Terms related to lymphocyte activation

[gocentral]

I would like to add the following terms related to the activation of lymphocytes. If there are no objections we at MGI can add the terms.

-- Alex

New Terms:

Establishment of Lymphocyte Polarity

The directed orientation of lymphocyte signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with an appropriate activating cell.

Part-of (<) to GO:0046649 lymphocyte activation

Part-of (<) to GO:0048247 lymphocyte chemotaxis

Is-a (%) to GO:0030010 establishment of cell polarity [not a true path violation, as cytoskeletal changes are involved, and establishment of lymphocyte polarity as one component of activation leads to cell growth and maintenance (in the sense of preventing apoptosis)]

References: Dykstra M, Cherukuri A, Sohn HW, Tzeng SJ, Pierce SK,
Location is everything: lipid rafts and immune cell signaling, Annu Rev Immunol. 2003, 21:457-81. PMID: 12615889

Bromley SK, Burack WR, Johnson KG, Somersalo K, Sims TN, Sumen C, Davis MM, Shaw AS, Allen PM, Dustin ML, The immunological synapse,Annu Rev Immunol. 2001, 19:375-96. PMID: 11244041

Establishment of T-cell Polarity

The directed orientation of T-cell signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with antigen presenting cell.

Is-a (%) to Establishment of Lymphocyte Polarity

Part-of (<) to GO:0042110 T-cell activation

References: Dykstra M, Cherukuri A, Sohn HW, Tzeng SJ, Pierce SK,
Location is everything: lipid rafts and immune cell signaling, Annu Rev Immunol. 2003, 21:457-81. PMID: 12615889

Bromley SK, Burack WR, Johnson KG, Somersalo K, Sims TN, Sumen C, Davis MM, Shaw AS, Allen PM, Dustin ML, The immunological synapse,Annu Rev Immunol. 2001, 19:375-96. PMID: 11244041

Establishment of B-cell Polarity

The directed orientation of B-cell signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with an antigen displaying cell.

[the use of antigen displaying cell in this term is to encompass cell types such as follicular dendritic cells which display B cells unprocessed antigens leading to activation of the B cells and antigen uptake and processing by the B cells.]

Is-a (%) to Establishment of Lymphocyte Polarity

Part-of (<) to GO:0042113 B-cell activation

References: Dykstra M, Cherukuri A, Sohn HW, Tzeng SJ, Pierce SK,
Location is everything: lipid rafts and immune cell signaling, Annu Rev Immunol. 2003, 21:457-81. PMID: 12615889

Vicente-Manzanares M, Montoya MC, Mellado M, Frade JM, del Pozo MA, Nieto M, de Landazuri MO, Martinez-A C, Sanchez-Madrid F, The chemokine SDF-1alpha triggers a chemotactic response and induces cell polarization in human B lymphocytes, Eur J Immunol. 1998, 28:2197-207. PMID: 9692889

Establishment of Natural Killer Cell Polarity

The directed orientation of natural killer cell signaling molecules and associated lipid rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with a cell displaying natural killer cell activating ligands.

Is-a (%) to Establishment of Lymphocyte Polarity

Part-of (<) to GO:0030101 natural killer cell activation

References: Dykstra M, Cherukuri A, Sohn HW, Tzeng SJ, Pierce SK,
Location is everything: lipid rafts and immune cell signaling, Annu Rev Immunol. 2003, 21:457-81. PMID: 12615889

Nieto M, Navarro F, Perez-Villar JJ, del Pozo MA, Gonzalez- Amaro R, Mellado M, Frade JM, Martinez-A C, Lopez-Botet M, Sanchez-Madrid F, Roles of chemokines and receptor polarization in NK-target cell interactions, J Immunol. 1998, 161:3330-9. PMID: 9759849

Formation of Immunological Synapse

The formation of an area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated lipid rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell, which facilitates activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction.

Part-of (<) to GO:0046649 lymphocyte activation

Part-of (<) to GO:0019882 antigen presentation

Part-of (<) to GO:0042087 cell-mediated immune response

Part-of (<) to GO:0019724 B-cell mediated immunity

Part-of (<) to GO:0045087 innate immune response

References: Bromley SK, Burack WR, Johnson KG, Somersalo K, Sims TN, Sumen C, Davis MM, Shaw AS, Allen PM, Dustin ML, The immunological synapse,Annu Rev Immunol. 2001, 19:375-96. PMID: 11244041

Dustin ML, Dustin LB, The immunological relay race: B cells take antigen by synapse, Nat Immunol. 2001, 2:480-2. PMID: 11376330

Immunological Synapse

An area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell formed through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated lipid rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell and facilitating activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction.

Part-of (<) to GO:0005886 plasma membrane

References: Bromley SK, Burack WR, Johnson KG, Somersalo K, Sims TN, Sumen C, Davis MM, Shaw AS, Allen PM, Dustin ML, The immunological synapse,Annu Rev Immunol. 2001, 19:375-96. PMID: 11244041

Dustin ML, Dustin LB, The immunological relay race: B cells take antigen by synapse,Nat Immunol. 2001, 2:480-2. PMID: 11376330

Reported by: addiehl

Original Ticket: "geneontology/ontology-requests/1284":https://sourceforge.net/p/geneontology/ontology-requests/1284

[gocentral]

• labels: --> New term request
• milestone: --> MGI

Original comment by: addiehl

[gocentral]

Logged In: YES user_id=865072

Evelyn has pointed out that GO:0042101 T-cell receptor complex should be a part-of to the immunological synapse, which I agree with. Similarly GO:0019815 B-cell receptor complex should be a part-of to the immunological synapse.

Also, since the IS term applies to the target cells as well, GO:0042611 MHC protein complex should be a part-of as well.

-- Alex

Original comment by: addiehl

[gocentral]

• assigned_to: nobody --> hjdrabkin
• status: open --> closed-accepted

Original comment by: addiehl