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Section 1: Summary of your model
Creator/Contributor Creator/contributor is Dan Sandiford (0000-0002-2207-6837)
Model Repository Slug
Model repo will be created with name sandiford_2021_detachment_1
Field of Research (FoR) Codes
#FoR_3706: Geophysics
License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Model Category
- model published in study
Associated Publication Found publication: Kinematics of Footwall Exhumation at Oceanic Detachment faults: Solid‐Block Rotation and Apparent Unbending
Title Kinematics of Footwall Exhumation at Oceanic Detachment faults: Solid‐Block Rotation and Apparent Unbending
Description Seafloor spreading at slow rates can be accommodated on large‐offset oceanic detachment faults (ODFs), that exhume lower crustal and mantle rocks in footwall domes termed oceanic core complexes (OCCs). Footwall rocks experience large rotation during exhumation, yet important aspects of the kinematics—particularly the relative roles of solid‐block rotation and flexure—are not clearly understood. Using a high‐resolution numerical model, we explore the exhumation kinematics in the footwall beneath an emergent ODF/OCC. A key feature of the models is that footwall motion is dominated by solid‐block rotation, accommodated by the nonplanar, concave‐down fault interface. A consequence is that curvature measured along the ODF is representative of a neutral stress configuration, rather than a “bent” one. Instead, it is in the subsequent process of “apparent unbending” that significant flexural stresses are developed in the model footwall. The brittle strain associated with apparent unbending is produced dominantly in extension, beneath the OCC, consistent with earthquake clustering observed in the Trans‐Atlantic Geotraverse at the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge.
Model Authors
- Dan Sandiford (0000-0002-2207-6837)
- Sascha Brune (0000-0003-4985-1810)
- Anne Glerum (0000-0002-9481-1749)
- John Naliboff (0000-0002-5697-7203)
- Joanne M. Whittaker (0000-0002-3170-3935)
Funder
- Australian Research Council (https://ror.org/05mmh0f86)
Section 2: your model code, output data
Include model code? True
Model code URI/DOI https://github.com/dansand/odf_paper
Include model output data? True
Section 3: software framework and compute details
Software Framework DOI/URI Found software: ASPECT v2.3.0
Software Repository https://github.com/geodynamics/aspect
Name of primary software framework ASPECT v2.3.0
Software framework authors
- Wolfgang Bangerth (0000-0003-2311-9402)
- Juliane Dannberg (0000-0003-0357-7115)
- Menno Fraters
- Rene Gassmoeller (0000-0001-7098-8198)
- Anne Glerum
- Timo Heister (0000-0002-8137-3903)
- John Naliboff
Section 4: web material (for mate.science)
Landing page image Filename: image.png Caption: Here is a cool image of my model.
Animation Filename: animation.mp4 Caption: Here is a caption for my animation
Model setup figure Filename: image.png Caption: Here is a caption for my model setup
Model setup description The domain is $400 \; \mathrm{km}$ wide and $100 \; \mathrm{km}$ deep, and includes five levels of mesh refinement, as shown in the figure. The model is initialised with a symmetric temperature structure, defined by a transient 1-D cooling profile, with an age of $0.5 \; \mathrm{Myr}$ in the center of the domain. The thermal profile ages outwardly in proportion to the applied spreading rate of $2 \; \mathrm{cm\,{yr}^{-1}}$ (full rate), which is representative for slow spreading ridges. Uniform inflow at the bottom boundary balances the outward flux of material at the side boundaries. The model has a true free surface, and a diffusion process is applied to the surface topography in order to counteract strong mesh deformation. A simplification here is that the effect of the water column is ignored, i.e. the detachment system is modeled as sub-aerial. There is no compositional differentiation in the model (i.e. no crust/mantle) and all parts of the domain are subject to the same constitutive model. The constitutive model incorporates viscous (dislocation creep), elastic and plastic (pseudo-brittle) deformation mechanisms, hereafter referred to as visco-elastic plastic (VEP) rheology, following the approach of Moresi et al. (2003). The advection-diffusion equation included an anomalously- high diffusivity $(3 \times {10}^{-6} \; \mathrm{m^2 \, s^{-1}})$ which is intended to model the near axis cooling effect of hydrothermal circulation (cf. Lavier and Buck, 2002). As implemented here, the higher diffusivity applies throughout the domain, rather than being localized at the ridge (as in Lavier and Buck, 2002). The parameters chosen here result in $\sim 10 \; \mathrm{km}$ lithosphere at the ridge axis, which is in the range identified for ODF development. Due to the difference in diffusivity values in the initial conditions $({10}^{-6} \; \mathrm{m^2 \, s^{-1}})$, and temperature evolution equation $(3 \times {10}^{-6})$, the thermal structure is not in steady state and some cooling of the off-axis lithosphere occurs.
Dumping dictionary during testing {'creator': {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-6837', 'givenName': 'Dan', 'familyName': 'Sandiford'}, 'slug': 'sandiford_2021_detachment_1', 'for_codes': [{'@id': '#FoR_3706', '@type': 'DefinedTerm', 'name': 'Geophysics'}], 'license': {'name': 'Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International', 'url': 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode'}, 'model_category': ['model published in study'], 'publication': {'@type': 'ScholarlyArticle', '@id': 'http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2021gc009681', 'name': 'Kinematics of Footwall Exhumation at Oceanic Detachment faults: Solid‐Block Rotation and Apparent Unbending', 'isPartOf': ({'@type': 'PublicationIssue', 'issueNumber': '4', 'datePublished': '2021-4', 'isPartOf': {'@type': ['PublicationVolume', 'Periodical'], 'name': ['Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems'], 'issn': ['1525-2027', '1525-2027'], 'volumeNumber': '22', 'publisher': 'American Geophysical Union (AGU)'}},), 'author': [{'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-6837', 'givenName': 'Dan', 'familyName': 'Sandiford', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia'}, {'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Centre Potsdam—German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4985-1810', 'givenName': 'Sascha', 'familyName': 'Brune', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Centre Potsdam—German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany'}, {'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Institute of Geosciences University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-1749', 'givenName': 'Anne', 'familyName': 'Glerum', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Centre Potsdam—German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-7203', 'givenName': 'John', 'familyName': 'Naliboff', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Department of Earth and Environmental Science New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro NM USA'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-3935', 'givenName': 'Joanne M.', 'familyName': 'Whittaker', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia'}]}], 'abstract': 'Seafloor spreading at slow rates can be accommodated on large‐offset oceanic detachment faults (ODFs), that exhume lower crustal and mantle rocks in footwall domes termed oceanic core complexes (OCCs). Footwall rocks experience large rotation during exhumation, yet important aspects of the kinematics—particularly the relative roles of solid‐block rotation and flexure—are not clearly understood. Using a high‐resolution numerical model, we explore the exhumation kinematics in the footwall beneath an emergent ODF/OCC. A key feature of the models is that footwall motion is dominated by solid‐block rotation, accommodated by the nonplanar, concave‐down fault interface. A consequence is that curvature measured along the ODF is representative of a neutral stress configuration, rather than a “bent” one. Instead, it is in the subsequent process of “apparent unbending” that significant flexural stresses are developed in the model footwall. The brittle strain associated with apparent unbending is produced dominantly in extension, beneath the OCC, consistent with earthquake clustering observed in the Trans‐Atlantic Geotraverse at the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge.', 'identifier': ['10.1029/2021GC009681'], 'funder': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Association'}]}, 'title': 'Kinematics of Footwall Exhumation at Oceanic Detachment faults: Solid‐Block Rotation and Apparent Unbending', 'description': 'Seafloor spreading at slow rates can be accommodated on large‐offset oceanic detachment faults (ODFs), that exhume lower crustal and mantle rocks in footwall domes termed oceanic core complexes (OCCs). Footwall rocks experience large rotation during exhumation, yet important aspects of the kinematics—particularly the relative roles of solid‐block rotation and flexure—are not clearly understood. Using a high‐resolution numerical model, we explore the exhumation kinematics in the footwall beneath an emergent ODF/OCC. A key feature of the models is that footwall motion is dominated by solid‐block rotation, accommodated by the nonplanar, concave‐down fault interface. A consequence is that curvature measured along the ODF is representative of a neutral stress configuration, rather than a “bent” one. Instead, it is in the subsequent process of “apparent unbending” that significant flexural stresses are developed in the model footwall. The brittle strain associated with apparent unbending is produced dominantly in extension, beneath the OCC, consistent with earthquake clustering observed in the Trans‐Atlantic Geotraverse at the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge.', 'authors': [{'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-6837', 'givenName': 'Dan', 'familyName': 'Sandiford', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia'}, {'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Centre Potsdam—German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4985-1810', 'givenName': 'Sascha', 'familyName': 'Brune', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Centre Potsdam—German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany'}, {'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Institute of Geosciences University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9481-1749', 'givenName': 'Anne', 'familyName': 'Glerum', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Helmholtz Centre Potsdam—German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-7203', 'givenName': 'John', 'familyName': 'Naliboff', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Department of Earth and Environmental Science New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro NM USA'}]}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': 'http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-3935', 'givenName': 'Joanne M.', 'familyName': 'Whittaker', 'affiliation': [{'@type': 'Organization', 'name': 'Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia'}]}], 'keywords': [], 'funder': [{'@type': 'Organization', '@id': 'https://ror.org/05mmh0f86', 'name': 'Australian Research Council'}], 'include_model_code': True, 'model_code_uri': 'https://github.com/dansand/odf_paper', 'include_model_output': True, 'software': {'@type': 'SoftwareApplication', '@id': 'https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131909', 'name': 'ASPECT v2.3.0', 'softwareVersion': 'v2.3.0', 'author': [{'@type': 'Person', '@id': '0000-0003-2311-9402', 'name': 'Wolfgang Bangerth', 'affiliation': 'Colorado State University'}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': '0000-0003-0357-7115', 'name': 'Juliane Dannberg', 'affiliation': 'University of Florida'}, {'@type': 'Person', 'name': 'Menno Fraters', 'affiliation': 'University of California, Davis'}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': '0000-0001-7098-8198', 'name': 'Rene Gassmoeller', 'affiliation': 'University of Florida'}, {'@type': 'Person', 'name': 'Anne Glerum', 'affiliation': 'Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, Germany'}, {'@type': 'Person', '@id': '0000-0002-8137-3903', 'name': 'Timo Heister', 'affiliation': 'Clemson University'}, {'@type': 'Person', 'name': 'John Naliboff', 'affiliation': 'New Mexico Tech'}], 'codeRepository': 'https://github.com/geodynamics/aspect'}, 'landing_image': {'filename': 'image.png', 'url': 'https://github.com/hvidy/PIPE-4002-EarthByte-ModelAtlas/assets/16135394/0d9f3503-7657-4ada-ac11-15faeec3d70c', 'caption': 'Here is a cool image of my model.'}, 'animation': {'filename': 'animation.mp4', 'url': 'https://github.com/hvidy/PIPE-4002-EarthByte-ModelAtlas/assets/16135394/c63487bd-4603-4dd7-85b9-64496b2a1e7d', 'caption': 'Here is a caption for my animation'}, 'model_setup_figure': {'filename': 'image.png', 'url': 'https://github.com/hvidy/PIPE-4002-EarthByte-ModelAtlas/assets/16135394/c7dc0b1e-9f7e-4cb4-a7c3-0e7663579c86', 'caption': 'Here is a caption for my model setup'}, 'model_setup_description': 'The domain is $400 \; \mathrm{km}$ wide and $100 \; \mathrm{km}$ deep, and includes five levels of mesh refinement, as shown in the figure. The model is initialised with a symmetric temperature structure, defined by a transient 1-D cooling profile, with an age of $0.5 \; \mathrm{Myr}$ in the center of the domain. The thermal profile ages outwardly in proportion to the applied spreading rate of $2 \; \mathrm{cm\,{yr}^{-1}}$ (full rate), which is representative for slow spreading ridges. Uniform inflow at the bottom boundary balances the outward flux of material at the side boundaries. The model has a true free surface, and a diffusion process is applied to the surface topography in order to counteract strong mesh deformation. A simplification here is that the effect of the water column is ignored, i.e. the detachment system is modeled as sub-aerial. There is no compositional differentiation in the model (i.e. no crust/mantle) and all parts of the domain are subject to the same constitutive model. The constitutive model incorporates viscous (dislocation creep), elastic and plastic (pseudo-brittle) deformation mechanisms, hereafter referred to as visco-elastic plastic (VEP) rheology, following the approach of Moresi et al. (2003). The advection-diffusion equation included an anomalously- high diffusivity $(3 \times {10}^{-6} \; \mathrm{m^2 \, s^{-1}})$ which is intended to model the near axis cooling effect of hydrothermal circulation (cf. Lavier and Buck, 2002). As implemented here, the higher diffusivity applies throughout the domain, rather than being localized at the ridge (as in Lavier and Buck, 2002). The parameters chosen here result in $\sim 10 \; \mathrm{km}$ lithosphere at the ridge axis, which is in the range identified for ODF development. Due to the difference in diffusivity values in the initial conditions $({10}^{-6} \; \mathrm{m^2 \, s^{-1}})$, and temperature evolution equation $(3 \times {10}^{-6})$, the thermal structure is not in steady state and some cooling of the off-axis lithosphere occurs.'}
hvidy
-> creator/contributor ORCID (or name)
0000-0002-2207-6837
-> slug
sandiford_2021_detachment
-> field of Research (FoR) Codes
3706
-> license
CC-BY-4.0
-> model category
model published in study
-> associated publication DOI
https://www.doi.org/10.1029/2021gc009681
-> title
No response
-> description
No response
-> model authors
No response
-> scientific keywords
No response
-> funder
https://ror.org/05mmh0f86
-> include model code ?
-> model code URI/DOI
https://github.com/dansand/odf_paper
-> include model output data?
-> model output URI/DOI
No response
-> software framework DOI/URI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131909
-> software framework source repository
https://github.com/geodynamics/aspect
-> name of primary software framework (e.g. Underworld, ASPECT, Badlands, OpenFOAM)
No response
-> software framework authors
No response
-> software & algorithm keywords
No response
-> computer URI/DOI
No response
-> add landing page image and caption
-> add an animation (if relevant)
https://github.com/hvidy/PIPE-4002-EarthByte-ModelAtlas/assets/16135394/c63487bd-4603-4dd7-85b9-64496b2a1e7d Here is a caption for my animation
-> add a graphic abstract figure (if relevant)
No response
-> add a model setup figure (if relevant)
-> add a description of your model setup
The domain is $400 \; \mathrm{km}$ wide and $100 \; \mathrm{km}$ deep, and includes five levels of mesh refinement, as shown in the figure. The model is initialised with a symmetric temperature structure, defined by a transient 1-D cooling profile, with an age of $0.5 \; \mathrm{Myr}$ in the center of the domain. The thermal profile ages outwardly in proportion to the applied spreading rate of $2 \; \mathrm{cm\,{yr}^{-1}}$ (full rate), which is representative for slow spreading ridges. Uniform inflow at the bottom boundary balances the outward flux of material at the side boundaries. The model has a true free surface, and a diffusion process is applied to the surface topography in order to counteract strong mesh deformation. A simplification here is that the effect of the water column is ignored, i.e. the detachment system is modeled as sub-aerial. There is no compositional differentiation in the model (i.e. no crust/mantle) and all parts of the domain are subject to the same constitutive model. The constitutive model incorporates viscous (dislocation creep), elastic and plastic (pseudo-brittle) deformation mechanisms, hereafter referred to as visco-elastic plastic (VEP) rheology, following the approach of Moresi et al. (2003). The advection-diffusion equation included an anomalously- high diffusivity $(3 \times {10}^{-6} \; \mathrm{m^2 \, s^{-1}})$ which is intended to model the near axis cooling effect of hydrothermal circulation (cf. Lavier and Buck, 2002). As implemented here, the higher diffusivity applies throughout the domain, rather than being localized at the ridge (as in Lavier and Buck, 2002). The parameters chosen here result in $\sim 10 \; \mathrm{km}$ lithosphere at the ridge axis, which is in the range identified for ODF development. Due to the difference in diffusivity values in the initial conditions $({10}^{-6} \; \mathrm{m^2 \, s^{-1}})$, and temperature evolution equation $(3 \times {10}^{-6})$, the thermal structure is not in steady state and some cooling of the off-axis lithosphere occurs.