The failing test t_toUpper_char is guarded by a MIN_VERSION_base(...) condition which goes out of date almost every time we upgrade the Unicode version for the case mappings in text.
GHC 8.8/base 4.13 (what is available in the s390x runner) uses Unicode 12.0
Those two characters in the failing test case are from Unicode 13.0
(for the record, text is currently at Unicode 15.0)
https://github.com/haskell/text/actions/runs/9628836664/job/26557513845 failed with
I have not looked into it, just filing.