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Allow setting an IP address on :bridged #743

Closed deanpcmad closed 12 years ago

deanpcmad commented 12 years ago

I would like to be able to manually set an IP address on a Vagrant machine using the Vagrantfile. When I set config.vm.network :bridged, "192.168.1.200", when creating the machine, it breaks and destroys the machine.

It does it on both my Ubuntu machine and Mac.

Running vagrant 0.9.7.

This is what I get on my Ubuntu machine which is where I will be running my Vagrant machines:

dean@dean-ubuntu:~/VMs/lucid32$ vagrant up
[default] Importing base box 'lucid32'...

Guest Additions Version: 4.1.0
VirtualBox Version: 4.1.8
[default] Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
[default] Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
[default] Fixed port collision for 22 => 2222. Now on port 2200.
[default] Forwarding ports...
[default] -- 22 => 2200 (adapter 1)
[default] Creating shared folders metadata...
[default] Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
[default] Destroying VM and associated drives...
/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/network.rb:318:in `merge': can't convert String into Hash (TypeError)
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/network.rb:318:in `bridged_config'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/network.rb:33:in `block in call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/network.rb:31:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/network.rb:31:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/clear_network_interfaces.rb:26:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/host_name.rb:10:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/share_folders.rb:20:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/clear_shared_folders.rb:13:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/nfs.rb:40:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/prune_nfs_exports.rb:15:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/provision.rb:29:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/forward_ports.rb:24:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/check_port_collisions.rb:38:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/env/set.rb:16:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/clear_forwarded_ports.rb:13:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/clean_machine_folder.rb:17:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/check_accessible.rb:18:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/general/validate.rb:14:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/match_mac_address.rb:16:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/default_name.rb:17:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/check_guest_additions.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/import.rb:31:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/check_box.rb:28:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/vm/check_accessible.rb:18:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/general/validate.rb:14:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/warden.rb:33:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/builder.rb:92:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/runner.rb:49:in `block in run'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/util/busy.rb:19:in `busy'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/action/runner.rb:49:in `run'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/vm.rb:192:in `run_action'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/vm.rb:143:in `up'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/command/up.rb:46:in `block in execute'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/command/base.rb:100:in `block in with_target_vms'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/command/base.rb:95:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/command/base.rb:95:in `with_target_vms'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/command/up.rb:39:in `execute'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/cli.rb:38:in `execute'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/lib/vagrant/environment.rb:156:in `cli'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/vagrant-0.9.7/bin/vagrant:43:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/bin/vagrant:19:in `load'
    from /usr/local/bin/vagrant:19:in `<main>'
mitchellh commented 12 years ago

Nice, the stack trace is a bug, but unfortunately you can't statically assign an IP on bridged networks. Since the behavior of a bridged network is to join your existing network, your best bet is to assign a static MAC address to your bridged network, then configure your router so that that MAC address always gets the same IP address.

deanpcmad commented 12 years ago

Wow, that was fast. Ah ok, but won't multiple machines get that same IP then causing IP conflicts?

deanpcmad commented 12 years ago

I suppose either that or would setting an IP for :hostonly and then setting the hosts file to the machine which has that work or is it strictly :hostonly and that IP will only be accessible on that host?

mitchellh commented 12 years ago

Multiple machines shouldn't get the same IP, unless multiple VMs have the same MAC address (which they shouldn't) or your DHCP server is broken (not Vagrant's problem).

Host-only networks are not globally accessible.

deanpcmad commented 12 years ago

Would it be possible to add a static option on the config for globally accessible IPs?

mitchellh commented 12 years ago

What do you mean "globally accessible IPs?"

deanpcmad commented 12 years ago

Well basically bridged and then an IP can be set, then when setting up the machine, Vagrant then sets that specified IP in, for example, /etc/network/interfaces. Or would this not be possible? I may have a look at the code and see if I can give it a go. :)

mitchellh commented 12 years ago

Fixed the bug issue that you found.

philwo commented 12 years ago

Hi,

"you can't statically assign an IP on bridged networks" - actually, that is exactly what is needed in my case, because I am setting up a development network and the virtual machine is the DHCP server for other virtual machines and some physical hosts on the bridged network (which is an isolated network to test an OpenStack private cloud).

Do you see any chance of implementing that? :)

Best regards, Philipp

roymax commented 12 years ago

Allow setting an IP address on :bridged + 1

quietstorm commented 12 years ago

This would be a useful feature, and Im not sure why it is judged as not possible.

I might misunderstand the question, but I know I can boot a VM with vagrant and a bridged network for eth1, then manually assign the VM a static ip. On CentOS I edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 with the following, and restart networking:

BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.5.100
DEVICE=eth1
NETMASK=255.255.248.0

As long as Im not assigning anything that can conflict with the DHCP server then there is no problem, and the VM can be accessed by all other machines on the network at this static IP...

... until I reboot. Because vagrant doesn't know about this config then of course it resets it to DHCP on reboot.

If I can set that up manually each time the machine reboots, surely Vagrant could manage it via its config?

[edit: fixed netmask setting in example]

ccollicutt commented 12 years ago

I would like to be able to do bridged networking with a static IP as well.

demelziraptor commented 12 years ago

This would be very useful. Right now I'm having to set the static IP with a script that runs after the interface comes up on dhcp. (Can't put in /etc/network/interfaces in Ubuntu or the VM won't come back up on vagrant up.)

ghost commented 12 years ago

yeah really who's idea was it to not have any ip at all or to hope for dhcp on bridged interfaces..... derp

ghost commented 12 years ago

really simple solution

auto eth2:1 iface eth2:1 inet static address 192.168.1.235 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.1 dns-nameserver 192.168.1.250 post-up route add default gw 192.168.1.1 dev eth2:1

VAGRANT-BEGIN

auto eth2 iface eth2 inet dhcp post-up route del default dev $IFACE

VAGRANT-END

ghost commented 12 years ago

vagrant@VPN:~$ tail /etc/init.d/networking echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/networking {start|stop}" exit 1 ;; esac

route del default gw 10.0.2.2 dev eth0 route add default gw 192.168.1.1 dev eth2:1

exit 0

vagrant@VPN:~$

ghost commented 12 years ago

rm /sbin/dhclient

ghost commented 12 years ago

also add static for eth0 10.0.2.2 so that vagrant sp33kz to it. ~_~ there done vagrant package VPN --output VPN.box and never mess with it again.

rasschaert commented 11 years ago

@mitchellh please reconsider your position on this. Not being able to assign a static IP on bridged interfaces makes Vagrant close to useless for doing any meaningful operations/infrastructure work.

I'm a sysadmin/devops by trade so my use case for Vagrant may be atypical. I often set up some VirtualBox machines to try out some infrastructure setups and service configurations. Being able to bring up a couple of boxes with predictable network addresses and have them talk over various network protocols to each other is essential for setting up an operations lab. I've been using VirtualBox for this type of testing with bridged interfaces and static IP addresses for years, without a hitch.

You mention DHCP with MAC addresses in the config as an alternative, but we should be able to set this up from within a Vagrantfile. Heck, the only router I have in my apartment is the one I got from my ISP who pretty much locked down advanced configuration. I couldn't fiddle with the DHCP settings if I wanted to.

I understand where you're coming from. There is the risk of having conflicting addresses. Put a big bold warning in the docs saying users should make sure the IP addresses they assign don't overlap with their DHCP pool. Have Vagrant quickly ping the IP before assigning it to make sure it's not already in use. Bury the option deep in the docs if you must, but please, provide this option.

I'll get off my soapbox now, thanks for reading.

HarlekinX commented 11 years ago

I solved the problem with a workaround.

First i have to say that i don't understand the developer of this damn great product, because it really is a problem to not be able to set a static IP Address on a bridged network. "Let the router do it" doesn't work in lots of setups, as others already mentioned. My setup is: Multiple virtual servers on my Mac mini Server at home, all with different purposes. I.e a puppet master, available in my home network and over VPN with separated IP ranges, which requires 2 network adapters. My internet router manages the internal IP range, the Mac mini Server the VPN range. Just using DHCP would put both adapters into the same IP range. And as @rasschaert said, i first thought that this makes the usage of Vagrant useless for me. An other problem is, that my router is indeed able to assign the same IP to a given MAC-Address every time, but i cannot choose which one. But for me, i like a clean IP structure i.e. X.X.X.10 - 29 these type of machines, 30 - 40 other types of machines. I just use DHCP beginning from .200 for mobile and guest devices.

Ok, enough talk, here's my solution:

  1. Add :auto_config => false to your network config, i.e.:

config.vm.network :public_network, :bridge => 'en0: Ethernet', :auto_config => false

This will setup the network adapter but neither configures nor activates it.

  1. Use puppet, chef or shell provider to run the ifconfig command at startup, i.e.:

Shell: ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

Puppet: exec{ "Set static IP": command => "/sbin/ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 up", }

Chef: I don't know, i'm a puppet user ;-)

This configures and activates the network adapter with a static IP. And in contrast to the other tips in this thread this works directly on creation of an VM and does not require to edit something in an existing machine that would be lost on vagrant destroy

nywilken commented 11 years ago

Thanks for the tip on your bridged network workaround. It doesn't seem like the ability to set :auto_config for a bridged network is documented in the Vagrant documentation. Anyway below is the Chef equivalent to your Puppet exec resource. 

execute "ifup" do
    command "/sbin/ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 up"
end
ErebusBat commented 11 years ago

Thanks to the others the solution I came up with was to stick this into my bootstrap.sh file:

echo "Setting up bridged interface"
sudo /sbin/ifconfig eth1 192.168.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
sudo /sbin/route add default gw 192.168.0.1 eth1

If you don't have a bootstrap.sh setup then you can add the following to your Vagrantfile

config.vm.provision :shell, :path => "bootstrap.sh"
ghost commented 11 years ago

Allow setting an IP address on :bridged + 1

knightsamar commented 11 years ago

Option for setting a static IP on :public_network :+1:

@mitchellh, maybe you can keep the DHCP as default for :public_network, but please provide an option for static IP

Flimm commented 11 years ago

+1

bryfry commented 11 years ago

Here is my solution with ansible as the 'provisioner' : https://github.com/bryfry/vaspi

This really seems like a basic feature that any normal provider like virtualbox should have out of the box.

+1 to get this patched to not rely on provisioning hacks to get standard functionality.

byxelkrok commented 11 years ago

+1

byxelkrok commented 11 years ago

to bring up the static ip on the guest os, you could also run this command from the host os:

vagrant ssh -c"sudo /sbin/ifconfig eth1 192.168.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 up"

NebuPookins commented 11 years ago

your best bet is to assign a static MAC address to your bridged network, then configure your router so that that MAC address always gets the same IP address.

How do you set a static MAC address to your bridged network? I googled for "vagrant mac address", but

I've also read through the Version 2 documentation, particularly the pages:

And could not find any information regarding setting the MAC address.

Is it documented anywhere?

thinkinginmath commented 10 years ago

+1 for this feature! There are many use cases for a static IP on a bridged interface. e.g, I want the VM guest to provide DHCP services to the bridged network in my case!!

tclh123 commented 10 years ago

+1

bohrqiu commented 10 years ago

+1

erronjason commented 10 years ago

+1

iongion commented 10 years ago

+1 3 years :(

youranwj commented 9 years ago

+1

anderm3 commented 9 years ago

@mitchellh I was coming by to add another :+1: to this, but I was wondering if you'd be open to a PR related to this request and I am wondering if there are some edge cases you are particularly concerned about?

rohan-plt commented 7 years ago

+1 The fact that so many people are resorting to hacks to do this anyway should indicate that it is possible to do this safely. "Just do this in the {router|DHCP server}" misses the reality that not all of us have full control of our environment. I am using Vagrant on a network where the IT department is actively hostile to anything that isn't Windows.

You could make this much simpler for us. You could trivially have Vagrant's internal SSH working over v6 link local addresses. Alternatively let us tell Vagrant the static IPv4 or IPv6 address we will configure and let us configure /etc/network/interfaces or the equivalent and ignore the rest of the networking config from there. Thanks,
-rohan

hedss commented 6 years ago

Heya, Vagrant is generally awesome, but I'm yet another +1 for this thread.

I, like many others here, want to use the VM as the DHCP server, amongst other services, and I'm also using hacks to do this atm.

ghost commented 4 years ago

I'm going to lock this issue because it has been closed for 30 days ⏳. This helps our maintainers find and focus on the active issues.

If you have found a problem that seems similar to this, please open a new issue and complete the issue template so we can capture all the details necessary to investigate further.