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Thor / Delta & Vanguard Update #23

Closed friznit closed 3 years ago

friznit commented 5 years ago

Thor

Derived from the PGM-17 Thor intermediate-range ballistic missile, the Thor (BDB Fenris) rocket was the first in a family of space launch vehicles that evolved through four major iterations. Thor-Delta (BDB Daleth) was so-named because it was the fourth Thor-based space launch vehicle after Thor Able, Thor Able-Star, and Thor Agena and eventually the whole rocket came to be known as just Delta. The last derivative of Thor was finally retired in 2018.

There are a huge number of variants as the rocket is continuously upgraded over time with stretched fuel tanks, new engines, upper stages and solid rocket boosters. Most parts have Variant Part Switches in the Part Action Window and the correct variant to select is indicated in parentheses in the build guides.

Fuel Tanks

Structural Adapters/Interstages

Thor

The fuel volume of the Fenris-Alpha fuel tank should be set to "Able" or "Delta" respectively. The optional "Stock" setting matches standard stock fuel levels for this size of tank but may imbalance rocket performance.

image

Tags: Fenris

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Thor Able LR79-NA11 (with 4x fins) Fenris-LCE Structural Adapter + Fenris-SIF Interstage (Able Config); Alpha Upper Stage
Thor Able-Star LR79-NA11 Fenris-MCA Structural Adapter + Fenris-SSI Interstage; Alphastar Upper Stage
Thor Burner 2 LR79-NA11 Staara 37B + 3-Axis Control Staara 26B (Burner 2A)
Thor Agena-A LR79-NA11 Belle-A Interstage; Belle-A Upper Stage
Thor Agena-B/D LR79-NA11 Fenris-MCA Structural Adapter + Belle Interstage; Belle-B/D Upper Stage
Thor-Agena B/D (TAT) LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 1 Fenris-MCA Structural Adapter + Belle Interstage; Belle-B/D Upper Stage

Thor Able Build Guide

Thor-Able rocket. Thor-Delta (which came to be known as simply Delta) is a similar build except the upper stage uses the longer Fenris Alpha II 120 Liquid Fuel Tank and Fenris Alpha Interstage with the part switch set to 'Delta'.

Delta

Originally called Thor-Delta because the upper stage was the fourth iteration after Able, Able-Star and Agena, the rocket soon became known simply as Delta to distinguish it from the USAF programme that continued to develop Thor.

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Delta LR79-NA11 with fins Fenris-LCE Structural Adapter + Fenris-SIF Interstage (Delta Config); Alpha Upper Stage Staara-20-IIA SRM (Optional)
Delta A LR79-NA11 Fenris-MCA Structural Adapter + Fenris-SIF Interstage (Delta Config); Alpha Upper Stage Staara-20-IIA SRM (Optional)
Delta B/C/C1 LR79-NA11 Same as Delta A but with Daleth B Upper Stage Staara-20-IIA SRM (Optional)
Delta D (TAD) LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 1 Same as Delta B Staara-20-IIA SRM (Optional)
Delta E (TAID) LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 1 Fenris-MCA Structural Adapter + Fenris-SSI Interstage; Daleth E Upper Stage Staara-20-IIA SRM
Delta G (TAID) LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 1 No upper stage
Delta J (TAID) LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 1 Same as Delta E Staara-37DV

Delta B E Adapters

Long Tank Thor

While the USAF continued development on Thor Advanced (Thorad), NASA benefited by using the new technology in their parallel Delta programme. Delta L, M & N all use the Delta E upper stage and either Star-20, Star-37B or no SRM respectively. The thrust augmented Delta M6 and N6 dubbed "Super Six" adds six Castor 2 SRBs. Although the naming convention changed from lettering to a numerical designation, the 100-series are essentially the same rocket with an upgraded Delta F upper stage. Concept studies also looked at using a cryogenic Hydrogen Oxygen Secondary Stage (HOSS), a precursor to the Centaur.

Delta 904 Sketch

Delta 904

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Thorad-Agena SLV-2G LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 2 Belle Interstage; Belle-D Upper Stage
Delta L LR79-NA13 Daleth E Upper Stage Staara-20-IIA SRM
Delta M LR79-NA13 Daleth E Upper Stage Staara-37B (Burner 2)
Delta N LR79-NA13 Daleth E Upper Stage
Delta M6, N6 "Super Six" LR79-NA13 6x Dioscuri 2 Daleth E Upper Stage
Delta 300/900 LR79-NA13 3/9x Dioscuri 2 Daleth F Upper Stage
Delta M HOSS LR79-NA13 3x Dioscuri 1 or Algol II + 3/6x Dioscuri 2 Daleth-K Interstage (Short); CUSS Upper Stage

Agena D   HOSS Adapters

Extended Long Tank Thor

Delta 1000 series combines an extended first stage tank with a new Delta P second stage and an 8-foot diameter payload fairing giving it the nickname "Straight-Eight." Later variants of ELTT introduce the RS27 engine, Delta K second stage and upgraded Castor IV Solid Rocket Boosters. Refer to the Delta numbering scheme for details of the naming convention. The 2000 series onwards started to introduce the distinctive blue colour to the rocket.

Delta 3920 PAM-D Sketch

Delta 3920 PAM-D

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Delta 1910 'Straight Eight' LR79-NA13 9x Dioscuri 2 Daleth P
Delta 2914 RS-27 9x Dioscuri 2 Daleth P Staara-37D
Delta 3920 PAM-D RS-27 9x Dioscuri 4 Daleth K Staara-48B PAM-D
Delta 4000 series LR79-NA13 Dioscuri 4A Daleth K Staara-48B
Delta 5000 series RS-27 Dioscuri 4A DalethK

Delta II (Extra Extended Long Tank Thor)

Delta II stretches the main tank even further with an uprated RS-27A engine. The 7000 series employs the more powerful GEM-40 boosters or GEM-46 for the 'Heavy' variant.

Delta II-7925

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Delta 6920 RS-27A 9x Dioscuri 4A Daleth K
Delta 7925H RS-27A 9x GEM-46 Daleth K Staara-48B

Delta III

Delta III accommodates bigger and heavier satellites by replacing both lower-performance upper stages with a single cryogenic secondary stage. The first stage upper tank is widened and shortened to keep the overall height down.

Delta III-8940 Sketch

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Delta 8000 RS-27A 9x GEM46 DCSS RL10B-2

Delta IV

Delta IV uses a Delta Cryogenic Secondary Stage on top of a widened 5m (3.125m KSP) Common Booster Core (CBC) powered by an RS-68 cryogenic engine. The Delta IV Small proposition would have used a single CBC, a Delta II second stage and an optional Star 48B third stage inside a Delta II payload fairing. Delta IV Medium (technically Delta 9040) has a modified Delta III second stage topped by a 4m or 5m fairing and adds 2, 4 or 8x GEM-60 SRBs on the Delta IV Medium+. Delta IV Heavy (Delta 9250H) uses 2 strap on CBC's in place of the SRB's.

Variants First Stage Boosters Second Stage Third Stage
Delta IV M RS-68 DCSS-4 RL10B-2
Delta IV M+ (4,2) RS-68A 2x GEM-60 DCSS-4 RL10B-2
Delta IV M+ (5,4) RS-68A 4x GEM-60 DCSS-5 RL10B-2
Delta IV H RS-68A 2x CBC DCSS-5 RL10B-2

Place the radial decouplers in 2x symmetry then add the CBC's individually so the raceways and pipes all face the same way. Switch on the side node on the Upper Liquid Fuel Tank to attach it to the decoupler.

front_Delta IV H_1

Delta IV Pencil

Delta IV M, Delta IV M+ (5,2) & Delta IV H

CobaltWolf commented 4 years ago

Upper stages:

Agena D HDA 8096B 8096C

http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_2/United_States_4/Agena/index.htm

image

CobaltWolf commented 4 years ago

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friznit commented 4 years ago

Builds Guides Thor Delta

LTT

ELTT

Upper Stages

Blueprints

friznit commented 4 years ago

ETS Things ETS Centaur E == Centaur T == Centaur G'

Delta 4000 = 1.875m core; 0-12x Castor IV; 3x H-1D; Centaur D Delta 5000 = above but GEM-40

friznit commented 4 years ago

Thor Able Build Guide Thor-Able. Thor-Delta is a similar build except the upper stage uses the longer Thor Able II 120 Liquid Fuel Tank and the Thor Able Interstage part switch is set to Delta.

Delta B E Adapters

Agena D   HOSS Adapters

Delta 904 Sketch

Delta 904

front_Delta 1910 OSO8_1

Delta 1910 OSO8 (1975)

Delta 3920 PAM-D

Delta 3920 PAM-D

image

Keyhole Evolution

friznit commented 4 years ago

Able-Delta-Delta B Upper Stage

Able/Delta & Delta B Technically the left is a Delta upper stage as it has the integrated RCS.

Ablestar Upper Stage

Able-Star

Delta E-F Upper Stage

Delta E & F

Delta P-K Upper Stage

Delta P & K

Agena Upper Stages

Agena A, B & D (later variants of Agena B also use 8096 Engine)

front_Agena SOTS Upper Stage_1

Shuttle/Agena Upper Stage (Agena SOT) was a concept study for a re-usable space tug on the Shuttle. Take an Agena D, add 6 to 8 strap-on drop tanks (SOT), a modified engine and a helical antenna for long range comms.

HOSS Upper Stage

HOSS Hydrogen Oxygen Second Stage considered for Delta M upgrade with combinations of different SRBs (3x Castor 1 or Algol II plus 3/6x Castor 2); 0.938m or 1.875m fairing (from Titan 23C).

friznit commented 4 years ago

Vanguard Vanguard TV-3 (Test Vehicle 3) = launch failed Vanguard 1 (TV-4; Star 20 GC 33-KS-2800 Config) = Easton-V1 "Narly" Probe Core Vanguard 2 (SLV-4) = Easton-V2 "Narly" Probe Core Vanguard 3 (SLV-7; Star 20 X-248 Config) = Easton-V3 "Narly" Probe Core

Launch Vehicle First Stage Second Stage
Vanguard TV-3 Staara-20-II-A SRM (33-KS-2800 Config)
Vanguard TV-4 Staara-20
Vanguard SLV-4 Staara-20
Vanguard TV-7 Staara-20 (X-248 Config)

Vanguard SLV-7

CobaltWolf commented 4 years ago

Vanguard should use the black second stage

friznit commented 4 years ago

Vanguard should use the black second stage

This is SLV-7 with Vanguard 3 - the SLV's from 5+ had a white second stage. Image reference here

CobaltWolf commented 4 years ago

Good catch then - I've been assuming that people were most interested in the TV-4 since that was the first successful launch. Good to know the rest of the paint schemes are buildable.

Morphisor244 commented 4 years ago

Vanguard is supposed to use a spin decoupler, but it's not shown in the diagram?

friznit commented 4 years ago

Vanguard is supposed to use a spin decoupler, but it's not shown in the diagram?

There are no decouplers at all in the diagram (hopefully it should be pretty obvious they're needed). Sadly the spin decoupler doesn't work as intended in game and afaik won't be added to the release because it'd require some level of programming to do properly. So to avoid confusion I've not included it in any build guides.

Morphisor244 commented 4 years ago

Minor nitpick: the Vanguard diagram shows the Staara-20 in X-258 config, which is incorrect. It should either be the initial Grand Central config or the X-248 config (vanguard 3 only).

zorg2044 commented 4 years ago

Oh also worth noting the spin decouplers all work now.

friznit commented 4 years ago

Added to the To Do list!

JoeSheridan2 commented 4 years ago

ETS Things ETS Centaur E == Centaur T == Centaur G'

Delta 4000 = 1.875m core; 0-12x Castor IV; 3x H-1D; Centaur D Delta 5000 = above but GEM-40

I have looked onto the technical data for the ETS Delta 5000 series: https://www.alternatehistory.com/wiki/doku.php?id=timelines:eyes_turned_skyward_spacecraft_and_launch_vehicle_technical_data and when i compare it with the GEM-Motor-Series i see that the GEM-46 fits better than the GEM 40´s.... but even they are a little to light weight in comparison to the ETS CCM 46´s (GEM-46 Prop mass: 16,860 kg (37,180 lb) vs CCM-46´s 17,010 kg) but that´s absolute okay for a fictional kitbash rocket :) It´s just that the real life 40´s are more than 6 Tons to light... not only 200 kilograms.

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

The Easton RSMs seem wonky to me. First, the thrust comes out the same direction that the cone tapers/points, as of 9/3. So, in the picture above, the upper stage will be pushed retrograde down onto the lower stage at separation. To me, the part visually looks like "pointy end = aerodynamic so face the wind, flat end = thrust comes out" ... which would mean building as seen above. However that's not how the part currently works. The text description in the part is a bit confusing as well. As of today, if you want to use them to "carry the upper stage away" like the text says, you'll need to flip em vertically.

Seems like something is maybe reversed somewhere? Could be just the wiring in my head.

CobaltWolf commented 4 years ago

The Easton RSMs seem wonky to me. First, the thrust comes out the same direction that the cone tapers/points, as of 9/3. So, in the picture above, the upper stage will be pushed retrograde down onto the lower stage at separation. To me, the part visually looks like "pointy end = aerodynamic so face the wind, flat end = thrust comes out" ... which would mean building as seen above. However that's not how the part currently works. The text description in the part is a bit confusing as well. As of today, if you want to use them to "carry the upper stage away" like the text says, you'll need to flip em vertically.

Seems like something is maybe reversed somewhere? Could be just the wiring in my head.

Pointy end goes up. They had an aerodynamic cap on them.

http://www.accur8.com/images/vanguardplan2.jpg

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

OK cool. But like ... fire and venom is coming out that end, so how would that work on the upper stage?

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

for reference: https://i.imgur.com/BJ46lbz.png

friznit commented 4 years ago

OK cool. But like ... fire and venom is coming out that end, so how would that work on the upper stage?

Presumably because the retros are there to move the upper stage away at payload separation, unlike ullage motors on other rockets that are designed to settle the fuel tank before secondary stage ignition.

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

OK ... what have I done wrong here: https://youtu.be/6eKpcUmpnWE .

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

OK - it's timing, right? You're using those motors after the payload separation not at stage sep?

friznit commented 4 years ago

OK - it's timing, right? You're using those motors after the payload separation not at stage sep?

Yes, put them in the same stage as the payload decoupler - they push the payload away and the spin decoupler spins up.

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

the brain freeze has been real, but it's thawing. thanks for the explanation.

OrbitalManeuvers commented 4 years ago

Thor-Able picture: my "Fenris-1400/2040/2600 Lower Fuel Tank" does not have two horz stripes near the bottom when set to Able paint job and Basic length, so I'm guessing here ... but I think after that tank you have the "Fenris-Daleth Engine Fairing" which is not mentioned in the text.

friznit commented 4 years ago

Thor-Able picture: my "Fenris-1400/2040/2600 Lower Fuel Tank" does not have two horz stripes near the bottom when set to Able paint job and Basic length, so I'm guessing here ... but I think after that tank you have the "Fenris-Daleth Engine Fairing" which is not mentioned in the text.

Good spot - fixed!