I/O

[hug2wisdom]

str('Hello World')   
# result 
'Hello World'

repr('Hello World')
# result
"'Hello World'"

# The repr() of a string adds string quotes and backslashes:
hello = 'hello, world\n'
hellos = repr(hello)
print(hellos)
# result
'hello, world\n'

---

To change the file object’s position, use f.seek(offset, from_what). The position is computed from adding offset to a reference point; the reference point is selected by the from_what argument. A from_what value of 0 measures from the beginning of the file, 1 uses the current file position, and 2 uses the end of the file as the reference point. from_what can be omitted and defaults to 0, using the beginning of the file as the reference point.

>>> f = open('workfile', 'rb+')
>>> f.write(b'0123456789abcdef')
16
>>> f.seek(5)      # Go to the 6th byte in the file
5
>>> f.read(1)
b'5'
>>> f.seek(-3, 2)  # Go to the 3rd byte before the end
13
>>> f.read(1)
b'd'

f.tell() returns an integer giving the file object’s current position in the file represented as number of bytes from the beginning of the file when in binary mode and an opaque number when in text mode.

In text files (those opened without a b in the mode string), only seeks relative to the beginning of the file are allowed (the exception being seeking to the very file end with seek(0, 2)) and the only valid offset values are those returned from the f.tell(), or zero. Any other offset value produces undefined behaviour.

在文本文件中 (那些打开文件的模式下没有 b 的), 只会相对于文件起 始位置进行定位, (如果要定文件的最后面, 要用 seek(0, 2) )