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Problems with definition of "image" #121

Open zhengj2007 opened 9 years ago

zhengj2007 commented 9 years ago

From alanruttenberg@gmail.com on September 19, 2011 23:57:42

Raised in a discussion relating to IAO at the UB Applied Ontology meeting, by Barry Smith.

On Mon, Sep 19, 2011 at 6:01 PM, Barry Smith phismith@buffalo.edu wrote:

This breaks multiple rules

definition "An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface."@en

It is not Aristotelian It uses terms far more complex than the term to be defined

Fair criticisms. I will certainly change the label to be more specific. I do think the type captures an important class of information content entity, so the tasks are to:

a) Find a better label for this class

b) See whether we can come up with a definition that corresponds better to the common meaning of "image" as it would be used in the information sense (I'm not sure your shadow qualifies, but I am thinking about it).

c) Consider whether the definition can be simplified. Given the choice of being clear and "good enough to be wrong" and using simpler terms (some issues here - I might challenge you to define a "simpler than" comparison that can operate across terms as different than these) I would err on the side of being clear as to what instances the term denotes.

I will add an issue to our issues list to record this after I hit send.

-Alan

Original issue: http://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=121

zhengj2007 commented 9 years ago

From alanruttenberg@gmail.com on September 20, 2011 12:03:19

On Tue, Sep 20, 2011 at 11:09 AM, Bjoern Peters bpeters@liai.org wrote:

There may be different uses for image. The original definition was meant to capture the kind of data produced by 'imaging' techniques' such as photography, x-ray machines, electron microscopy.

Which the current definition handles quite well.

How about:

'physical 2D-image'=def: 'a data item that consists of a 2-dimensional representation of the spatial arrangement of one or more material entities and one or more of its inherent qualities'

This is a much broader term. It includes paintings, for instance. Is that your intention? It would also include encrypted images (which display as snow). There is a lot buried in the "representation" word there - precisely what you consider to be adequate to qualify as a representation is not, I think, currently in IAO. In addition, there is no need that an image is of one or more material entities - it can be a visualization of only qualities.

Based on what I've heard so far, my priority is on getting an appropriate label for the class we have, which I will consider to have an adequate definition until there is a viable alternative. I will note that it does not include nonlinear transformations such as what one might see in a google captcha, nor nonlinear projections such as one in which polar coordinates are layed out on a rectangular grid. I am content with the former. The latter might require some thought as to whether to broaden our term or to define a more general term.

To map out the larger "image" term is a big job, I think, but would be aided by the creation of a list of exemplars that help delineate the scope.

ps. Please respond to issue reports by adding comments to the issue on the issues list so we can more easily track them.

-Alan

  • Bjoern

Do you mean that we should think about defining 'image' through reference to perception?

Janna

On Tue, Sep 20, 2011 at 3:27 PM, Barry Smith phismith@buffalo.edu wrote:

I think the solution is to have image defined in the MFO (Mental Functioning Ontology), and then use that definition as a starting point for IAO 'digital image artifact'

On Mon, Sep 19, 2011 at 11:58 PM, information-artifact-ontology@googlecode.com wrote:

Status: Accepted Owner: alanruttenberg Labels: Type-Defect Priority-Medium

New issue #121 by alanruttenberg: Problems with definition of "image"

https://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=121 >>> Raised in a discussion relating to IAO at the UB Applied Ontology meeting, by Barry Smith.

On Mon, Sep 19, 2011 at 6:01 PM, Barry Smith phismith@buffalo.edu wrote:

This breaks multiple rules

definition "An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface."@en

It is not Aristotelian It uses terms far more complex than the term to be defined

Fair criticisms. I will certainly change the label to be more specific. I do think the type captures an important class of information content entity, so the tasks are to:

a) Find a better label for this class

b) See whether we can come up with a definition that corresponds better to the common meaning of "image" as it would be used in the information sense (I'm not sure your shadow qualifies, but I am thinking about it).

c) Consider whether the definition can be simplified. Given the choice of being clear and "good enough to be wrong" and using simpler terms (some issues here - I might challenge you to define a "simpler than" comparison that can operate across terms as different than these) I would err on the side of being clear as to what instances the term denotes.

I will add an issue to our issues list to record this after I hit send.

-Alan

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zhengj2007 commented 9 years ago

From bjoern.p...@gmail.com on September 20, 2011 20:43:47

Comment #1 on issue #121 by alanruttenberg: Problems with definition of "image" https://code.google.com/p/information-artifact-ontology/issues/detail?id=121 > On Tue, Sep 20, 2011 at 11:09 AM, Bjoern Peters bpeters@liai.org wrote:

There may be different uses for image. The original definition was meant to capture the kind of data produced by 'imaging' techniques' such as photography, x-ray machines, electron microscopy.

Which the current definition handles quite well.

Maybe. But I had to google to remind myself what an 'affine projection' is. I am not convinced that the definition applies to e.g a photographic image of a person (what measurement is being repeated in that case? + I don't think 3d -> 2d is an affine projection).

How about:

'physical 2D-image'=def: 'a data item that consists of a 2-dimensional representation of the spatial arrangement of one or more material entities and one or more of its inherent qualities'

This is a much broader term. It includes paintings, for instance. Is that your intention? It would also include encrypted images (which display as snow). There is a lot buried in the "representation" word there - precisely what you consider to be adequate to qualify as a representation is not, I think, currently in IAO.

You are right that 'representation' is not defined, and that the whole definition hinges on it, so I agree this would need work.

In addition, there is no need that an image is of one or more material entities - it can be a visualization of only qualities.

What would those qualities inhere in? I could not think of an example where there was not a material entity being depicted (if indirectly). I thought your definition did the same thing.

Based on what I've heard so far, my priority is on getting an appropriate label for the class we have, which I will consider to have an adequate definition until there is a viable alternative.

Another attempt for a label: "recorded 2D image" Another attempt at a definition, not polished, but I believe improved:

'a data item that consists of a 2-dimensional arrangement of color and luminescence obtained in a manner that the arrangement corresponds to the spatial arrangement of entities and their qualities which the data item is about.'

zhengj2007 commented 9 years ago

From bjoern.p...@gmail.com on September 21, 2011 07:13:18

A picture of a triangle as found in a geometry book would not be considered to be an instance of this class, as it is not recorded / measured. I am updating my proposed definition to make this clearer:

Proposed def 3: 'a data item that consists of a 2-dimensional arrangement of color and luminescence obtained in a measurement process so that the arrangement corresponds to the spatial organization of entities and their qualities which the data item is about.'