funderburkjim
commented
5 years ago asmad model m_pron
asmad has same declension in all genders; to avoid needless repetition, only the m_card model is associated with it.
| Case | S | D | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | aham | AvAm | vayam |
| Accusative | mAm/mA | AvAm/nO | asmAn/naH |
| Instrumental | mayA | AvAByAm | asmABiH |
| Dative | mahyam/me | AvAByAm/nO | asmaByam/naH |
| Ablative | mat | AvAByAm | asmat |
| Genitive | mama/me | AvayoH/nO | asmAkam/naH |
| Locative | mayi | AvayoH | asmAsu |
| Vocative |
yuzmad m_pron
yuzmad has same declension in all genders; to avoid needless repetition, only the m_card model is associated with it.
| Case | S | D | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tvam | yuvAm | yUyam |
| Accusative | tvAm/tvA | yuvAm/vAm | yuzmAn/vaH |
| Instrumental | tvayA | yuvAByAm | yuzmABiH |
| Dative | tuByam/te | yuvAByAm/vAm | yuzmaByam/vaH |
| Ablative | tvat | yuvAByAm | yuzmat |
| Genitive | tava/te | yuvayoH/vAm | yuzmAkam/vaH |
| Locative | tvayi | yuvayoH | yuzmAsu |
| Vocative |
gasyoun
Although there are only a few pronouns (35 according to one enumeration, the sarvAdi gaRa), I find it difficult to 'make sense' of the declension of these commonly used words. In this presentation, I generally follow the presentation of Kale (pages 87-100); but have also referenced the grammars of Bucknell and Deshpande, and the online material of Huet.
Here is the 'main' list of words that are declined according to the pronoun models; these model names are m_pron, f_pron, n_pron. A brief mention of the English 'sense' of the words is given. Also the model genders are stated. Spellings are in SLP1 transliteration.
They are grouped into subcategories according to the logic of the current declension algorithm:
idiosnycratic declension
These declensions are not derived by a process of combining a base with endings, but are taken as given.
Pronominal adjectives like anya
Kale describes these as being declined 'like yad', Kale section 147.
pronominal adjectives like sarva
Declensions are like the anya declensions, except for the Neuter, and only in the Nominative Singular, Accusative singular (and Vocative singular).
like sarva, but with variations
Following Kale, these variations occur only in the masculine, and then in one or more of the Nominative plural, Ablative singular, Locative singular.
Note: Bucknell states:
Our declensions for these words follow the more restrictive rule per our understanding of Kale.
eka and dvi
These are mentioned among the pronouns (in sarvAdi gaRa); they are also the first two cardinals numbers. Our treatment only considers the declension with models m_card, etc.
compounds ending in pronouns
There are several entries in MW which are compounds whose final pada is one of the pronouns mentioned above. However, only the following few are, in our declensions, flagged as being declined as pronouns.
The reason for current exclusion of other such pronoun-ending compounds from being declined like pronouns will be discussed in a later comment.