Bump sentry-cocoa/ fix issue 311

[lucas-zimerman]

This is a possible fix to the issue #311, previously the SDK wasn't being even build due to having an old sentry-cocoa SDK with unsupported minimum version of iOS...

Changes on the SDK

• Fix Wizard breaking iOS build (https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-wizard/pull/401)
• iOS build failing on the latest xCode because minimum MacOS deployiment has increased, requiring a bump on the Sentry Cocoa SDK.
• Sentry Cocoa SDK bumped from 7.27.1 to 8.9.3
• Add support for Sentry Private SDK.
• fix Carthage scripts with the new SDK and remove unused Swift code.

TODO:

• [x] Update Changelog.
• [x] Add break changes from the bump of Sentry Cocoa.
• [x] Validate on an iOS app.
• [x] Build Pass on Github

[lucas-zimerman]

@brustolin could you check this PR? it got a major bump from the cocoa dependency but I think I got all most of the cases

[lucas-zimerman]

UPDATE: there are still some fixes that will need to be done on Sentry Wizard in order for this PR to fully work

[krystofwoldrich]

@lucas-zimerman Is there a Wizard PR/Issue that we could link here?

[lucas-zimerman]

https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-wizard/pull/481 PR here merged, I'll bump this branch and merge it

[github-actions[bot]]

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- Bump sentry-cocoa/ fix issue 311 ([#316](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-cordova/pull/316))

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