[Unity][Grpc.Net.Client[.Web] 2.51] IAsyncStreamWriter::WriteAsync(!0,CancellationToken)` doesn't exist in target framework. It is referenced from Grpc.Net.Client.dll at Task ClientStreamWriterBase::IAsyncStreamWriter(TRequest,CancellationToken)

What version of gRPC and what language are you using?

Language: C#
Grpc.Net.Client 2.51 Grpc.Net.Client.Web 2.51 Google.Protobuf 3.21.12
Installed as Nuget packages via NugetForUnity

What operating system (Linux, Windows,...) and version?

Windows 10 22H2 19045.2546 (Windows Feature Experience Pack 120.2212.4190.0)
Unity 2021.3.18f1 LTS

What runtime / compiler are you using (e.g. .NET Core SDK version `dotnet --info`)

I'm not sure as I'm building with Unity. The command gave me SDK .NET 5.0.408.

What did you do?

Create a 3D project with Unity 2021.3.18f1 LTS
Install Nuget For Unity via the package manager.
Install Grpc.Net.Client
- Click the NuGet menu and then Manage NuGet packages
- In the search bar, type Grpc and install Grpc.Net.Client and type Grpc Web to install Grpc.Net.Client.Web
- Install |Google.Protobuf If searching for Protobuf crashes Unity (it does for me), search Google instead.
Configure build settings:
- File->BuildSettings
- Select UWP (switch platform)
- ARM64 arch
- D3D project build type
- target latest SDK version
Select .NET Framework Compatibility Level
- While in Build Settings, click on Player Settings
- Player tab ->Other Settings ->Api Compatibility Level I've tried .NET Standard 2.1, but I get other compiler errors related to ambiguous Numerics types in a MS MRTK package.

What did you expect to see?

Empty project with default scene builds gracefully.

What did you see instead?

Build seem to succeed despite 2 errors being display in the Console.

Reference Rewriter found some errors while running with command "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\UnityEngine.SpatialTracking.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\UnityEngine.XR.LegacyInputHelpers.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.InputSimulation.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.InputAnimation.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.DiagnosticsSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.CameraSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.SDK.Experimental.Interactive.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.SDK.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Providers.XRSDK.WindowsMixedReality.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Providers.XRSDK.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Providers.WindowsVoiceInput.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Providers.WindowsSceneUnderstanding.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Providers.WindowsMixedReality.Shared.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Providers.OpenXR.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.InputSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Gltf.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Extensions.SceneTransitionService.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Extensions.HandPhysics.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Examples.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Async.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.SceneUnderstanding.Projections.WSA.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.OpenXR.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Extensions.Tracking.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.SceneSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.SpatialAwarenessSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Services.TeleportSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.OpenXR.Features.RuntimeDebugger.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.OpenXR.Features.OculusQuestSupport.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.OpenXR.Features.MockRuntime.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.OpenXR.Features.MetaQuestSupport.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.OpenXR.Features.ConformanceAutomation.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.OpenXR.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.Management.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.CoreUtils.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.ARSubsystems.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.XR.ARFoundation.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.VisualScripting.State.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.VisualScripting.Flow.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.VisualScripting.Core.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.Timeline.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.TextMeshPro.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.Subsystem.Registration.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.InputSystem.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\netstandard.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.MixedReality.Toolkit.Tools.Runtime.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Unsafe.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Grpc.Net.Client.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\System.Numerics.Vectors.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Google.Protobuf.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Grpc.Net.Common.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\nunit.framework.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Grpc.Core.Api.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\System.Memory.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Grpc.Net.Client.Web.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\System.Buffers.dll" "--target=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Unity.VisualScripting.Antlr3.Runtime.dll" "--additionalreferences=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM64,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\X64,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM64,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM64,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\X64,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\ARM64,Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed\Plugins\X64" "--platform=C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\UnionMetadata\10.0.19041.0\Facade\Windows.winmd" "--dbg=pdb" "--framework=Temp\StagingArea\Data\Managed" "--alt=Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles,mscorlib;System,mscorlib;System,System;System,System.ComponentModel.Composition;System,System.Core;System.CodeDom.Compiler,System;System.Collections,mscorlib;System.Collections.Concurrent,mscorlib;System.Collections.Concurrent,System;System.Collections.Generic,mscorlib;System.Collections.Generic,System;System.Collections.Generic,System.Core;System.Collections.ObjectModel,mscorlib;System.Collections.ObjectModel,System;System.Collections.Specialized,System;System.ComponentModel,System;System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations,System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema,System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;System.Data,System.Data;System.Data.Common,System.Data;System.Diagnostics,mscorlib;System.Diagnostics,System;System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis,mscorlib;System.Diagnostics.Contracts,mscorlib;System.Diagnostics.Tracing,mscorlib;System.Dynamic,System.Core;System.Globalization,mscorlib;System.IO,mscorlib;System.IO,System;System.IO,System.Core;System.IO,System.Runtime.WindowsRuntime.UI.Xaml;System.IO.Compression,System;System.IO.Compression,System.IO.Compression.FileSystem;System.IO.IsolatedStorage,mscorlib;System.Linq,System.Core;System.Linq.Expressions,System.Core;System.Net,System;System.Net.NetworkInformation,System;System.Net.Security,System;System.Net.Sockets,System;System.Numerics,System.Numerics;System.Reflection,mscorlib;System.Reflection.Emit,mscorlib;System.Resources,mscorlib;System.Runtime,mscorlib;System.Runtime.CompilerServices,mscorlib;System.Runtime.CompilerServices,System.Core;System.Runtime.ExceptionServices,mscorlib;System.Runtime.InteropServices,mscorlib;System.Runtime.InteropServices,System;System.Runtime.InteropServices,System.Core;System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes,mscorlib;System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes,System;System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime,mscorlib;System.Runtime.Serialization,mscorlib;System.Runtime.Serialization,System.Runtime.Serialization;System.Runtime.Serialization.Json,System.Runtime.Serialization;System.Runtime.Versioning,mscorlib;System.Runtime.Versioning,System;System.Security,mscorlib;System.Security.Authentication,System;System.Security.Authentication.ExtendedProtection,System;System.Security.Claims,mscorlib;System.Security.Principal,mscorlib;System.ServiceModel,System.ServiceModel;System.ServiceModel.Channels,System.ServiceModel;System.ServiceModel.Description,System.ServiceModel;System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher,System.ServiceModel;System.ServiceModel.Security,System.ServiceModel;System.ServiceModel.Security.Tokens,System.ServiceModel;System.Text,mscorlib;System.Text.RegularExpressions,System;System.Threading,mscorlib;System.Threading,System;System.Threading,System.Core;System.Threading.Tasks,mscorlib;System.Threading.Tasks,System.Core;System.Windows.Input,System;System.Xml,System.Runtime.Serialization;System.Xml,System.Xml;System.Xml.Linq,System.Xml.Linq;System.Xml.Schema,System.Xml;System.Xml.Serialization,System.Xml;<winmd>,Windows.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.AI.MachineLearning.MachineLearningContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.AI.MachineLearning.Preview.MachineLearningPreviewContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Calls.Background.CallsBackgroundContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Calls.CallsPhoneContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Calls.CallsVoipContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.CommunicationBlocking.CommunicationBlockingContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.SocialInfo.SocialInfoContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.StartupTaskContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.Custom.CustomDeviceContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.DevicesLowLevelContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.Printers.PrintersContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardBackgroundTriggerContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.SmartCards.SmartCardEmulatorContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Foundation.FoundationContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Foundation.UniversalApiContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Gaming.XboxLive.StorageApiContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Graphics.Printing3D.Printing3DContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Networking.Connectivity.WwanContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Networking.Sockets.ControlChannelTriggerContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Security.Isolation.IsolatedWindowsEnvironmentContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Services.Maps.GuidanceContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Services.Maps.LocalSearchContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Services.Store.StoreContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Services.TargetedContent.TargetedContentContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Storage.Provider.CloudFilesContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.Profile.ProfileHardwareTokenContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.Profile.ProfileSharedModeContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.Profile.SystemManufacturers.SystemManufacturersContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.SystemManagementContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.ViewManagement.ViewManagementViewScalingContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.Xaml.Core.Direct.XamlDirectContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ActivatedEventsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ActivationCameraSettingsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.ContactActivatedEventsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation.WebUISearchActivatedEventsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Background.BackgroundAlarmApplicationContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Calls.LockScreenCallContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.FullTrustAppContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Preview.InkWorkspace.PreviewInkWorkspaceContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Preview.Notes.PreviewNotesContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources.Management.ResourceIndexerContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Search.Core.SearchCoreContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Search.SearchContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.ApplicationModel.Wallet.WalletContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.Portable.PortableDeviceContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.Printers.Extensions.ExtensionsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.Scanners.ScannerDeviceContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Devices.Sms.LegacySmsApiContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Gaming.Input.GamingInputPreviewContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Gaming.Preview.GamesEnumerationContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Gaming.UI.GameChatOverlayContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Gaming.UI.GamingUIProviderContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Globalization.GlobalizationJapanesePhoneticAnalyzerContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Management.Deployment.Preview.DeploymentPreviewContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Management.Workplace.WorkplaceSettingsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.AppBroadcasting.AppBroadcastingContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.AppRecording.AppRecordingContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Capture.AppBroadcastContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Capture.AppCaptureContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Capture.AppCaptureMetadataContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Capture.CameraCaptureUIContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Capture.GameBarContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Devices.CallControlContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.MediaControlContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Playlists.PlaylistsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Media.Protection.ProtectionRenewalContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Networking.NetworkOperators.LegacyNetworkOperatorsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Networking.XboxLive.XboxLiveSecureSocketsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Perception.Automation.Core.PerceptionAutomationCoreContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Security.EnterpriseData.EnterpriseDataContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Security.ExchangeActiveSyncProvisioning.EasContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.Profile.ProfileRetailInfoContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.UserProfile.UserProfileContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.System.UserProfile.UserProfileLockScreenContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.ApplicationSettings.ApplicationsSettingsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.Core.AnimationMetrics.AnimationMetricsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.Core.CoreWindowDialogsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.Shell.SecurityAppManagerContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.Xaml.Hosting.HostingContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Web.Http.Diagnostics.HttpDiagnosticsContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Embedded.DeviceLockdown.DeviceLockdownContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Networking.NetworkOperators.NetworkOperatorsFdnContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Phone.PhoneContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.Phone.StartScreen.DualSimTileContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.WebUI.Core.WebUICommandBarContract.winmd;<winmd>,Windows.UI.Core.Preview.Communications.PreviewCommunicationsContract.winmd".
Error: method `System.Threading.Tasks.Task Grpc.Core.IAsyncStreamWriter`1<TRequest>::WriteAsync(!0,System.Threading.CancellationToken)` doesn't exist in target framework. It is referenced from Grpc.Net.Client.dll at System.Threading.Tasks.Task Grpc.Net.Client.Internal.ClientStreamWriterBase`1::Grpc.Core.IAsyncStreamWriter<TRequest>.WriteAsync(TRequest,System.Threading.CancellationToken).

UnityEngine.Debug:LogError (object)
PostProcessWinRT:RunReferenceRewriter () (at C:/build/output/unity/unity/PlatformDependent/MetroPlayer/Extensions/Managed/PostProcessWinRT.cs:1188)
PostProcessWinRT:Process () (at C:/build/output/unity/unity/PlatformDependent/MetroPlayer/Extensions/Managed/PostProcessWinRT.cs:204)
UnityEngine.GUIUtility:ProcessEvent (int,intptr,bool&)

Reference rewriter: Error: method `System.Threading.Tasks.Task Grpc.Core.IAsyncStreamWriter`1<TRequest>::WriteAsync(!0,System.Threading.CancellationToken)` doesn't exist in target framework. It is referenced from Grpc.Net.Client.dll at System.Threading.Tasks.Task Grpc.Net.Client.Internal.ClientStreamWriterBase`1::Grpc.Core.IAsyncStreamWriter<TRequest>.WriteAsync(TRequest,System.Threading.CancellationToken).
UnityEngine.Debug:LogError (object)
PostProcessWinRT:RunReferenceRewriter () (at C:/build/output/unity/unity/PlatformDependent/MetroPlayer/Extensions/Managed/PostProcessWinRT.cs:1190)
PostProcessWinRT:Process () (at C:/build/output/unity/unity/PlatformDependent/MetroPlayer/Extensions/Managed/PostProcessWinRT.cs:204)
UnityEngine.GUIUtility:ProcessEvent (int,intptr,bool&)

Anything else we should know about your project / environment?

My project works fine on Unity 2021.1.10f1 with older versions of Grpc.Net.Client(.Web) 2.40. I had to update the version of Unity, encountered a lot of broken things, and updating Grpc seemed to fix some of them It's better, but these errors remain.

I think I located the lines mentionned in the error message: https://github.com/grpc/grpc-dotnet/blame/master/src/Grpc.Core.Api/IAsyncStreamWriter.cs#L40 https://github.com/grpc/grpc-dotnet/blame/master/src/Grpc.Net.Client/Internal/ClientStreamWriterBase.cs#L45

I've seen some issues referencing this part of the code https://github.com/grpc/grpc-dotnet/issues/1747 https://github.com/protobuf-net/protobuf-net.Grpc/issues/239 ...

But it appears fixed, and the code being guarded by the same conditions I don't see easily why we would have the reference but not the definition.

Thanks for your help.

grpc / grpc-dotnet