Introduce astFromValueUntyped and handle object values within astFromValue correctly

[ardatan]

Fixes https://github.com/graphql/graphql-js/issues/4085 Closes https://github.com/graphql/graphql-js/pull/4086

This PR introduces a new function called astFromValueUntyped that creates an AST without a type. This function is needed because if a custom scalar returns an object type, it needs to be serialized without a type.

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[yaacovCR]

I think this should be closed within v17 by #3812 and $4209, so I am going to close this old PR in the name of tidying up, feel free to reopen.

See also: https://github.com/graphql/graphql-js/issues/4085#issuecomment-2385360079