your indexed records for @article{Douglass_2011, doi = {10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4}, year = 2011, month = {jan}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {701--711}, author = {James G. Douglass and J. Emmett Duffy and Elizabeth A. Canuel}, title = {Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and 13C and 15N Isotope Analysis}, journal = {Estuaries and Coasts}}

[ddkapan]

Hi!

Thanks for helping to make existing biotic interaction data easier to find and access!

I was just looking at your GloBI indexed record at https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org/?interactionType=interactsWith&sourceTaxon=Plantae&targetTaxon=Gammarus and I was wondering about the possibility of a REVERSED interaction where a PLANT ate an ANIMAL. For now I'll assume it is reversed, for future downloads of GLOBI data for a project I am working on it would be great to have this correct at the source.

Thanks,

Durrell Kapan California Academy of Sciences.

[jhpoelen]

hey @ddkapan - thanks for reporting this suspicious interaction.

I believe I traced the suspicious interactions to network 113 in mangal.io - it appears that their herbivory and detrivore interactions were flipped.

from https://mangal.io/api/v2/interaction?network_id=1113 -

{"id":67171,"node_from":14643,"node_to":14654,"date":"2006-05-19T00:00:00.000Z","direction":"directed","type":"herbivory","method":"observation","attr_id":1,"value":1,"geom":null,"public":true,"network_id":1113,"created_at":"2019-02-27T00:25:21.659Z","updated_at":"2019-02-27T00:25:21.659Z","attribute":...

it appears in this interaction the plant was node_from and the plant eater was node_to , whereas other interactions of same type in different networks in mangal have the node_to point to the plant, and node_from to the plant eater.

So, as far as I can tell, this is a likely transcription error in mangal.

[jhpoelen]

Perhaps you can contact the maintainers of mangal (@tpoisot or @SteveViss) about this suspicious interaction.

[tpoisot]

We're aware of it and it'll be fixed soon - @ddkapan GLOBI is (in my understanding) not a data source, so don't hesitate to reach out if you find more suspicious interactions. Most of what is in mangal has been curated from the supp. mat. of papers, but we may have made a few mistakes.

[jhpoelen]

Thanks for responding so quickly. I am glad that GloBI was able to facilitate this exchange. Please holler as soon as you fix is so we can confirm and close this issue.

[jhpoelen]

Just for your information, it appears there's at least on existing Douglass 2011 interaction reported via mangal that has plants eating Gammarus sp. See attached screenshot related to https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org/?interactionType=eats&sourceTaxon=Plantae&targetTaxon=Gammarus .

Note that the attached interaction was tagged by the Encyclopedia of Life's refutation dataset as suspicious.

[tpoisot]

Fixed on our end

[jhpoelen]

In update 2021-05-03, I noticed that:

$ curl --silent "https://mangal.io/api/v2/interaction?network_id=1113" | jq '.[] | select(.id== 67171)'
{
  "id": 67171,
  "node_from": 14654,
  "node_to": 14643,
  "date": "2006-05-19T00:00:00.000Z",
  "direction": "directed",
  "type": "herbivory",
  "method": "observation",
  "attr_id": 1,
  "value": 1,
  "geom": null,
  "public": true,
  "network_id": 1113,
  "created_at": "2019-02-27T00:25:21.659Z",
  "updated_at": "2021-04-29T04:45:44.504Z",
  "attribute": {
    "id": 1,
    "name": "presence/absence",
    "description": "Presence or absence of a recorded interaction",
    "unit": null,
    "created_at": "2019-02-21T21:17:01.496Z",
    "updated_at": "2019-02-21T21:17:01.496Z"
  }
}

On https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/mangal/issues/1#issuecomment-810670151 , the following was observed:

{
  "id": 67171,
  "node_from": 14643,
  "node_to": 14654,
  "date": "2006-05-19T00:00:00.000Z",
  "direction": "directed",
  "type": "herbivory",
  "method": "observation",
  "attr_id": 1,
  "value": 1,
  "geom": null,
  "public": true,
  "network_id": 1113,
  "created_at": "2019-02-27T00:25:21.659Z",
  "updated_at": "2019-02-27T00:25:21.659Z"
}

So, it appears that interaction with id 67171 was reversed from:

node 14643 -> node 14654

to:

node 14654 -> node 14643

on or before 2021-04-29T04:45:44.504Z ( 29 April 2021 )

[jhpoelen]

@tpoisot can you please confirm that:

The previous example (i.e., 67171) documents a corrected an interaction claim:

Unid. Macrophytes (plants) eats Gammarus

to:

Gammarus eats Unid. Macrophytes (plants)

However, it appears that some suspicious interactions remain, e.g.,

Zostera (eelgrass) preys on Gammarus mucronatus

remain.

via https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org/?accordingTo=globi%3Aglobalbioticinteractions%2Fmangal&interactionType=eats&sourceTaxon=Zostera

[jhpoelen]

Looks like network 1114 has some suspicious predation interactions https://mangal.io/api/v2/interaction?network_id=1114&type=predation -

https://mangal.io/api/v2/interaction?id=67195 (crustacean parts preying on Elasmopus)

and https://mangal.io/api/v2/interaction?network_id=1112&type=predation

https://mangal.io/api/v2/interaction?id=67138 - Zostera (eelgrass) preying on Gammarus mucronatus -

[
  {
    "id": 67134,
    "node_from": 14620,
    "node_to": 14632,
    "date": "2005-04-21T00:00:00.000Z",
    "direction": "directed",
    "type": "predation",
    "method": "observation",
    "attr_id": 1,
    "value": 1,
    "geom": null,
    "public": true,
    "network_id": 1112,
    "created_at": "2019-02-27T00:25:11.934Z",
    "updated_at": "2019-02-27T00:25:11.934Z",
    "attribute": {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "presence/absence",
      "description": "Presence or absence of a recorded interaction",
      "unit": null,
      "created_at": "2019-02-21T21:17:01.496Z",
      "updated_at": "2019-02-21T21:17:01.496Z"
    }
  }
]

[jhpoelen]

@tpoisot For your convenience, I've included a list of 48 refuted interaction records as provided by Encyclopedia of Life refutation dataset .

refuted_mangal_by_eol.tsv.txt

fyi @katjaschulz

[tpoisot]

I have sincerely no idea how to read this file

[tpoisot]

All I can say is:

1) we'll have a look 2) issues are more likely to be fixed if they're opened in the correct repo (https://github.com/mangal-wg/mangal-datasets)

[jhpoelen]

@tpoisot thanks for your prompt reply.

I have sincerely no idea how to read this file

if you'd like to learn more about the format of the refutation dataset that EOL uses, you might find some inspiration at https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol and issues like https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/globalbioticinteractions/issues/376 .

issues are more likely to be fixed if they're opened in the correct repo (https://github.com/mangal-wg/mangal-datasets)

Ok, I'll try and add duplicate issues as suggested to reference issues posted elsewhere (e.g., https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/mangal/issues/1 and https://github.com/mangal-wg/mangal-api/issues/55 ).

Question - I noticed that https://github.com/mangal-wg/mangal-datasets has not been updated since Oct 2020, but changes were made to records exposed through the mangal api. What is your procedure to keep https://github.com/mangal-wg/mangal-datasets in sync with the live mangal database / api?

[tpoisot]

The repo is just for initial upload - we then use the API for corrections when required.

FYI our effort is currently on migrating to a new cloud provider and updating the stack, so we won't be very reactive with data modifications.

As for the EOL format, I'm sure it's interesting, but we'd probably gain more from a plain English issue. Anyways, the issues are confined to a particular dataset, so we'll manually check it at some point in the future.

[BenMerSci]

Hi everyone!

@jhpoelen, interaction directions for network 1112, 1113 and 1114 are now resolved. As for the file with 48 refuted interactions you provided, I believe there is no header (at least I can't get any) so I don't really understand what is the content of each column. In each row I can only find one species therefore I can't trace back the exact interaction in the network. Is there a way to get the 2 species name that compose the refuted interactions?

I might have the time to check them.

And @tpoisot, you can read the .tsv.txt file in Julia with: DataFrame(readdlm("file.tsv.txt", '\t', '\n'), :auto)

[tpoisot]

I figured how to read the file 🙂 it's more the semantics that confused me

[BenMerSci]

I figured I wasn't going to teach you anything in Julia, it was just in case :wink:. And same I can't really figure out what the different entries mean.

[jhpoelen]

@BenMerSci @tpoisot thanks again for your prompt replies.

For what it is worth, the header of the refutation data:

$ curl --silent "https://editors.eol.org/eol_php_code/applications/content_server/resources/interactions.tsv" | head -n1
identifier  argumentTypeId  argumentTypeName    argumentReasonId    argumentReasonName  interactionTypeId   interactionTypeName sourceCitation  sourceArchiveURI    sourceTaxonId   sourceTaxonName sourceTaxonRanksourceTaxonKingdomName   targetTaxonId   targetTaxonName targetTaxonRank targetTaxonKingdomName  refuted:associationID   refuted:interactionTypeId   refuted:referenceCitation   refuted:referenceDoi    refuted:referenceUrl    refuted:sourceCitation  refuted:sourceOccurrenceId  refuted:sourceTaxonId   refuted:sourceTaxonName refuted:sourceTaxonRank refuted:sourceTaxonGenusName    refuted:sourceTaxonFamilyName   refuted:sourceTaxonOrderName    refuted:sourceTaxonClassName    refuted:sourceTaxonPhylumName   refuted:sourceTaxonKingdomName  refuted:targetOccurrenceId  refuted:targetTaxonId   refuted:targetTaxonName refuted:targetTaxonRank refuted:targetTaxonGenusName    refuted:targetTaxonFamilyName   refuted:targetTaxonOrderName    refuted:targetTaxonClassName    refuted:targetTaxonPhylumName   refuted:targetTaxonKingdomName

See also https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/main/globi.json for schema mappings.

[jhpoelen]

ps some network id to each interaction record can be added. Happy to add it if someone asks for it.

[BenMerSci]

For each row in the file, there is only 1 species for the refuted interaction. Do you know what is happening with that? With the network_id do you know by any chance if you would be able to get the interaction id? It would really make the investigation easier :sweat_smile:.

[jhpoelen]

For your convenience, I've added the mangal related refuted dataset below and attached.

refuted_mangal_by_eol_with_header.tsv.txt

I see a lot of names associated with the source (left side), and target (right side) of the interaction records.

I noticed that there might be some false positive refutation. It looks like the name "Fungal" maps to GBIF's https://www.gbif.org/species/4904189 which was somehow classified as a virus. This classification triggered the refutation rule.

Aside from that there's a bunch more. Please hollder if you have more questions.

identifier	argumentTypeId	argumentTypeName	argumentReasonId	argumentReasonName	interactionTypeId	interactionTypeName	sourceCitation	sourceArchiveURI	sourceTaxonId	sourceTaxonName	sourceTaxonRank	sourceTaxonKingdomName	targetTaxonId	targetTaxonName	targetTaxonRank	targetTaxonKingdomName	refuted:associationID	refuted:interactionTypeId	refuted:referenceCitation	refuted:referenceDoi	refuted:referenceUrl	refuted:sourceCitation	refuted:sourceOccurrenceId	refuted:sourceTaxonId	refuted:sourceTaxonName	refuted:sourceTaxonRank	refuted:sourceTaxonGenusName	refuted:sourceTaxonFamilyName	refuted:sourceTaxonOrderName	refuted:sourceTaxonClassName	refuted:sourceTaxonPhylumName	refuted:sourceTaxonKingdomName	refuted:targetOccurrenceId	refuted:targetTaxonId	refuted:targetTaxonName	refuted:targetTaxonRank	refuted:targetTaxonGenusName	refuted:targetTaxonFamilyName	refuted:targetTaxonOrderName	refuted:targetTaxonClassName	refuted:targetTaxonPhylumName	refuted:targetTaxonKingdomName
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:1035180-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:1035180	Paraleptophlebia adoptiva	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:1035180-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:1035180-ATE	EOL:1035180	Paraleptophlebia adoptiva	species	Paraleptophlebia	Leptophlebiidae	Ephemeroptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:1035180-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:13605-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:13605	Tanytarsus	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:13605-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:13605-ATE	EOL:13605	Tanytarsus	genus	Tanytarsus	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:13605-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:13605-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:13605	Tanytarsus	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:13605-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:13605-PREYS_UPON	EOL:13605	Tanytarsus	genus	Tanytarsus	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:13605-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:18138-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:18138	Antocha	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:18138-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:18138-ATE	EOL:18138	Antocha	genus	Antocha	Limoniidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:18138-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:18138-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:18138	Antocha	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:18138-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:18138-PREYS_UPON	EOL:18138	Antocha	genus	Antocha	Limoniidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:18138-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:2762505-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:2762505	Baetis tricaudatus	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:2762505-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:2762505-ATE	EOL:2762505	Baetis tricaudatus	species	Baetis	Baetidae	Ephemeroptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:2762505-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:312348-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:312348	Promoresia elegans	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:312348-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:312348-ATE	EOL:312348	Promoresia elegans	species	Promoresia	Elmidae	Coleoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:312348-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:313893-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:313893	Optioservus fastiditus	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:313893-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:313893-ATE	EOL:313893	Optioservus fastiditus	species	Optioservus	Elmidae	Coleoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:313893-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:321609-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:321609	Ephemerella subvaria	species	Metazoa	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:321609-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:321609-ATE	EOL:321609	Ephemerella subvaria	species	Ephemerella	Ephemerellidae	Ephemeroptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Metazoa	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:321609-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:38522-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:38522	Glossosoma	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:38522-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:38522-ATE	EOL:38522	Glossosoma	genus	Glossosoma	Glossosomatidae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:38522-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:38732-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:38732	Cheumatopsyche	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:38732-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:38732-ATE	EOL:38732	Cheumatopsyche	genus	Cheumatopsyche	Hydropsychidae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:38732-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:38783-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:38783	Micrasema	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:38783-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:38783-ATE	EOL:38783	Micrasema	genus	Micrasema	Brachycentridae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:38783-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:54832-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:54832	Cricotopus	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:54832-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:54832-ATE	EOL:54832	Cricotopus	genus	Cricotopus	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:54832-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:54979-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:54979	Rheosmittia	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:54979-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:54979-ATE	EOL:54979	Rheosmittia	genus	Rheosmittia	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:54979-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:55218-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:55218	Rheotanytarsus	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:55218-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:55218-ATE	EOL:55218	Rheotanytarsus	genus	Rheotanytarsus	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:55218-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:56085-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:56085	Thienemanniella	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:56085-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:56085-ATE	EOL:56085	Thienemanniella	genus	Thienemanniella	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:56085-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:56387-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:56387	Parametriocnemus	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:56387-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:56387-ATE	EOL:56387	Parametriocnemus	genus	Parametriocnemus	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:56387-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:607485-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:607485	Glossosoma nigrior	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:607485-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:607485-ATE	EOL:607485	Glossosoma nigrior	species	Glossosoma	Glossosomatidae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:607485-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:608229-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:608229	Ceratopsyche sparna	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:608229-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:608229-ATE	EOL:608229	Ceratopsyche sparna	species	Ceratopsyche	Hydropsychidae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:608229-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:608232-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:608232	Ceratopsyche morosa	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:608232-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:608232-ATE	EOL:608232	Ceratopsyche morosa	species	Ceratopsyche	Hydropsychidae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:608232-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:608522-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:608522	Dolophilodes distinctus	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:608522-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:608522-ATE	EOL:608522	Dolophilodes distinctus	species	Dolophilodes	Philopotamidae	Trichoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:608522-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:613185-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:613185	Paragnetina media	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:613185-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:613185-ATE	EOL:613185	Paragnetina media	species	Paragnetina	Perlidae	Plecoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:613185-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:615269-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL:615269	Paracapnia angulata	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL:615269-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL:615269-ATE	EOL:615269	Paracapnia angulata	species	Paracapnia	Capniidae	Plecoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL:615269-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:402810	Nais simplex	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-ATE	EOL_V2:402810	Nais simplex	species	Nais	Tubificidae	Haplotaxida	Clitellata	Annelida	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:402810	Nais simplex	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-PREYS_UPON	EOL_V2:402810	Nais simplex	species	Nais	Tubificidae	Haplotaxida	Clitellata	Annelida	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-EOL_V2:402810-PREYS_UPON-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-GBIF:2001466-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2001466	Brachyptera	genus	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-GBIF:2001466-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-GBIF:2001466-ATE	GBIF:2001466	Brachyptera	genus	Brachyptera	Taeniopterygidae	Plecoptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-GBIF:2001466-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11402011-IRMNG:10100056-ATE-GBIF:4904189	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation6	Records of other organisms parasitizing or eating viruses are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	IRMNG:10100056	Stempellina montivaga	species	Animalia	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family	Viruses	globi:assoc:11402011-IRMNG:10100056-ATE-GBIF:4904189	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Tavares_Cromar_1996, doi = {10.2307/2963482}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2963482}, year = 1996, month = {feb}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, pages = {91--113}, author = {Annette F. Tavares-Cromar and D. Dudley Williams}, title = {The Importance of Temporal Resolution in Food Web Analysis: Evidence from a Detritus-Based Stream}, journal = {Ecological Monographs}}	10.2307/2963482	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/2963482	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11402011-IRMNG:10100056-ATE	IRMNG:10100056	Stempellina montivaga	species	Stempellina	Chironomidae	Diptera	Insecta	Arthropoda	Animalia	globi:occur:target:11402011-IRMNG:10100056-ATE-GBIF:4904189	GBIF:4904189	Fungal	family		Fungal
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:207207	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Plantae	EOL_V2:207207	Engraulis mordax	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:207207	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Clarke_1967, doi = {10.1126/science.157.3795.1381}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381}, year = 1967, month = {sep}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {157}, number = {3795}, pages = {1381--1389}, author = {T. A. Clarke and A. O. Fleehsig and R. W. Grigg}, title = {Ecological Studies during Project Sealab {II}: A sand-bottom community at depth of 61 meters and the fauna attracted to ''Sealab {II}'' are investigated}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.157.3795.1381	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Erodium	Geraniaceae	Geraniales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:207207	EOL_V2:207207	Engraulis mordax	species	Engraulis	Engraulidae	Clupeiformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:356299	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Plantae	EOL_V2:356299	Trachurus lathami	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:356299	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Clarke_1967, doi = {10.1126/science.157.3795.1381}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381}, year = 1967, month = {sep}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {157}, number = {3795}, pages = {1381--1389}, author = {T. A. Clarke and A. O. Fleehsig and R. W. Grigg}, title = {Ecological Studies during Project Sealab {II}: A sand-bottom community at depth of 61 meters and the fauna attracted to ''Sealab {II}'' are investigated}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.157.3795.1381	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Erodium	Geraniaceae	Geraniales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:356299	EOL_V2:356299	Trachurus lathami	species	Trachurus	Carangidae	Perciformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:222012	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Plantae	EOL_V2:222012	Genyonemus lineatus	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:222012	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Clarke_1967, doi = {10.1126/science.157.3795.1381}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381}, year = 1967, month = {sep}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {157}, number = {3795}, pages = {1381--1389}, author = {T. A. Clarke and A. O. Fleehsig and R. W. Grigg}, title = {Ecological Studies during Project Sealab {II}: A sand-bottom community at depth of 61 meters and the fauna attracted to ''Sealab {II}'' are investigated}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.157.3795.1381	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Erodium	Geraniaceae	Geraniales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:222012	EOL_V2:222012	Genyonemus lineatus	species	Genyonemus	Sciaenidae	Perciformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL:2312	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Plantae	EOL:2312	Cephalopoda	class	Animalia	globi:assoc:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL:2312	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Clarke_1967, doi = {10.1126/science.157.3795.1381}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381}, year = 1967, month = {sep}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {157}, number = {3795}, pages = {1381--1389}, author = {T. A. Clarke and A. O. Fleehsig and R. W. Grigg}, title = {Ecological Studies during Project Sealab {II}: A sand-bottom community at depth of 61 meters and the fauna attracted to ''Sealab {II}'' are investigated}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.157.3795.1381	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.157.3795.1381	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2891616	Erodium	genus	Erodium	Geraniaceae	Geraniales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11412827-GBIF:2891616-PREYS_UPON-EOL:2312	EOL:2312	Cephalopoda	class				Cephalopoda	Mollusca	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-ALATaxon:NZOR-6-37786-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	ALATaxon:NZOR-6-37786	Hippocrepis	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-ALATaxon:NZOR-6-37786-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-ALATaxon:NZOR-6-37786-ATE	ALATaxon:NZOR-6-37786	Hippocrepis	genus	Hippocrepis	Leguminosae	Fabales	Equisetopsida	Charophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-ALATaxon:NZOR-6-37786-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE-GBIF:2332887	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543	Pisonia	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2332887	Syngnathus	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE-GBIF:2332887	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE	ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543	Pisonia	genus	Pisonia	Nyctaginaceae	Caryophyllales	Equisetopsida	Charophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE-GBIF:2332887	GBIF:2332887	Syngnathus	genus	Syngnathus	Syngnathidae	Syngnathiformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543	Pisonia	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE	ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543	Pisonia	genus	Pisonia	Nyctaginaceae	Caryophyllales	Equisetopsida	Charophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-ALATaxon:https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2889543-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-EOL_V2:31052464-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:31052464	Vulgaris	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-EOL_V2:31052464-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-EOL_V2:31052464-ATE	EOL_V2:31052464	Vulgaris	genus	Vulgaris	Asteraceae	Asterales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-EOL_V2:31052464-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:10408522-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:10408522	Crassiphycus	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:10408522-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-GBIF:10408522-ATE	GBIF:10408522	Crassiphycus	genus	Crassiphycus	Gracilariaceae	Gracilariales	Florideophyceae	Rhodophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-GBIF:10408522-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:2965053-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2965053	Triquetra	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:2965053-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-GBIF:2965053-ATE	GBIF:2965053	Triquetra	genus	Triquetra	Fabaceae	Fabales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-GBIF:2965053-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:3657639-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:3657639	Eucentrum	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:3657639-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-GBIF:3657639-ATE	GBIF:3657639	Eucentrum	genus	Eucentrum	Orchidaceae	Asparagales	Liliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-GBIF:3657639-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:4210352-ATE-GBIF:2333689	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:4210352	Serrulata	genus	Plantae	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11413623-GBIF:4210352-ATE-GBIF:2333689	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Havens_1992, doi = {10.1126/science.257.5073.1107}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107}, year = 1992, month = {aug}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science ({AAAS})}, volume = {257}, number = {5073}, pages = {1107--1109}, author = {K. Havens}, title = {Scale and Structure in Natural Food Webs}, journal = {Science}}	10.1126/science.257.5073.1107	https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.257.5073.1107	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11413623-GBIF:4210352-ATE	GBIF:4210352	Serrulata	genus	Serrulata	Asteraceae	Asterales	Magnoliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11413623-GBIF:4210352-ATE-GBIF:2333689	GBIF:2333689	Erosa	genus	Erosa	Synanceiidae	Scorpaeniformes	Actinopterygii	Chordata	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:343405	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Plantae	EOL_V2:343405	Idotea balthica	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:343405	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Douglass_2011, doi = {10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4}, year = 2011, month = {jan}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {701--711}, author = {James G. Douglass and J. Emmett Duffy and Elizabeth A. Canuel}, title = {Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and 13C and 15N Isotope Analysis}, journal = {Estuaries and Coasts}}	10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Zostera	Zosteraceae	Alismatales	Liliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:343405	EOL_V2:343405	Idotea balthica	species	Idotea	Idoteidae	Isopoda	Malacostraca	Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:344200	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Plantae	EOL_V2:344200	Gammarus mucronatus	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:344200	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Douglass_2011, doi = {10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4}, year = 2011, month = {jan}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {701--711}, author = {James G. Douglass and J. Emmett Duffy and Elizabeth A. Canuel}, title = {Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and 13C and 15N Isotope Analysis}, journal = {Estuaries and Coasts}}	10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Zostera	Zosteraceae	Alismatales	Liliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL_V2:344200	EOL_V2:344200	Gammarus mucronatus	species	Gammarus	Gammaridae	Amphipoda	Malacostraca	Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-FBC:SLB:SpecCode:22328	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Plantae	FBC:SLB:SpecCode:22328	Erichsonella attenuata	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-FBC:SLB:SpecCode:22328	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Douglass_2011, doi = {10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4}, year = 2011, month = {jan}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {701--711}, author = {James G. Douglass and J. Emmett Duffy and Elizabeth A. Canuel}, title = {Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and 13C and 15N Isotope Analysis}, journal = {Estuaries and Coasts}}	10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Zostera	Zosteraceae	Alismatales	Liliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-FBC:SLB:SpecCode:22328	FBC:SLB:SpecCode:22328	Erichsonella attenuata	species	Erichsonella	Idoteidae	Isopoda	Malacostraca
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL:1024600	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	preys on	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Plantae	EOL:1024600	Cymadusa compta	species	Animalia	globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL:1024600	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439	@article{Douglass_2011, doi = {10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4}, year = 2011, month = {jan}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {701--711}, author = {James G. Douglass and J. Emmett Duffy and Elizabeth A. Canuel}, title = {Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and 13C and 15N Isotope Analysis}, journal = {Estuaries and Coasts}}	10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON	GBIF:2863960	Zostera	genus	Zostera	Zosteraceae	Alismatales	Liliopsida	Tracheophyta	Plantae	globi:occur:target:11426092-GBIF:2863960-PREYS_UPON-EOL:1024600	EOL:1024600	Cymadusa compta	species	Cymadusa	Ampithoidae	Amphipoda	Malacostraca	Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:6-ATE-EOL_V2:39782	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	GBIF:6	Plantae	kingdom	Plantae	EOL_V2:39782	Gammarus	genus	Animalia	globi:assoc:11426092-GBIF:6-ATE-EOL_V2:39782	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Douglass_2011, doi = {10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4}, year = 2011, month = {jan}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, volume = {34}, number = {4}, pages = {701--711}, author = {James G. Douglass and J. Emmett Duffy and Elizabeth A. Canuel}, title = {Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and 13C and 15N Isotope Analysis}, journal = {Estuaries and Coasts}}	10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12237-010-9356-4	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11426092-GBIF:6-ATE	GBIF:6	Plantae	kingdom						Plantae	globi:occur:target:11426092-GBIF:6-ATE-EOL_V2:39782	EOL_V2:39782	Gammarus	genus	Gammarus	Gammaridae	Amphipoda	Malacostraca	Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-EOL:1278	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom	Plantae	EOL:1278	Euphausiacea	order	Animalia	globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-EOL:1278	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Vinogradov_1978, doi = {10.1007/bf00391640}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640}, year = 1978, publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc}, volume = {48}, number = {4}, pages = {357--366}, author = {M. E. Vinogradov and E. A. Shushkina}, title = {Some development patterns of plankton communities in the upwelling areas of the Pacific Ocean}, journal = {Marine Biology}}	10.1007/bf00391640	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom						Plantae	globi:occur:target:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-EOL:1278	EOL:1278	Euphausiacea	order			Euphausiacea	Malacostraca	Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-ITIS:610007	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom	Plantae	ITIS:610007	Gymnoplea	superorder	Animalia	globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-ITIS:610007	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Vinogradov_1978, doi = {10.1007/bf00391640}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640}, year = 1978, publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc}, volume = {48}, number = {4}, pages = {357--366}, author = {M. E. Vinogradov and E. A. Shushkina}, title = {Some development patterns of plankton communities in the upwelling areas of the Pacific Ocean}, journal = {Marine Biology}}	10.1007/bf00391640	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom						Plantae	globi:occur:target:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-ITIS:610007	ITIS:610007	Gymnoplea	superorder				Maxillopoda	Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-ITIS:83677	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom	Plantae	ITIS:83677	Crustacea	subphylum	Animalia	globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-ITIS:83677	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Vinogradov_1978, doi = {10.1007/bf00391640}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640}, year = 1978, publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc}, volume = {48}, number = {4}, pages = {357--366}, author = {M. E. Vinogradov and E. A. Shushkina}, title = {Some development patterns of plankton communities in the upwelling areas of the Pacific Ocean}, journal = {Marine Biology}}	10.1007/bf00391640	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom						Plantae	globi:occur:target:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-ITIS:83677	ITIS:83677	Crustacea	subphylum					Arthropoda	Animalia
EOLrefute_globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-EOL:1489	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/refute	refute	EOL-GloBI-validation1	Records of non-carnivorous plants eating animals are likely to be errors	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	eats	Biotic interaction data that failed Encyclopedia of Life data validation	https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol/blob/master/interactions.tsv	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom	Plantae	EOL:1489	Appendicularia	class	Animalia	globi:assoc:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-EOL:1489	http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470	@article{Vinogradov_1978, doi = {10.1007/bf00391640}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640}, year = 1978, publisher = {Springer Nature America, Inc}, volume = {48}, number = {4}, pages = {357--366}, author = {M. E. Vinogradov and E. A. Shushkina}, title = {Some development patterns of plankton communities in the upwelling areas of the Pacific Ocean}, journal = {Marine Biology}}	10.1007/bf00391640	https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf00391640	https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database.	globi:occur:source:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE	EOL_V2:281	Plantae	kingdom						Plantae	globi:occur:target:11484762-EOL_V2:281-ATE-EOL:1489	EOL:1489	Appendicularia	class				Appendicularia	Chordata	Animalia

[tpoisot]

So the issue was that the "Fungal" group was classified as a virus - which is maybe a decision from the GBIF backbone. We need to dig into the dataset to see if changing the mapping of this node to - "Fungi" is correct. This doesn't seem too bad, and is not a case of a flipped interaction.

As I asked before, please open issues in the Mangal repo. Or as a suggestion, as GLOBI is consuming data, maybe you want to point users to the place where they should be opening issues, since the GLOBI team won't be fixing them, and since we won't be monitoring this repo for issues.

[jhpoelen]

@tpoisot much like your idea to make the endpoint for issues configurable. I agree that having folks contact curators of (aggregate) indexed dataset directly would likely be beneficial. See https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/globalbioticinteractions/issues/661 .

re: the suspicious "Fungal" mapping - yes, this likely a name mapping issue. I've opened a separate issue for that at https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/globi-taxon-names/issues/8 .

Please do note that other refutation records were noted, so there's refuted interaction records beyond those that involve the "Fungal" name.

[tpoisot]

Yes, im looking into these

[tpoisot]

As for "Fungal", it's probably "Fungal virus" with the " virus" part having been dropped at some point. It happens on some backone (we had to clean a lot of names because of that recently).

[jhpoelen]

Thanks @tpoisot for your note on the suspicious Fungal mappings. I've prepared a new release of the GloBI taxon graph 0.3.32 at https://zenodo.org/record/4753955 to remove this undesired mapping of names including "[Ff]ungal [Hh]yphae" and "Fungal spores". Changes should propagate over the next couple of days.

[jhpoelen]

It appears that the name mapping updates related to suspicious "Fungal Hyphae" and "Fungal spores" have propagated and no suspicious viral interactions appear in the indexed mangal interaction networks.

Also, the original suspicious interactions e.g., Plants eating Gammarus (an amphipod) https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org/?interactionType=interactsWith&sourceTaxon=Plantae&targetTaxon=Gammarus are no longer being indexed by GloBI in the mangal interaction networks.

While suspicious interactions remain (e.g., Green Algae (Chlorophyta) eating Gymnoplea (a copepod), and Chlorophyta eating Crustacea (see attached screenshot)), I am sure that @tpoisot et al. will curate their interaction networks as they see fit.

That said, I'd be happy to help facilitate reviewing interaction data when desired.

@ddkapan @tpoisot thanks for your efforts in carefully reviewing and curating interaction records.