[Go] Implement new Concept Exercise: basics

[tehsphinx]

TODO: only tests left to implement. See comment below.

This issue describes how to implement the basics concept exercise for the Go track.

Getting started

Please please please read the docs before starting. Posting PRs without reading these docs will be a lot more frustrating for you during the review cycle, and exhaust Exercism's maintainers' time. So, before diving into the implementation, please read up on the following documents:

• The features of v3.
• Rationale for v3.
• What are concept exercise and how they are structured?

Please also watch the following video:

• The Anatomy of a Concept Exercise.

Goal

The goal of this exercise is to teach the student the basics of programming in Go.

Learning objectives

• Know what a package is.
• Know about the package declaration.
• Know what a variable is.
• Know how to define a variable.
• Know how to update a variable.
• Know how to use type inference for variables.
• Know how to define a function.
• Know how to return a value from a function.
• Know how to call a function.
• Know how to export a function.
• Know how to define an integer.
• Know how to use mathematical operators on integers.
• Know how to define single- and multiline comments.

Out of scope

• Naming rules for identifiers.
• Methods and other function usages.
• Memory and performance characteristics.
• Variadic parameters.
• Named return values.

Concepts

The Concepts this exercise unlocks are:

• basics: know what a package is. know about the package declaration. know how to import other packages. know what a variable is. know how to define a variable. know how to update a variable. know how to use type inference for variables. know how to define a function. know how to return a value from a function. know how to call a function. know how to export a function. know how to define an integer. know how to use mathematical operators on integers. know how to define single- and multiline comments.

Prequisites

There are no prerequisites.

Representer

This exercise does not require any specific representation logic to be added to the representer.

Analyzer

This exercise could benefit from the following rules added to the analyzer:

• Verify that the RemainingOvenTime() function calls the OvenTime() function.
• Verify that the TotalTime() function calls the PreparationTime() function.

[tehsphinx]

All that is left to do is implement the tests. The cases to test can be taken from the C# exercise: https://github.com/exercism/v3/blob/master/languages/csharp/exercises/concept/basics/BasicsTests.cs

[oanaOM]

@tehsphinx I can help with the tests. I've open a PR #1478 hopefully they are ok.

[oanaOM]

@tehsphinx I think this everything is setup here, right?

[tehsphinx]

@oanaOM correct. I will close it. Thx!