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hn / seagate-blackarmor-nas

Technical data (reverse engineered) and an alternative firmware (Debian GNU/Linux) for the Seagate Blackarmor NAS
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Test on Seagate 440 NAS #5

Open gazcbm opened 5 years ago

gazcbm commented 5 years ago

Hi - I have a Seagate 440 NAS that I would like to try your latest codebase on. Happy to provide my findings here. Is there anything I should be checking beforehand?

hn commented 5 years ago

Some thoughts:

I suggest the following steps:

gazcbm commented 5 years ago

Great thanks, just ordered a FTDI232r, will keep you updated

condector commented 5 years ago

Looking at your update on 440. I have one and lost the application that reset it. The problem here was that no new firmware was being developed. So, if it works, I will try also.

jariojose commented 5 years ago

@gazcbm I tried here to put Debian 5. Its works fine, but, there is a problem that I didn't find the solution:

Although, some peoples said that is possible change a file to show the correct messages. I tried it too, but, unsuccessful. So, I reset the NAS to Original Firmware. Remember: I didn't use the NAND Flashing, only using U-boot.

condector commented 5 years ago

@gazcbm do you have the application that reset the storage? The one on the Seagate website does not work at all... probably some problematic binary.

jariojose commented 5 years ago

@condector Do you need to format a disk? I remember when my NAS did not want to start to start. So, I removed the HD, and I had used a software (don't remember its name), created a RAID array in Linux. So, I formatted using Diskpart. Put it on NAS and it worked.

I remember that the Error messages was: No System HDD found. So, problem solved.

But I tried it about 1 year ago and worked well. http://knowledge.seagate.com/articles/en_US/FAQ/3004en

condector commented 5 years ago

No no, the disks are ok, the problem is that I want to factory reset my system, but the application that creates the URL using the MAC Address of the NAS not work anymore (the application on the Seagate web site).

condector commented 5 years ago

If you have this tool, I will really appreciate you know.

jariojose commented 5 years ago

I looked for it, but I didn't find.

Are you sure that NAS is Turn On? If you want, you could reset through the button on the back.

I found this link: http://www.tomshardware.com/answers/id-3549625/rebuild-reset-seagate-blackarmor-440-nas.html

vrtlspd commented 5 years ago

is there the possibility to port this to BlackArmor SRN02D?

Here is the boot log: https://pastebin.com/30qvrtWT

hn commented 5 years ago

@vrtlspd From a quick 1-minute check of the boot log I think it shouldn't be too hard to install a standard Debian GNU/Linux system on the BlackArmor SRN02D. U-Boot is located on flash, Kernel and Initramfs are located on SD card. You can start by stopping the U-Boot loader (Hit any key to stop autoboot) and printenv to further analyze the boot process. You can even try to boot a different kernel/initrd/rootfs via netboot for a quick compatibilty check of the hardware.

This project is for the "old" Blackarmor series and due to the big differences in hardware it does not make sense to include support for the "new" series.

vrtlspd commented 5 years ago

Hi, I'm not very experienced with linux and changing kernels.

CPU works at 700 MHz (700/1/1) DDR2 Speed is 400 MHz Restoring RTC Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 Whitney # Whitney # Whitney # Whitney # ? ? - alias for 'help' base - print or set address offset bcm - read/write bcm53115m register bdinfo - print Board Info structure bootelf - Boot from an ELF image in memory bootm - boot application image from memory bootp - boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol bootvx - Boot vxWorks from an ELF image cmp - memory compare cp - memory copy crc32 - checksum calculation date - get/set/reset date & time dcache - enable or disable data cache dhcp - boot image via network using DHCP/TFTP protocol erase - erase FLASH memory via parallel interface erase_spi - erase FLASH memory via serial interface ext2load- load binary file from a Ext2 filesystem ext2ls - list files in a directory (default /) fatinfo - print information about filesystem fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem fatls - list files in a directory (default /) flinfo - print FLASH memory information go - start application at address 'addr' help - print online help icache - enable or disable instruction cache iminfo - print header information for application image loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode) loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode) loop - infinite loop on address range md - memory display mdio - read/write PHY register memtest_cns3000 - cns3000 RAM test mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing) mmcinit - init mmc card mtest - simple RAM test mw - memory write (fill) nm - memory modify (constant address) ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host printenv- print environment variables protect - enable or disable parallel FLASH write protection protect_spi - enable or disable serial FLASH write protection rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol reset - Perform RESET of the CPU run - run commands in an environment variable saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage scsi - SCSI sub-system scsiboot- boot from SCSI device setenv - set environment variables tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol usb - USB sub-system usbboot - boot from USB device version - print monitor version Whitney # printenv ethaddr=00:11:22:XX:XX:XX netboot=0 bootargs=root=/dev/mtdblock0 mem=256M console=ttyS0 bootdelay=2 baudrate=38400 ipaddr=192.168.1.2 port=0 boardtest_state_memory=none model_name=whitney_2bay cpu_clock=700 mfgmodel=halfdome netmask=255.255.0.0 bootfile="/tftpboot/uImage" tftp_bsize=512 udp_frag_size=512 whitney_state=saved opid=Z11022623 hddlocation=C hddpn=1CH164-515 serialNo=NA6F0XP8 ethaddr0=00:10:75:XX:XX:XX ethaddr1=00:10:75:XX:XX:XX modelname=1BW5P3-500 serial_number=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX tftp_serverip=192.168.32.4 serverip=192.168.32.4 tftp_path=halfdome/bootimage autoload=no netboot_cmd=dhcp;setenv serverip ${tftp_serverip}; tftp 0x4000000 ${tftp_path}/bootpImage; go 0x4000000; fw_zone=normal create_volume=pass mfgtest_state=final_tested_ok current_kernel=kernel1 num_boot_tries=0 rtclog=52779be6 stdin=serial stdout=serial stderr=serial verify=n

luctrev commented 5 years ago

Hi

After successfully install on NAS110, I am now getting ready to do the installation on NAS400. Can someone guide me on how to keep the functionality of LCD and buttons on new installation?

Thanks LST

hn commented 5 years ago

@luctrev I suggest to try to do the basic install first, to see if things work at all.

I think there will be ways to fiddle with the necessary IO pins for LCD and buttons if you have a running system.

LoonSongSoftware commented 5 years ago

I can't tell (from the above) whether anyone has actually had any success on a BlackArmor 440. The motherboard on mine seems quite different from the 220...I can't find any serial connector/pins to control the boot process. So, there's nothing to connect a FTDI232r to. There is an empty space (labeled CN4, if I recall) that has no pins--just two rows of five solder points where a connector might go. Maybe Seagate removed the serial interface connector to stop folks like us from hacking their systems? (I'm not eager to solder a new connector--not even sure what this empty space is intended for.)

Ideas? Has anyone else actually disassembled their 440 NAS?

luctrev commented 5 years ago

I can't tell (from the above) whether anyone has actually had any success on a BlackArmor 440. The motherboard on mine seems quite different from the 220...I can't find any serial connector/pins to control the boot process. So, there's nothing to connect a FTDI232r to. There is an empty space (labeled CN4, if I recall) that has no pins--just two rows of five solder points where a connector might go. Maybe Seagate removed the serial interface connector to stop folks like us from hacking their systems? (I'm not eager to solder a new connector--not even sure what this empty space is intended for.)

Ideas? Has anyone else actually disassembled their 440 NAS?

Hi

Look here https://github.com/hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas/blob/master/seagate-blackarmor-nas.txt

  1. Serial connector The following pinout has been published by user Mike Seeley github.com/mjseeley (BA440) on the Seagate Support Forum. It works for the BA220, too.

    Please make sure to use a 3.3V cable (search for 'CA-42 USB'). A 5V TTL cable may damage your NAS permanently.

    CN4
    9|-X-0-|10 7|-0-0-|8 5|-0-X-|6 3|-0-X-|4 1|-X-0-|2

    Pin 1 - TX Pin 4 - RX Pin 6 - GND Pin 9 - VCC 3.3V

    Baud rate 115200

luctrev commented 5 years ago

@luctrev I suggest to try to do the basic install first, to see if things work at all.

I think there will be ways to fiddle with the necessary IO pins for LCD and buttons if you have a running system.

Hi @hn

When I upgraded BA400 to Debian 6, I saved the following files:

/etc/btn.poweroff /etc/init.d/S99lcm /usr/sbin/wixsendevent /usr/sbin/btn_monitor

But in case of a fresh install I don't know if it will work!

LoonSongSoftware commented 5 years ago

Thanks. I've seen that (and Googled around to find Mike's original post on the "Seagate Support Forum" (which seems to have been deleted some years ago)). My issue is that there are no "pins" at that location. Just solder spots. So I either need to solder in my own connector with pins or find some other way to temporarily attach the USB/Serial converter to the four locations. I was mostly asking whether any of the BA440 owners had the same experience and, if so, how they resolved it. I'm not eager to start soldering!

(I've attached a photo of the relevant portion of the motherboard...just to the right of the screw. IMG_1861 )

mjseeley commented 5 years ago

I think this is the right part. When I originally did the pin outs it had the headers. I just used jumper wires to hook things up. Now they have all those ftdi breakout boards. With all the activity on this it make me want to pull the two 440s I have out of storage to play with again.

hn commented 5 years ago

@luctrev I think those utilitiy binaries you saved do not help that much because they likely do not contain code to directly access the hardware.

The fan speed can be set via I2C: https://github.com/hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas#additional-tuning. It is very likely that the buttons and LCD display are connected via I2C bus or dedicated IO pins as well. You may need to fork/patch the kernel DTS file (https://lore.kernel.org/patchwork/patch/529020/ ) to access them (or to get the kernel running at all, to access additional SATA ports, ...)

But that's just a quick guess. If you or someone else owns a BA440, just try to boot the kernel and basic system to see if things work at all.

LoonSongSoftware commented 5 years ago

@mjseeley (and anyone else with a BA440): I went ahead and soldered a header onto the board. Sure enough, connecting an FTDI USB/Serial device to pins 1,4,6, and 9 do, in fact, provide serial communication access to the device. If anyone's going to do the same, be aware that pin 1 is the one with the thicker border line in the corner. I quadruple-checked that, because I didn't want to accidentally fry the board.

I can provide some photos if desired (but it's not pretty--I used a "female" header that I had sitting around, so the connections are extra tall!).

Now to upgrade the firmware/OS...

Ken-L commented 5 years ago

@LoonSongSoftware any progress on the firmware/OS upgrade?

LoonSongSoftware commented 5 years ago

No. It failed and the machine bricked. Now I’m trying to find some time to try to reload/reset the firmware via the JTAG interface. Maybe over the winter.

From: Ken-L notifications@github.com Sent: Monday, December 2, 2019 3:47 PM To: hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas seagate-blackarmor-nas@noreply.github.com Cc: D. Scott Miller scott@ustiger.net; Mention mention@noreply.github.com Subject: Re: [hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas] Test on Seagate 440 NAS (#5)

@LoonSongSoftwarehttps://github.com/LoonSongSoftware any progress on the firmware/OS upgrade?

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hn commented 5 years ago

@LoonSongSoftware what do you exactly mean by 'bricked'? The U-Boot bootloader does not start? Is there any serial output?

LoonSongSoftware commented 5 years ago

It’s been a while since I fried it. But my recollection is that the board didn’t have a the serial connector soldered on (like your photo). So I think I did make the connections (surface mount) and saw no signals.

But give me 24 hours and I’ll dig out the machine and refresh my memory.

From: Hajo Noerenberg notifications@github.com Sent: Monday, December 2, 2019 4:19 PM To: hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas seagate-blackarmor-nas@noreply.github.com Cc: D. Scott Miller scott@ustiger.net; Mention mention@noreply.github.com Subject: Re: [hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas] Test on Seagate 440 NAS (#5)

@LoonSongSoftwarehttps://github.com/LoonSongSoftware what do you exactly mean by 'bricked'? The U-Boot bootloader does not start? Is there any serial output?

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Ken-L commented 4 years ago

@LoonSongSoftware Bummer. Well... thanks for bricking your nas for the community. I'm interested to see what you come up with.

bantu commented 4 years ago

I've done some work on the 400/440 in 2015, which may or may not be useful to the discussion here.

From my paper notes attached to the device, I can see that back then I got a stock install of Debian Jessie running, but I ended up putting the device away because it randomly crashed and I did not have the time to debug it.

My notes are available at https://gist.github.com/bantu/d456865b91be6c99320b

Highlights probably include

bantu commented 4 years ago

It appears that in my setup, the kernel (and initrd and device tree) is loaded from the ext4 root filesystem held on an external usb drive. This should allow me to trivially make a backup of the system and to try to update to stretch and then buster.

hn commented 4 years ago

@bantu thanks for sharing your work! This looks very promising, I've shared your links in my README. Maybe you or somebody else will find some time to finalize the patches (it's christmas again ... :)).

bantu commented 4 years ago

This should allow me to trivially make a backup of the system and to try to update to stretch and then buster.

I've updated from Debian Jessie to Debian Stretch to Debian Buster using the usual apt mechanisms without any issue. Device is now busy shredding SATA disks. Will update the gist shortly.

bantu commented 4 years ago

I ended up putting the device away because it randomly crashed

My device also behaves this way after updating to Debian Buster. I am not sure how to debug this problem.

sharrq27 commented 4 years ago

Any new developments on this? I have an old 440 I am very interested in trying this on, but I am a little out of my league and was hoping someone might be willing to help me through it. EDIT: Although now I see you had random crash on both Jessie and Buster. I misread that previously.

LoonSongSoftware commented 4 years ago

I’ll try to spend some time on this over the next day or so. And will let you know.

From: sharrq27 notifications@github.com Sent: Thursday, February 6, 2020 2:20 PM To: hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas seagate-blackarmor-nas@noreply.github.com Cc: D. Scott Miller scott@ustiger.net; Mention mention@noreply.github.com Subject: Re: [hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas] Test on Seagate 440 NAS (#5)

Any new developments on this? I have an old 440 I am very interested in trying this on, but I am a little out of my league and was hoping someone might be willing to help me through it.

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LoonSongSoftware commented 4 years ago

OK. I finally got around to digging out the NAS440 and trying again. Still no luck. Here are the symptoms: 1) when the machine is plugged in to power, the display shows the row of blocks (typical for startup) and stays like that. The blue power light comes on. Pressing the power or reset buttons does nothing. 2) if there's a serial connection (as described in README.md, but with nothing attached to pin 9 (+3.3v)), there will appear to be a serial connection, but no obvious data flow. (But I do get a few random bytes if I unplug the power (before the serial connection receives . Linux continues to see /dev/ttyUSB0, so the connection is sort of alive.)). 3) if I do the same, but also connect the +3.3v to pin 9, I get slightly different behavior: the connection will drop (/dev/ttyUSB0 goes away) when power is turned off, and it doesn't appear in Linux until power is applied to the NAS. That makes it difficult to see if there's any data sent immediately upon NAS power-on, but I doubt it. 4) The JTAG space is the same as for the serial port--no soldered-on connector. And I only see circuit board traces for GND and nSRST. That doesn't look like anywhere near enough to re-flash uBoot. So I'm not inclined to bother pulling out the soldering gun again.

Sorry I wasn't more successful and don't have any great suggestions. I have lots of backups of the firmware and software, but I didn't anticipate not even getting uBoot to start. Fortunately, I was willing and able to withstand a bricked NAS440.

sharrq27 commented 4 years ago

Thanks so much for looking into this, really impressed you spent the time to do this investigation. Guess just going to stick with the stock, since it’s better than a brick for me.

On Feb 17, 2020, at 3:40 PM, LoonSong Software notifications@github.com wrote:

 OK. I finally got around to digging out the NAS440 and trying again. Still no luck. Here are the symptoms:

when the machine is plugged in to power, the display shows the row of blocks (typical for startup) and stays like that. The blue power light comes on. Pressing the power or reset buttons does nothing. if there's a serial connection (as described in README.md, but with nothing attached to pin 9 (+3.3v)), there will appear to be a serial connection, but no obvious data flow. (But I do get a few random bytes if I unplug the power (before the serial connection receives . Linux continues to see /dev/ttyUSB0, so the connection is sort of alive.)). if I do the same, but also connect the +3.3v to pin 9, I get slightly different behavior: the connection will drop (/dev/ttyUSB0 goes away) when power is turned off, and it doesn't appear in Linux until power is applied to the NAS. That makes it difficult to see if there's any data sent immediately upon NAS power-on, but I doubt it. The JTAG space is the same as for the serial port--no soldered-on connector. And I only see circuit board traces for GND and nSRST. That doesn't look like anywhere near enough to re-flash uBoot. So I'm not inclined to bother pulling out the soldering gun again. Sorry I wasn't more successful and don't have any great suggestions. I have lots of backups of the firmware and software, but I didn't anticipate not even getting uBoot to start. Fortunately, I was willing and able to withstand a bricked NAS440.

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bantu commented 4 years ago

@LoonSongSoftware I remember successfully using the serial console back then. Here are some pics.

Board with cable soldered on nas400-board-overview

Other end of cable connected to Raspberry Pi nas400-serial-connector

bantu commented 4 years ago

If I remember correctly, the next step after connecting to the serial console was to "upgrade" to an "u-boot netconsole". However, I do not recall whether that applied only after the u-boot on the flash was updated or also before.

LoonSongSoftware commented 4 years ago

With no u-boot prompt (or anything), I don’t see how I could try that (all of the Google results suggest that enabling netconsole needs to be done from a u-boot console prompt). But it may be helpful to others.

For anyone considering doing this on a BA440, what I’d do differently (at least) would be to confirm that I can connect to the serial port before overwriting firmware. Yes, it would involve buying a Serial-USB converter (as shown). And, yes, it might involve soldering a connector (or individual leads) to the board. But it would provide a better baseline as to what to expect when connecting if something goes wrong. All I get is (I think) a connection, but with no evidence that data is coming or going. So I can’t tell for sure if it’s crappy soldering (possible, but I doubt it) or no u-boot resident in the firmware (which I suspect).

flex4gh commented 3 years ago

Hi, I got a Seagate BlackArmor 440, and I'm tring to install debian following the guide

https://github.com/hn/seagate-blackarmor-nas

Everything works well up to postinstall. So I have some questions to understand if I did well and how to continue to complete the procedure.

1) To execute blackarmor-nas-debian-prep.sh I coment exit 1 at line 49. It's right?

2) During installation I received the message

No boot loader has been installed, either because you chose not to or because your specific architeture doesn't support a boot loader yet.
You will need to boot manually with the kernel on partition /dev/sda1 and root=/dev/sda1 passed as a kernel argument.

3) I tried to modify blackarmor-nas-debian-postinstall.sh to work with ba440 but but gives me an error installing linux-image-marvell

Unsupported platform.
run-parts: /etc/initramfs/post-update.d//flash-kernel exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):
 installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 initramfs-tools
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

Anyway I tried to finish the procedure but, of course, give me error getting kernel

U-Boot 2017.11 (Jun 23 2021 - 17:38:36 +0200)
NAS 440

SoC:   Kirkwood 88F6281_A1
DRAM:  256 MiB
WARNING: Caches not enabled
NAND:  32 MiB
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Net:   egiga0, egiga1
Error: egiga1 address not set.

88E1116 Initialized on egiga0
88E1116 Initialized on egiga1
IDE:   ide_preinit failed
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  3  2  1  0 

NAND read: device 0 offset 0xc0000, size 0x500000
 5242880 bytes read: OK

NAND read: device 0 offset 0x5c0000, size 0x1a3fff0
 27525104 bytes read: OK
Wrong Image Format for bootm command
ERROR: can't get kernel image!
nas440>

Can anyone help me complete the procedure in the right way?

hn commented 3 years ago

@flex4gh , see README.txt:

Support for the NAS 440 is currently alpha quality! Things are incomplete

Commenting exit 1 is not sufficient :) I'm going to try to push some more pending changes, but I can't tell you when I'll find time to do that.

flex4gh commented 3 years ago

@hn I know that support for ba440 is allpha. That's not a problem for me.

I have time to work on this project. If you explain to me what to work I can try to finish the procedure for ba440.

hn commented 3 years ago

@flex4gh I think it's worth trying with the latest patches. And ... even Bullseye works :)

Debian GNU/Linux 11 nas440 ttyS0

nas440 login: root
Password:
Linux nas440 5.10.0-9-marvell #1 Debian 5.10.70-1 (2021-09-30) armv5tel

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Tue Jul 13 19:29:49 CEST 2021 on ttyS0
root@nas440:~# cat /proc/device-tree/model
Seagate Blackarmor NAS440
root@nas440:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description:    Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
Release:        11
Codename:       bullseye
root@nas440:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor       : 0
model name      : Feroceon 88FR131 rev 1 (v5l)
BogoMIPS        : 400.00
Features        : swp half thumb fastmult edsp
CPU implementer : 0x56
CPU architecture: 5TE
CPU variant     : 0x2
CPU part        : 0x131
CPU revision    : 1

Hardware        : Marvell Kirkwood (Flattened Device Tree)
Revision        : 0000
Serial          : 0000000000000000
root@nas440:~# uname -a
Linux nas440 5.10.0-9-marvell #1 Debian 5.10.70-1 (2021-09-30) armv5tel GNU/Linux
root@nas440:~#

But remember: HDD slots 1 and 2 do NOT work

YasinKocabas commented 2 years ago

I appreciate your work. I have a Nas 440, I am not experienced on linux, so I want to try to use it when it starts working stable. I enjoy following your updates. I hope you succeed, thank you all.