NATS: Cloud Native Messaging System

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related:

• [x] #193
• [x] #98

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NATS: 高性能消息队列中间件

• 不仅仅是个消息队列中间件.

官方:

• https://nats.io/
• https://github.com/nats-io

what-is-nats:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/what-is-nats

server:

• https://github.com/nats-io/nats-server
• https://github.com/nats-io/nats-streaming-server
• 已废弃
• 替代方案 jetstream: https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/jetstream

client:

• https://github.com/nats-io/nats.go
• https://github.com/nats-io/nats.py
• https://github.com/nats-io/nats.rs

应用场景:

• 消息队列中间件: Pub/Sub, 替代 kafka.
• 服务发现: go-micro 支持
• transport 层: stream 模式

特性:

• 支持的特性对比其他方案, 优缺点不言自明.

幂等: 在 JetStream 中最多可以使用一次，至少一次，并且恰好一次。

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/overview/compare-nats#delivery-guarantees

持久性:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/overview/compare-nats#message-retention-and-persistence

监控:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/overview/compare-nats#monitoring

第三方集成:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/overview/compare-nats#integrations

核心架构:

subjects:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/subjects

pubsub:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/core-nats/pubsub

reqreply:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/core-nats/reqreply

queue:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/core-nats/queue

JetStream:

• https://docs.nats.io/nats-concepts/jetstream

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ref:

• https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/40900130
• https://yoshiera.gitee.io/posts/nats/nats/
• https://cn.wbsnail.com/p/using-cloudevents-with-nats
• https://learnku.com/docs/go-micro/1.x/nats/8245
• https://toutiao.io/posts/p883vaw/preview
• https://blog.huoding.com/2021/05/21/907
• https://jigang-duan.github.io/2018/03/18/micro-on-nats/
• https://www.infoq.cn/article/2018/08/nats-liftbridge

nats + 服务发现:

• https://yuanxuxu.com/2018/07/10/go-microservice-service-discovery/

NATS 性能数据:

• https://bravenewgeek.com/dissecting-message-queues/

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SRE:

部署:

docker:

• https://docs.nats.io/running-a-nats-service/introduction/running#docker
• https://docs.nats.io/running-a-nats-service/nats_docker/nats-docker-tutorial
• https://docs.nats.io/running-a-nats-service/nats_docker/docker_swarm

docker pull nats:2.7-alpine3.15

docker run -p 4222:4222 -ti nats:latest

docker run -p 4222:4222 -p 8222:8222 -p 6222:6222 --name nats-server -ti nats:latest

docker-compose:

• https://github.com/better-sre/config/blob/main/docker-compose/local/infra-mq-nats-cluster.yml
  • 我的自定义配置:
• 官方选择: https://hub.docker.com/_/nats
• https://github.com/nats-io/nats-docker

version: '3.5'

services:
  nats:
    image: nats:2.7-alpine3.15
    container_name: nats
    restart: always
    ports:
      - '4222:4222'
      - '6222:6222'
      - '8222:8222'
    networks:
      - nats_net

# 自定义网络:
networks:
  nats_net:

• 社区选择: https://github.com/bitnami/bitnami-docker-nats/blob/master/docker-compose.yml

version: '2'

services:
  nats:
    image: docker.io/bitnami/nats:2
    ports:
      - '4222:4222'
      - '6222:6222'
      - '8222:8222'

监控 & UI:

监控:

• https://docs.nats.io/running-a-nats-service/configuration/monitoring

UI 搜索:

nats ui

• https://github.com/nats-io/nats-top
• https://github.com/sphqxe/NATS-WebUI
• https://github.com/piotrpersona/nats-streaming-ui
• https://github.com/devfacet/natsboard
• https://github.com/repejota/nats-mon

grafana:

• https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/2279

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NATS 开发:

• https://docs.nats.io/using-nats/developer

发送消息:

• https://docs.nats.io/using-nats/developer/sending

接收消息:

• https://docs.nats.io/using-nats/developer/receiving

监听连接:

• https://docs.nats.io/using-nats/developer/events

参考示例:

• https://www.jianshu.com/p/82ffdc7c9c74
• https://www.cnblogs.com/liang1101/p/6642467.html

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NATS 作为服务发现中间件:

go-micro + NATS + registry:

• https://github.com/asim/go-micro/blob/master/plugins/registry/nats/nats.go#L133

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使用案例:

• https://v2ex.com/t/855686

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