Aggregate error handling and reporting logic into one central interface

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Aggregate error handling and logic reporting into one central interface based on Exit Status and Errors section in the specification excerpt on issue #11.

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Bash can generate a variety of output errors depending on what goes wrong during the execution of a script or command. Here are some of the common forms of output errors we might encounter:

1. Syntax Errors
   • Description : These occur when there is a mistake in the command syntax.

• Example : bash: syntax error near unexpected token 'newline'

• Causes : Missing a keyword, unmatched parentheses, incorrect or missing quotes, etc.

2. Command Not Found Errors
   • Description : Bash cannot locate the command being executed.

• Example : bash: command: command not found

• Causes : Typos, missing binary in PATH, uninstalled programs.

3. Permission Denied Errors
   • Description : The user does not have the appropriate permissions to execute a file or command.

• Example : bash: ./program: Permission denied

• Causes : Missing executable permissions, trying to write to a protected directory or file.

4. File or Directory Not Found
   • Description : Bash cannot locate a specified file or directory.

• Example : bash: ./file.txt: No such file or directory

• Causes : Incorrect paths, file deletion, unmounted drives.

5. File or Directory Not Found
   • Description : Errors involving invalid file descriptors.

• Example : bash: bad file descriptor

• Causes : Using an invalid file descriptor in redirection or I/O operations.

6. Segmentation Fault
   • Description : An underlying binary or script crashes unexpectedly.

• Example : bash: Segmentation fault

• Causes : Memory issues, buggy code in a binary being executed.

7. Too Many Arguments
   • Description : Occur when too many arguments are passed to a command or function.

• Example : bash: ./program: too many arguments

• Causes : Misuse of command-line arguments, passing extra parameters.

8. I/O Redirection Errors
   • Description : Problems with input/output redirection.

• Example : bash: ./output.txt: Permission denied

• Causes : Lack of write/read permissions, incorrect file handling, using a directory as a file.

9. Out of Memory
   • Description : Bash or a command consumes more memory than is available.

• Example : bash: fork: Cannot allocate memory

• Causes : Running large processes, low system resources.

10. Process Limits Exceeded
    • Description : Reaching system-imposed limits on processes.

• Example : bash: fork: Resource temporarily unavailable

• Causes : Too many processes running, exceeded ulimit constraints.

11. Pipe Errors
    • Description : Errors in piping the output of one command to another.

• Example : bash: broken pipe

• Causes : The receiving end of a pipe terminates before the sender finishes, invalid piping sequence.