In jsonwebtoken node module before 4.2.2 it is possible for an attacker to bypass verification when a token digitally signed with an asymmetric key (RS/ES family) of algorithms but instead the attacker send a token digitally signed with a symmetric algorithm (HS* family).
In express-jwt (NPM package) up and including version 5.3.3, the algorithms entry to be specified in the configuration is not being enforced. When algorithms is not specified in the configuration, with the combination of jwks-rsa, it may lead to authorization bypass. You are affected by this vulnerability if all of the following conditions apply: - You are using express-jwt - You do not have **algorithms** configured in your express-jwt configuration. - You are using libraries such as jwks-rsa as the **secret**. You can fix this by specifying **algorithms** in the express-jwt configuration. See linked GHSA for example. This is also fixed in version 6.0.0.
Moment.js is a JavaScript date library for parsing, validating, manipulating, and formatting dates. A path traversal vulnerability impacts npm (server) users of Moment.js between versions 1.0.1 and 2.29.1, especially if a user-provided locale string is directly used to switch moment locale. This problem is patched in 2.29.2, and the patch can be applied to all affected versions. As a workaround, sanitize the user-provided locale name before passing it to Moment.js.
The moment module before 2.19.3 for Node.js is prone to a regular expression denial of service via a crafted date string, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4055.
The duration function in the moment package before 2.11.2 for Node.js allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a long string, aka a "regular expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)."
In versions `<=8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library, lack of algorithm definition in the `jwt.verify()` function can lead to signature validation bypass due to defaulting to the `none` algorithm for signature verification. Users are affected if you do not specify algorithms in the `jwt.verify()` function. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0 which removes the default support for the none algorithm in the `jwt.verify()` method. There will be no impact, if you update to version 9.0.0 and you don’t need to allow for the `none` algorithm. If you need 'none' algorithm, you have to explicitly specify that in `jwt.verify()` options.
Versions `<=8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library could be misconfigured so that legacy, insecure key types are used for signature verification. For example, DSA keys could be used with the RS256 algorithm. You are affected if you are using an algorithm and a key type other than a combination listed in the GitHub Security Advisory as unaffected. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0. This version validates for asymmetric key type and algorithm combinations. Please refer to the above mentioned algorithm / key type combinations for the valid secure configuration. After updating to version 9.0.0, if you still intend to continue with signing or verifying tokens using invalid key type/algorithm value combinations, you’ll need to set the `allowInvalidAsymmetricKeyTypes` option to `true` in the `sign()` and/or `verify()` functions.
jsonwebtoken is an implementation of JSON Web Tokens. Versions `<= 8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library can be misconfigured so that passing a poorly implemented key retrieval function referring to the `secretOrPublicKey` argument from the readme link will result in incorrect verification of tokens. There is a possibility of using a different algorithm and key combination in verification, other than the one that was used to sign the tokens. Specifically, tokens signed with an asymmetric public key could be verified with a symmetric HS256 algorithm. This can lead to successful validation of forged tokens. If your application is supporting usage of both symmetric key and asymmetric key in jwt.verify() implementation with the same key retrieval function. This issue has been patched, please update to version 9.0.0.
jws before 3.0.0 allows users to select what algorithm the server will use to verify a provided JWT. A malicious actor can use this behaviour to arbitrarily modify the contents of a JWT while still passing verification. For the common use case of the JWT as a bearer token, the end result is a complete authentication bypass with minimal effort.
JWT authentication middleware.
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/express-jwt/-/express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/package.json
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Vulnerabilities
**In some cases, Remediation PR cannot be created automatically for a vulnerability despite the availability of remediation
Details
CVE-2015-9235
### Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgzJSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - :x: **jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsIn jsonwebtoken node module before 4.2.2 it is possible for an attacker to bypass verification when a token digitally signed with an asymmetric key (RS/ES family) of algorithms but instead the attacker send a token digitally signed with a symmetric algorithm (HS* family).
Publish Date: 2018-05-29
URL: CVE-2015-9235
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.6%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (9.8)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: Low - Privileges Required: None - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: High - Integrity Impact: High - Availability Impact: High
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2015-9235
Release Date: 2018-04-26
Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 4.2.0
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 2.1.0
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2020-15084
### Vulnerable Library - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgzJWT authentication middleware.
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/express-jwt/-/express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - :x: **express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsIn express-jwt (NPM package) up and including version 5.3.3, the algorithms entry to be specified in the configuration is not being enforced. When algorithms is not specified in the configuration, with the combination of jwks-rsa, it may lead to authorization bypass. You are affected by this vulnerability if all of the following conditions apply: - You are using express-jwt - You do not have **algorithms** configured in your express-jwt configuration. - You are using libraries such as jwks-rsa as the **secret**. You can fix this by specifying **algorithms** in the express-jwt configuration. See linked GHSA for example. This is also fixed in version 6.0.0.
Publish Date: 2020-06-30
URL: CVE-2020-15084
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.2%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (7.7)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: High - Privileges Required: Low - User Interaction: Required - Scope: Changed - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: High - Integrity Impact: High - Availability Impact: None
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://github.com/auth0/express-jwt/security/advisories/GHSA-6g6m-m6h5-w9gf
Release Date: 2020-06-30
Fix Resolution: 6.0.0
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2022-24785
### Vulnerable Library - moment-2.0.0.tgzParse, manipulate, and display dates.
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/moment/-/moment-2.0.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/moment/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz - :x: **moment-2.0.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsMoment.js is a JavaScript date library for parsing, validating, manipulating, and formatting dates. A path traversal vulnerability impacts npm (server) users of Moment.js between versions 1.0.1 and 2.29.1, especially if a user-provided locale string is directly used to switch moment locale. This problem is patched in 2.29.2, and the patch can be applied to all affected versions. As a workaround, sanitize the user-provided locale name before passing it to Moment.js.
Publish Date: 2022-04-04
URL: CVE-2022-24785
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.4%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: Low - Privileges Required: None - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: None - Integrity Impact: High - Availability Impact: None
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://github.com/moment/moment/security/advisories/GHSA-8hfj-j24r-96c4
Release Date: 2022-04-04
Fix Resolution (moment): 2.29.2
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 0.1.4
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2017-18214
### Vulnerable Library - moment-2.0.0.tgzParse, manipulate, and display dates.
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/moment/-/moment-2.0.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/moment/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz - :x: **moment-2.0.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsThe moment module before 2.19.3 for Node.js is prone to a regular expression denial of service via a crafted date string, a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-4055.
Publish Date: 2018-03-04
URL: CVE-2017-18214
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.2%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: Low - Privileges Required: None - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: None - Integrity Impact: None - Availability Impact: High
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-446m-mv8f-q348
Release Date: 2018-03-04
Fix Resolution (moment): 2.19.3
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 0.1.4
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2016-4055
### Vulnerable Library - moment-2.0.0.tgzParse, manipulate, and display dates.
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/moment/-/moment-2.0.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/moment/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz - :x: **moment-2.0.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsThe duration function in the moment package before 2.11.2 for Node.js allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a long string, aka a "regular expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)."
Publish Date: 2017-01-23
URL: CVE-2016-4055
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.8%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (6.5)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: Low - Privileges Required: Low - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: None - Integrity Impact: None - Availability Impact: High
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-87vv-r9j6-g5qv
Release Date: 2017-01-23
Fix Resolution (moment): 2.11.2
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 0.1.4
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2022-23540
### Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgzJSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - :x: **jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsIn versions `<=8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library, lack of algorithm definition in the `jwt.verify()` function can lead to signature validation bypass due to defaulting to the `none` algorithm for signature verification. Users are affected if you do not specify algorithms in the `jwt.verify()` function. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0 which removes the default support for the none algorithm in the `jwt.verify()` method. There will be no impact, if you update to version 9.0.0 and you don’t need to allow for the `none` algorithm. If you need 'none' algorithm, you have to explicitly specify that in `jwt.verify()` options.
Publish Date: 2022-12-22
URL: CVE-2022-23540
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.1%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (6.4)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: High - Privileges Required: Low - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: Low - Integrity Impact: High - Availability Impact: Low
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-23540
Release Date: 2022-12-22
Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 9.0.0
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 8.0.0
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2022-23539
### Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgzJSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - :x: **jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsVersions `<=8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library could be misconfigured so that legacy, insecure key types are used for signature verification. For example, DSA keys could be used with the RS256 algorithm. You are affected if you are using an algorithm and a key type other than a combination listed in the GitHub Security Advisory as unaffected. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0. This version validates for asymmetric key type and algorithm combinations. Please refer to the above mentioned algorithm / key type combinations for the valid secure configuration. After updating to version 9.0.0, if you still intend to continue with signing or verifying tokens using invalid key type/algorithm value combinations, you’ll need to set the `allowInvalidAsymmetricKeyTypes` option to `true` in the `sign()` and/or `verify()` functions.
Publish Date: 2022-12-22
URL: CVE-2022-23539
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.1%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (5.9)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: High - Privileges Required: Low - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: Low - Integrity Impact: High - Availability Impact: None
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://github.com/auth0/node-jsonwebtoken/security/advisories/GHSA-8cf7-32gw-wr33
Release Date: 2022-12-23
Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 9.0.0
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 8.0.0
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
WS-2016-0075
### Vulnerable Library - moment-2.0.0.tgzParse, manipulate, and display dates.
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/moment/-/moment-2.0.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/moment/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz - :x: **moment-2.0.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability DetailsRegular expression denial of service vulnerability in the moment package, by using a specific 40 characters long string in the "format" method.
Publish Date: 2016-10-24
URL: WS-2016-0075
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS:
### CVSS 3 Score Details (5.3)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: Low - Privileges Required: None - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: None - Integrity Impact: None - Availability Impact: Low
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Release Date: 2016-10-24
Fix Resolution (moment): 2.15.2
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 0.1.4
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2022-23541
### Vulnerable Library - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgzJSON Web Token implementation (symmetric and asymmetric)
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jsonwebtoken/-/jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/express-jwt/node_modules/jsonwebtoken/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - :x: **jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability Detailsjsonwebtoken is an implementation of JSON Web Tokens. Versions `<= 8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library can be misconfigured so that passing a poorly implemented key retrieval function referring to the `secretOrPublicKey` argument from the readme link will result in incorrect verification of tokens. There is a possibility of using a different algorithm and key combination in verification, other than the one that was used to sign the tokens. Specifically, tokens signed with an asymmetric public key could be verified with a symmetric HS256 algorithm. This can lead to successful validation of forged tokens. If your application is supporting usage of both symmetric key and asymmetric key in jwt.verify() implementation with the same key retrieval function. This issue has been patched, please update to version 9.0.0.
Publish Date: 2022-12-22
URL: CVE-2022-23541
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS: 0.1%
### CVSS 3 Score Details (5.0)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: High - Privileges Required: Low - User Interaction: None - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: Low - Integrity Impact: Low - Availability Impact: Low
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://github.com/auth0/node-jsonwebtoken/security/advisories/GHSA-hjrf-2m68-5959
Release Date: 2022-12-22
Fix Resolution (jsonwebtoken): 9.0.0
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 8.0.0
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
CVE-2016-1000223
### Vulnerable Library - jws-0.2.6.tgzImplementation of JSON Web Signatures
Library home page: https://registry.npmjs.org/jws/-/jws-0.2.6.tgz
Path to dependency file: /package.json
Path to vulnerable library: /node_modules/jws/package.json
Dependency Hierarchy: - express-jwt-0.1.3.tgz (Root Library) - jsonwebtoken-0.1.0.tgz - :x: **jws-0.2.6.tgz** (Vulnerable Library)
Found in HEAD commit: d2d0d2b900f299d8000bdd7fcb8304b284f12871
Found in base branch: master
### Vulnerability Detailsjws before 3.0.0 allows users to select what algorithm the server will use to verify a provided JWT. A malicious actor can use this behaviour to arbitrarily modify the contents of a JWT while still passing verification. For the common use case of the JWT as a bearer token, the end result is a complete authentication bypass with minimal effort.
Publish Date: 2024-11-03
URL: CVE-2016-1000223
### Threat AssessmentExploit Maturity: Not Defined
EPSS:
### CVSS 3 Score Details (4.6)Base Score Metrics: - Exploitability Metrics: - Attack Vector: Network - Attack Complexity: High - Privileges Required: Low - User Interaction: Required - Scope: Unchanged - Impact Metrics: - Confidentiality Impact: Low - Integrity Impact: Low - Availability Impact: Low
For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here. ### Suggested FixType: Upgrade version
Origin: https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/88
Release Date: 2020-07-21
Fix Resolution (jws): 3.0.0
Direct dependency fix Resolution (express-jwt): 3.0.0
In order to enable automatic remediation, please create workflow rules
In order to enable automatic remediation for this issue, please create workflow rules