fix: skip retrying on some errors

[vlastahajek]

Proposed Changes

Skip retrying on specific write errors (mostly partial write errors). Inspired by Telegraf's InfluxDB output

Checklist

• [X] CHANGELOG.md updated
• [X] Rebased/mergeable
• [X] A test has been added if appropriate
• [X] Tests pass
• [X] Commit messages are in semantic format