I am using the IAO in my work to build a small ontology to support my libraries of composable anatomical graphics. Some examples of craniofacial graphics are at https://endlessforms.info/cfac. I have run into a problem in the placement of classes in myclass hierarchy to describe the purposes of lines within my line drawings and characteristics of the graphics.
Here is a draft of part of my hierarchy, showing the position of "line mark":
generically dependent continuanthttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031
-information content entityhttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030
--figurehttp://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000308
---graphic Def: A figure that is a pictorial model of a referent. The referent may be an object of the real world, object of the mind, or a combination of these. A graphic is composed of graphical marks.
----2D graphic Def: A graphic for which all marks are positioned using a two-dimensional (planar) coordinate system.
----3D graphic Def: A graphic for which marks are positioned using a three-dimensional (volumetric) coordinate system.
--graphical mark Def: An information content entity that is a fundamental unit of representation within a graphic. A composition of graphic marks constitutes a graphic.
---point mark Def: A graphical mark rendered within a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system that evokes the recognition of a zero-dimensional point.
---line mark Def: A graphical mark rendered within a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system that evokes the recognition of a one-dimensional line.
---region mark Def: A graphical mark rendered within a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system that evokes the recognition of a two-dimensional surface or three-dimensional volume.
I am encountering problems in modeling the roles (or purposes, functions) of line marks. My problem is that "role" and "function" in the IAO are used to describe a role/function of independent continuants (through the "has role" and "has function" object properties)— but the line marks I am describing are generically dependent continuants. (Please correct me if I am wrong).
Here is a draft of part of my hierarchy for these "roles" of line marks:
line mark role Def: A role that is a representational purpose performed by a line mark within a graphic.
-form line Def: A line mark role that depicts the form or part of the form of a referent object.
--occluding contour line Def: A form line that delimits regions of surfaces visible to the viewer from regions of surfaces hidden to the viewer. May coincide with the sharp edges (ridges) of the referent object. Synonym: silhouette line, edge line.
--cross-contour line Def: A form line that depicts the topology of a surface of a referent object by representing the intersection of the surface with an in invisible plane. Synonym: cross-section line.
--crease line Def: A line mark role that represents locally maximal changes in surface orientation of the referent object.
---ridge line Def: A crease line that represents positive curvature of the surface. Synonym: crest line
---valley line Def: A crease line that represents negative curvature of the surface.
--line of discontinuity Def: A line mark role that represents a discontinuity which appears as a line on the surface of the referent object.
---line of discontinuity of plane of surface Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity in a plane of a surface of the referent, such as a crack or where surfaces of two objects or parts abut.
---line of discontinuity of color Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity in the color of the surface of the referent.
---line of discontinuity of texture Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity in the texture of the surface of the referent.
---line of discontinuity of light Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity of light on the surface of the referent or in its background.
Notice that a line mark may have more than one "role":
I also need to describe the view depicted by the graphics. It seems this should be a quality of the graphic, but again this does not seem to fit with IAO, because a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that relates to an independent continuant (and the graphics are generically dependent continuants).
figure quality
-view Def: A figure quality that describes the positional relation between the viewer and the referent object as depicted in the figure.
--anatomical view
---anterior view
---posterior view
--- superior view
--- inferior view
---lateral view
----right lateral view
----left lateral view
--orthographic view
---top view
---bottom view
---front view
---back view
---side view
----left side view
----right side view
Here is an analogy to my problem in the context of textual documents:
Suppose that a book exists in digital form. The purpose of the first paragraph of the first chapter is to provide an introduction, and that paragraph comprises 122 words. The purpose of the last paragraph of that chapter is to provide a summary that reviews the chapter, and that paragraph comprises 188 words. Would that information be modeled as a roles and qualities of a specifically dependent continuant (which IAO is designed to accommodate)? Or can that be modeled completely within the realm of a generically dependent continuant (which is the class of the digital book itself — and seems a better fit)?
I would appreciate guidance in positioning these classes I am creating within the IAO. (Or correcting any of my misunderstandings.)
In addition, I will need to create statements that link the graphics to anatomical entities in the real world by referring to classes defined by anatomical ontologies. From visual communication theory, I would expect the triple to take the form
representation -- represents -- referent. I see that IAO does not have "represents" as an object property. There is "denotes", but I am unclear if this is appropriate for my purposes.
I am using the IAO in my work to build a small ontology to support my libraries of composable anatomical graphics. Some examples of craniofacial graphics are at https://endlessforms.info/cfac. I have run into a problem in the placement of classes in myclass hierarchy to describe the purposes of lines within my line drawings and characteristics of the graphics.
Here is a draft of part of my hierarchy, showing the position of "line mark":
generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 -information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 --figure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000308 ---graphic Def: A figure that is a pictorial model of a referent. The referent may be an object of the real world, object of the mind, or a combination of these. A graphic is composed of graphical marks. ----2D graphic Def: A graphic for which all marks are positioned using a two-dimensional (planar) coordinate system. ----3D graphic Def: A graphic for which marks are positioned using a three-dimensional (volumetric) coordinate system. --graphical mark Def: An information content entity that is a fundamental unit of representation within a graphic. A composition of graphic marks constitutes a graphic. ---point mark Def: A graphical mark rendered within a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system that evokes the recognition of a zero-dimensional point. ---line mark Def: A graphical mark rendered within a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system that evokes the recognition of a one-dimensional line. ---region mark Def: A graphical mark rendered within a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system that evokes the recognition of a two-dimensional surface or three-dimensional volume.
I am encountering problems in modeling the roles (or purposes, functions) of line marks. My problem is that "role" and "function" in the IAO are used to describe a role/function of independent continuants (through the "has role" and "has function" object properties)— but the line marks I am describing are generically dependent continuants. (Please correct me if I am wrong).
Here is a draft of part of my hierarchy for these "roles" of line marks:
line mark role Def: A role that is a representational purpose performed by a line mark within a graphic. -form line Def: A line mark role that depicts the form or part of the form of a referent object. --occluding contour line Def: A form line that delimits regions of surfaces visible to the viewer from regions of surfaces hidden to the viewer. May coincide with the sharp edges (ridges) of the referent object. Synonym: silhouette line, edge line. --cross-contour line Def: A form line that depicts the topology of a surface of a referent object by representing the intersection of the surface with an in invisible plane. Synonym: cross-section line. --crease line Def: A line mark role that represents locally maximal changes in surface orientation of the referent object. ---ridge line Def: A crease line that represents positive curvature of the surface. Synonym: crest line ---valley line Def: A crease line that represents negative curvature of the surface.
--line of discontinuity Def: A line mark role that represents a discontinuity which appears as a line on the surface of the referent object. ---line of discontinuity of plane of surface Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity in a plane of a surface of the referent, such as a crack or where surfaces of two objects or parts abut. ---line of discontinuity of color Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity in the color of the surface of the referent. ---line of discontinuity of texture Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity in the texture of the surface of the referent. ---line of discontinuity of light Def: A line of discontinuity that represents a discontinuity of light on the surface of the referent or in its background.
Notice that a line mark may have more than one "role":
semantic line example.pdf
I also need to describe the view depicted by the graphics. It seems this should be a quality of the graphic, but again this does not seem to fit with IAO, because a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that relates to an independent continuant (and the graphics are generically dependent continuants).
figure quality -view Def: A figure quality that describes the positional relation between the viewer and the referent object as depicted in the figure. --anatomical view
---anterior view
---posterior view
--- superior view
--- inferior view
---lateral view ----right lateral view
----left lateral view --orthographic view ---top view ---bottom view ---front view ---back view ---side view ----left side view ----right side view
Here is an analogy to my problem in the context of textual documents:
Suppose that a book exists in digital form. The purpose of the first paragraph of the first chapter is to provide an introduction, and that paragraph comprises 122 words. The purpose of the last paragraph of that chapter is to provide a summary that reviews the chapter, and that paragraph comprises 188 words. Would that information be modeled as a roles and qualities of a specifically dependent continuant (which IAO is designed to accommodate)? Or can that be modeled completely within the realm of a generically dependent continuant (which is the class of the digital book itself — and seems a better fit)?
I would appreciate guidance in positioning these classes I am creating within the IAO. (Or correcting any of my misunderstandings.)
In addition, I will need to create statements that link the graphics to anatomical entities in the real world by referring to classes defined by anatomical ontologies. From visual communication theory, I would expect the triple to take the form representation -- represents -- referent. I see that IAO does not have "represents" as an object property. There is "denotes", but I am unclear if this is appropriate for my purposes.