APA citation style.
• Make summary of the references, 1 paragraph for 1 reference. (2 hours)
  • Report all the paragraphs here with the related references for each.
• Create an introduction using the 10 references with proper citation (1 hours)
  • Put link to your PDF hosted on OSF (make sure you set it public).

[tamibachrurozy]

Tami Bachrurozy 28722002

1. Keywords: Hydrogen production, renewable energy, Bipolar membrane, seawater electrolysis, direct seawater electrolysis, heterogeneous ion exchange membrane, heterogeneous bipolar membrane, TiO2 nanoparticles, ZnO nanoparticles, high-performance water electrolysis.
2. References: Adisasmito, S., Khoiruddin, K., Sutrisna, P. D., Wenten, I. G., & Siagian, U. W. R. (2024). Bipolar Membrane Seawater Splitting for Hydrogen Production: A Review. ACS Omega, 9(13), 14704–14727. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c09205

Chakik, F. E., Kaddami, M., & Mikou, M. (2017). Effect of operating parameters on hydrogen production by electrolysis of water. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(40), 25550–25557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.015

Daud, S. N. S. S., Norddin, M. N. A. M., Jaafar, J., & Sudirman, R. (2021). Development of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/polyethersulfone ‐ crosslinked quaternary ammonium poly(ether ether ketone) bipolar membrane electrolyte via HOT‐PRESS approach for hydrogen/oxygen fuel cell. International Journal of Energy Research, 45(6), 9210–9228. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.6453

Dincer, I., & Acar, C. (2015). Review and evaluation of hydrogen production methods for better sustainability. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40(34), 11094–11111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.12.035

Hong, E., Yang, Z., Zeng, H., Gao, L., & Yang, C. (2024). Recent Development and Challenges of Bipolar Membranes for High Performance Water Electrolysis. ACS Materials Letters, 6(5), 1623–1648. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01227

Ishaq, H., Dincer, I., & Crawford, C. (2022). A review on hydrogen production and utilization: Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 47(62), 26238–26264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.11.149

Marin, D. H., Perryman, J. T., Hubert, M. A., Lindquist, G. A., Chen, L., Aleman, A. M., Kamat, G. A., Niemann, V. A., Stevens, M. B., Regmi, Y. N., Boettcher, S. W., Nielander, A. C., & Jaramillo, T. F. (2023). Hydrogen production with seawater-resilient bipolar membrane electrolyzers. Joule, 7(4), 765–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2023.03.005

Nikolaidis, P., & Poullikkas, A. (2017). A comparative overview of hydrogen production processes. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 67, 597–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.044

Wang, J., Liu, P., Wang, S., Han, W., Wang, X., & Fu, X. (2007). Nanocrystalline zinc oxide in perfluorinated ionomer membranes: Preparation, characterization, and photocatalytic properties. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, 273(1–2), 21–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2007.03.062

Wang, S., Lu, A., & Zhong, C.-J. (2021). Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: Role of catalysts. Nano Convergence, 8(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s40580-021-00254-x

3. Summary

The paper emphasizes the importance of transitioning to clean energy sources due to the limitations of fossil fuels, highlighting hydrogen as a promising alternative with zero emissions upon combustion. Conventional hydrogen production methods contribute to CO2 emissions, prompting the exploration of environmentally friendly alternatives like seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production. Researchers have focused on utilizing bipolar membranes (BPMs) to enhance seawater electrolysis efficiency by creating two distinct pH environments, facilitating water dissociation, and improving overall system efficiency. The study reviews recent advancements in BPM synthesis, challenges faced in seawater electrolysis, and strategies to optimize water dissociation in BPMs for sustainable hydrogen production from seawater. BPM electrolyzers show promise for seawater electrolysis, offering advantages in stability, efficiency, and long-term performance over other membrane systems electrolysis (Adisasmito et al., 2024).

This study investigates the production of hydrogen through alkaline water electrolysis using various zinc-based binary alloys as cathode materials. The experiments evaluate the influence of operating parameters, including electrode composition, electrolyte concentration, voltage, and amperage on hydrogen yield. The results identify (Zn95%Cr5%) and (Zn90%Cr10%) alloys as the most efficient in hydrogen generation, achieving efficiencies up to 99.13% and 97.66%, respectively, at optimal conditions. (Chakik et al., 2017).

This document presents the development of a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) and polyethersulfone (PES)-crosslinked quaternary ammonium poly(ether ether ketone) (cQAPEEK) bipolar membrane electrolyte using a hot-press methodology aimed for hydrogen/oxygen fuel cell applications. The study optimized hot-pressing conditions through response surface methodology (RSM), leading to an optimal temperature of 120 °C and pressure of 3 tonnes/square inch, which facilitated enhanced ionic conductivity and adhesion between the electrolytes. The resulting sPEEK/PES-cQAPEEK bipolar membrane (BPM) demonstrated a peak power density of 51.51 mW cm−2, comparable to commercial standards, indicating significant potential in fuel cell technologies. AEL (Daud et al., 2021),

This document reviews various hydrogen production methods, evaluating them based on sustainability metrics such as environmental impact, cost, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency. The study highlights that photonic energy-based methods, including photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis, are the most environmentally friendly, whereas fossil fuel reforming and biomass gasification excel in energy and exergy efficiency. The need for advancements in production cost and efficiency for solar-based hydrogen methods is emphasized, revealing hybrid thermochemical cycles as promising candidates for sustainable hydrogen production. (Dincer & Acar, 2015).

The paper discusses the importance of hydrogen as an ideal energy carrier for green hydrogen production through water electrolysis, highlighting the current technologies for hydrogen production and the need to shift towards renewable energy sources. It emphasizes the role of bipolar membranes (BPMs) in enabling hydrogen production in acids and oxygen evolution in alkalis, showcasing their potential applications in water electrolysis systems. The paper explores the efficiency and benefits of using water electrolysis for hydrogen production, particularly in synergy with renewable energy sources, to achieve clean and high-purity green hydrogen with zero CO2 emissions. The challenges and advantages of bipolar membranes are discussed, focusing on the critical aspects such as ionic conductivity, ion exchange capacity, and the importance of maintaining high ionic selectivity for optimal membrane performance in water electrolysis. (Hong et al., 2024)

This document reviews the current state of hydrogen production and utilization, emphasizing the need for transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy solutions. It highlights various production methods including green, blue, and purple hydrogen, while addressing the challenges and opportunities in hydrogen storage, transportation, and distribution. Furthermore, the paper provides a comparative assessment of different hydrogen production systems based on design, cost, greenhouse gas potential, infrastructure, and efficiency, showcasing hydrogen's potential to decarbonize various sectors and support a sustainable energy future. (Ishaq et al., 2022)

The paper discusses the fabrication and testing of electrolyzers using bipolar membranes for water electrolysis, focusing on the importance of membrane design and electrode interfaces in enhancing performance and selectivity. It details the preparation of anodes and cathodes for bipolar membrane water electrolyzers, highlighting the catalyst ink composition and spraying methodology for optimal electrode performance. The study investigates ion transport dynamics in membrane electrolyzers, comparing Cl and Na crossover rates between bipolar and proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers, emphasizing the role of Donnan exclusion effects and membrane transport selectivity. The research evaluates the performance of bipolar membrane water electrolyzers in real seawater conditions, showcasing the advantages in mitigating free chlorine generation and maintaining stability during extended electrolysis periods. Overall, the paper contributes to the understanding of impure water electrolysis technologies, highlighting the potential for efficient and durable hydrogen production using bipolar membrane systems. (Marin et al., 2023)

This document reviews the current state of hydrogen production and utilization, emphasizing the need for transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy solutions. It highlights various production methods including green, blue, and purple hydrogen, while addressing the challenges and opportunities in hydrogen storage, transportation, and distribution. Furthermore, the paper provides a comparative assessment of different hydrogen production systems based on design, cost, greenhouse gas potential, infrastructure, and efficiency, showcasing hydrogen's potential to decarbonize various sectors and support a sustainable energy future. (Nikolaidis & Poullikkas, 2017)

The study presents the synthesis and characteristics of nanocrystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles embedded in perfluorinated ionomer (Nafion) membranes, utilizing a templating method that enhances their photocatalytic capabilities. The resultant ZnO-Nafion film demonstrated exceptional stability and photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine B under ultraviolet (UV) light, significantly outperforming unprotected bulk ZnO due to its resistance against photocorrosion. This work underscores the potential of ZnO-Nafion composites for practical photocatalytic applications. (Wang et al., 2007)

The document provides an extensive review of hydrogen production through water electrolysis, emphasizing the pivotal role of catalysts in enhancing the efficiency of this process. It discusses various types of electrocatalysts, including both noble and non-noble metals, highlighting their performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Additionally, recent advancements in the design and development of nanostructured electrocatalysts, along with insights into their mechanisms and future challenges for large-scale applications, are thoroughly examined. (S. Wang et al., 2021)

4. Introduction: https://osf.io/83bdx