Check file formatting during build

This PR adds an extra step to the CI to check that all files are formatted accordingly with .editorconfig.

I had to update the Visual Studio image to something more modern to make the tool work.

Types of changes

[ ] Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
[ ] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
[ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
[x] I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
[ ] My code follows the code style of this project.
[ ] My change requires a change to the documentation.
[ ] I have updated the documentation accordingly.
[ ] I have added tests to cover my changes.
[x] All new and existing tests passed.