[Essential Grammar in Use] Unit 31 - must, mustn't, don't need to

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• [[Essential Grammar in Use] Unit 31 - must, mustn't, don't need to]

• EssentialGrammarinUse must mustnt dontneedto

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must, mustn't, don't need to

must + infinitive (must do / must work etc.):

I must (do something) = I need to do it:

• I'm very hungry. I must eat something.
• It's a fantastic film. You must see it.
• The windows are very dirty. We must clean them.

For the past (yesterday / last week etc.), we use had to ... (not must):

• I was very hungry. I had to eat something. (not I must eat)
• We had to walk home last night. There were no buses. mustn't (= must not)

mustn't (= must not), I mustn't (do something) = it is necessary not to do it, it is the wrong thing to do:

• I must go. I mustn't be late.
• I mustn't forget to phone Chris. (= I must remember to phone her)
• Be happy! You mustn't be sad. (= don't be sad)
• You mustn't touch the pictures. (= don't touch the pictures)

I don't need (to do something) = it is not necessary:

• I don't need to go yet. I can stay a little longer.
• You don't need to shout. I can hear you OK.

You can also say don't have to ...

• I don't have to go yet. I can stay a little longer.

Compare don't need to and mustn't:

• You don't need to go. You can stay here if you want.
• You mustn't go. You must stay here.

Exercises

Complete the sentences. Use must + these verbs:

be eat go learn meet wash win

• I'm very hungry. I (must eat) something.
• Marilyn is a very interesting person. You (must meet) her.
• My hands are dirty. I (must wash) them.
• You (must learn) to drive. It will be very useful.
• I (must go) shopping. I need to buy some food.
• The game tomorrow is very important for us. We (must win).
• You can't always have things immediately. You (must be) patient.

Write I must or I had to.

• (I had to) walk home last night. There were no buses.
• It's late. (I must) go now.
• I don't usually work on Saturdays, but last Saturday (I had to) work.
• (I must) get up early tomorrow. I have a lot to do.
• I came here by train. The train was full and (I had to) stand all the way.
• I was nearly late for my appointment this morning. (I had to) run to get there on time.
• I forgot to phone David yesterday. (I must) phone him later today.

Complete the sentences. Use mustn't or don't need to + these verbs:

forget go lose phone rush wait

• I (don't need to go) home yet. I can stay a little longer.
• We have a lot of time. We (don't need to rush).
• Keep these papers in a safe place. You (mustn't lose) them.
• I'm not ready yet, but you ( don't need to wait) for me. You can go now and I'll come later.
• We (mustn't forget) to turn off the lights before we leave.
• I must contact David, but I (don't need to phone) him - I can send him an email.

Write must / mustn't / had to / don't need to

• You (don't need to) go. You can stay here if you want.
• ()
• It's a fantastic film. You (must) see it.
• The restaurant won't be busy tonight. We (don't need to) reserve a table.
• I was very busy last week. I (had to) work every evening.
• I want to know what happened. You (must) tell me.
• I don't want Sue to know what happened. You (mustn't) tell her.
• I (must) go now or I'll be late for my appointment.
• 'Why were you so late?' 'I (had to) wait half an hour for a bus.'
• We (don't need to) decide now. We can decide later.
• It's Lisa's birthday next week. I (mustn't) forget to buy her a present.

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