Support Python 3.12

[btjanaka]

Description

This PR tracks official support for Python 3.12 as 3.12 was just released. We upgrade the test CI's Python version and add a tag in setup.py. This PR took a while as we were waiting for Numba to support Python 3.12 -- the latest release (0.59.0) supports Python 3.12.

Status

• [x] I have read the guidelines in CONTRIBUTING.md
• [x] I have formatted my code using yapf
• [x] I have tested my code by running pytest
• [x] I have linted my code with pylint
• [x] I have added a one-line description of my change to the changelog in HISTORY.md
• [x] This PR is ready to go

[btjanaka]

It appears Python 3.12 is currently not working since numba will need a bit of time to support 3.12 (https://github.com/numba/numba/issues/9197). We can come back to this in a few weeks.