Add Windows + Docker build to CI

[jacobdr]

Reproduction for #316

• Add caching of the pip install of developer dependencies to speed up CI
• Add a windows build to CI (in docker and outside)
• Add a linux matrix (without alpine)

[jacobdr]

@ekalinin the reproduction of the issue appears to only manifest in docker as far as I can tell -- see this build in my fork

I expanded the test matrix on regular windows and seems to work fine

Let me know if you want me to reduce the scope of this PR at all. It will increase build times slightly, but its very marginal and gives a much bigger matrix of tests

[ekalinin]

Looks like outdated. Thank anyway! Please, reopen the issue, if you would like to continue.