Add Puppetserver catalog v4 API support

[seanmil]

Overview

This pull request introduces support for the Puppetserver v4 catalog API, introduced in Puppetserver 6.3.0.

This new API endpoint offers additional capabilities and options not present in earlier API versions. In particular, updating facts and catalogs with PuppetDB as part of the compile is now optional. For Puppet Enterprise customers, you may use PE RBAC tokens to authenticate for v4 catalog compiles.

Checklist

• [x] Make sure that all of the tests pass, and fix any that don't. Just run rake in your checkout directory, or review the CI job triggered whenever you push to a pull request.
• [x] Make sure that there is 100% test coverage by running rake coverage:spec or ignoring untestable sections of code with # :nocov comments. If you need help getting to 100% coverage please ask; however, don't just submit code with no tests.
• [x] If you have added a new command line option, we would greatly appreciate a corresponding integration test that exercises it from start to finish. This is optional but recommended.
• [x] If you have added any new gem dependencies, make sure those gems are licensed under the MIT or Apache 2.0 license. We cannot add any dependencies on gems licensed under GPL.
• [x] If you have added any new gem dependencies, make sure you've checked in a copy of the .gem file into the vendor/cache directory.

[seanmil]

I re-ran the CI job and it passed. I don't know why the results are not updating above, but you can see the results here: https://github.com/seanmil/octocatalog-diff/actions/runs/372918628

[ahayworth]

This is excellent - thank you so much for the contributions 😄