ged / ruby-pg

A PostgreSQL client library for Ruby
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Segmentation fault when connecting to RDS #555

Closed grncdr closed 8 months ago

grncdr commented 10 months ago

I've recently started to experience segfaults when connecting to an RDS instance from my MacBook.

Some details:

In my testing, I have been unable to reproduce the issue when running different Postgres versions locally. That is, everything works with any combination of pg gem and server version.

However, when I connect to an RDS instance (standard Postgres, not Aurora, version 13.10) I receive a segfault due to a double-free ("pointer being freed was not allocated"). Setting PGGSSENCMODE="disable" does not fix the issue. Connecting via psql does work. In trying to narrow things down, the only thing I can see that might be relevant is that the connection to RDS uses TLS, whereas my local connections do not.

larskanis commented 10 months ago

Can you please post the output of the segfault - most notably the ruby and C stack trace? How often does the segfault appear? Is it deterministic? Can you provide a sample script for reproduction?

MannyGrill commented 10 months ago

We started having this issue today with our test automation suite as well (it was working last week). I've also tried setting PGGSSENCMODE="disable" but that did not fix our problem.

Details:

I can get this to reproduce 100% with our project whenever we try to connect to the DB. I was able to narrow it down to this function here:

def self.open_db_connection(db_type)
  PG.connect(db_type)
end

The error message we get back:

ruby(97247,0x1d85a9000) malloc: double free for ptr 0x10fa13c00
ruby(97247,0x1d85a9000) malloc: *** set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug

I tried wrapping it in a rescue, but it always bombs out before a more helpful error message is returned. I'm uncomfortable setting breakpoints this deep, but hopefully, this information helps.

EDIT: One more thing to add (not sure if applicable) - our test automation suite is still running smoothly in our GitLab CI process (I assume they use Linux for their boxes), it is only having issues locally on my machine

grncdr commented 10 months ago

Oh thank god I'm not the only one, it's been a frustrating few days. 😄

I will try to build a small reproduction this morning.

grncdr commented 10 months ago

Ok here are details to reproduce.

Test script:

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'bundler/inline'

PG_VERSION = ENV['PG_GEM_VERSION'] || '1.5.4'

gemfile do
  source 'https://rubygems.org'
  gem 'pg', PG_VERSION
end

# Expects environment variables PGHOST, PGUSER, PGPASSWORD, PGDATABASE etc.
PG.connect do |conn|
  result = conn.exec('select 1 as one')
  puts result[0]
end

I've used this script with Ruby 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3, and all of them crash 100% reliably when connecting to RDS. The script never crashes when connecting to local Postgres instances (tested against latest releases of Postgres 13 through 15).

stderr output ``` /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:695: [BUG] Segmentation fault at 0x0000000000000000 ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [arm64-darwin23] -- Crash Report log information -------------------------------------------- See Crash Report log file in one of the following locations: * ~/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports * /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports for more details. Don't forget to include the above Crash Report log file in bug reports. -- Control frame information ----------------------------------------------- c:0007 p:---- s:0046 e:000045 CFUNC :finish c:0006 p:0397 s:0042 e:000041 METHOD /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:695 c:0005 p:0265 s:0029 e:000028 METHOD /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:824 c:0004 p:0007 s:0018 e:000017 METHOD /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:759 c:0003 p:0012 s:0012 e:000011 METHOD /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg.rb:63 c:0002 p:0031 s:0006 e:000005 EVAL ./issue-555.rb:14 [FINISH] c:0001 p:0000 s:0003 E:000d30 DUMMY [FINISH] -- Ruby level backtrace information ---------------------------------------- ./issue-555.rb:14:in `
' /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg.rb:63:in `connect' /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:759:in `new' /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:824:in `connect_to_hosts' /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:695:in `async_connect_or_reset' /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg/connection.rb:695:in `finish' -- Threading information --------------------------------------------------- Total ractor count: 1 Ruby thread count for this ractor: 1 -- Machine register context ------------------------------------------------ x0: 0x0000000105460f28 x1: 0x0000000122028420 x2: 0x0000000128028158 x3: 0x0000000122006ee4 x4: 0x0000000128028158 x5: 0x0000000128028150 x6: 0x0000600003190080 x7: 0x0000000000005b00 x18: 0x0000000000000000 x19: 0x0000000105460f28 x20: 0x000000012206bd56 x21: 0x0000000000000004 x22: 0x0000000000000000 x23: 0x0000000128028158 x24: 0x0000000128028150 x25: 0x000000012063d550 x26: 0x0000000055550083 x27: 0x0000600003de94d0 x28: 0x0000000000000000 lr: 0x000000012204d808 fp: 0x000000016b1e27e0 sp: 0x000000016b1e27d0 -- C level backtrace information ------------------------------------------- /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(rb_vm_bugreport+0xb4c) [0x1058ce5ec] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(rb_bug_for_fatal_signal+0x100) [0x105711880] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(sig_do_nothing+0x0) [0x105836204] /usr/lib/system/libsystem_platform.dylib(_sigtramp+0x38) [0x1860c1a24] /Users/USER/.asdf/installs/postgres/14.4/lib/libpq.5.14.dylib(closePGconn+0xac) [0x12204d808] /Users/USER/.asdf/installs/postgres/14.4/lib/libpq.5.14.dylib(closePGconn) [0x12204d808] /Users/USER/.asdf/installs/postgres/14.4/lib/libpq.5.14.dylib(PQfinish) [0x12204a450] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.3.0/gems/pg-1.5.4/lib/pg_ext.bundle(pgconn_finish+0x98) [0x122006f7c] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(vm_call_cfunc_with_frame_+0xf0) [0x1058c12e0] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(vm_exec_core+0x2048) [0x1058a7038] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(rb_vm_exec+0x3d8) [0x1058a4068] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(rb_ec_exec_node+0xa0) [0x10571d008] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/libruby.3.3.dylib(ruby_run_node+0x60) [0x10571cf00] /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/bin/ruby(main+0x68) [0x104c1ff24] -- Other runtime information ----------------------------------------------- * Loaded script: ./issue-555.rb * Loaded features: 0 enumerator.so 1 thread.rb 2 fiber.so 3 rational.so 4 complex.so 5 ruby2_keywords.rb 6 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/arm64-darwin23/enc/encdb.bundle 7 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/arm64-darwin23/enc/trans/transdb.bundle 8 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/arm64-darwin23/rbconfig.rb 9 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/compatibility.rb 10 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/defaults.rb 11 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/deprecate.rb 12 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/errors.rb 13 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/unknown_command_spell_checker.rb 14 /Users/USER/.local/share/rtx/installs/ruby/3.3.0/lib/ruby/3.3.0/rubygems/exceptions.rb 15 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1e6000000-236000000 r-- 236000000-236180000 r-- 236180000-2377a0000 rw- 2377a0000-23bc64000 rw- 23bc64000-23e208000 r-- 23e208000-240000000 r-- 240000000-280000000 r-- fc0000000-1000000000 --- 1000000000-7000000000 --- 600000000000-600020000000 rw- [IMPORTANT] Don't forget to include the Crash Report log file under DiagnosticReports directory in bug reports. ``` Stdout just says `Segmentation fault: 11`
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ohTHATaaronbrown commented 10 months ago

This only seems to hit and affect my mac (running Sonoma 14.2.1 currently). The same ruby code that crashes on my mac, when running on windows server and windows workstation runs fine.

By contrast with the OP of this issue, I am connecting to an Aurora PG cluster. All other (non-pg gem) means of connecting to this same cluster connect fine from the same mac where the pg gem crashes on connect. The crash occurs with every version of the pg gem i've tried, going all the way back to 1.2.3.

grncdr commented 10 months ago

Hey @ohTHATaaronbrown thanks for adding that. So far all of those affected are running Sonoma and connecting to RDS (both aurora and non-aurora Postgres).

I realize now that the crash report doesn't really include a C-stack, just some symbols. The Ruby stack points at the call to finish on this line: https://github.com/ged/ruby-pg/blob/5c105f227ac2b32331c0006b109688f6c7c9ed64/lib/pg/connection.rb#L693-L697 ... which indicates to me that the problem actually occurs earlier. The crash report points to PQFinish which is being called here https://github.com/ged/ruby-pg/blob/5c105f227ac2b32331c0006b109688f6c7c9ed64/ext/pg_connection.c#L537

It seems that something goes wrong before the pgconn pointer is properly initialized, and then this cleanup code causes the double free. Interestingly enough, libpqxx added protection for this scenario just 3 days ago: https://github.com/jtv/libpqxx/pull/780/files#diff-8540699dd68a5427a8f97a8d3a8a0999eef6ec1a8678470f73490c4570e3cc38R748-R753

grncdr commented 10 months ago

Another update from a colleague, also using an M1 macbook, also on Sonoma. His connections to RDS were still working until today, when he installed neovim using brew, apparently triggering a brew auto-update. Unfortunately, he closed the terminal and didn't realize the problem until later.

After encountering segfaults, he ran brew install libpq and that resolved the issue for him. I've tried the same, but it made no difference for me.

ohTHATaaronbrown commented 10 months ago

Ahhh. I already had libpq installed via homebrew, but brew upgrade libpq solved the issue for me as well. Note that my macbook pro is intel-based, not Apple silicon.

MannyGrill commented 10 months ago

Looks like upgrading libpq via brew also worked for me as well

grncdr commented 10 months ago

Ok, I have also resolved the issue locally by installing postgresql from Homebrew and rebuilding pg with the option --with-pg-config=/opt/homebrew/opt/postgresql@14/bin/pg_config.

I believe my problem is that the copy of postgres (and pg_config) I had installed via asdf does not not include this patch from Homebrew.

Not really a pg issue in the end, but hopefully this helps somebody else with a similar setup.

smicdeshapriya commented 10 months ago

Thanks for all the hints. I was able to resolve it just by -- brew upgrade postgresql in my mac Somona 14.2.1