Error with dynamically imported functions.

[tobiasraabe]

Hi!

I have a package called pytask, which behaves almost like pytest in that it dynamically collects tasks (task and not test functions) from modules and executes them.

Then, there is also pytask-parallel (similar to pytest-xdist) that provides multiple backends to parallelize the execution of tasks, and one is loky. When executing tasks in parallel, I get an error with loky.

Here is a minimal example with a task_example.py which defines the task function and in main.py you find the runner that dynamically imports the function and executes it with loky.

# Content of task_example.py.
def task_example(): pass

# Content of main.py
from pathlib import Path
import sys
from types import ModuleType
import importlib.util

from loky import get_reusable_executor

def import_path(path: Path) -> ModuleType:
    module_name = path.name

    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module_name, str(path))

    if spec is None:
        raise ImportError(f"Can't find module {module_name!r} at location {path}.")

    mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)

    # Comment the line out to make the submitted task succeed.
    sys.modules[module_name] = mod

    spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
    return mod

if __name__ == "__main__":
    module = import_path(Path("task_example.py"))

    function = module.task_example

    executor = get_reusable_executor(max_workers=2, timeout=2)
    res = executor.submit(function)

    print(res.exception())
    print(res.exception().__cause__)

If you run python main.py, you see the following output.

``` A task has failed to un-serialize. Please ensure that the arguments of the function are all picklable. """ Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/tobia/mambaforge/envs/pytask-parallel/lib/python3.11/site-packages/loky/process_executor.py", line 426, in _process_worker call_item = call_queue.get(block=True, timeout=timeout) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/home/tobia/mambaforge/envs/pytask-parallel/lib/python3.11/multiprocessing/queues.py", line 122, in get return _ForkingPickler.loads(res) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'task_example.py'; 'task_example' is not a package """ ```

Interestingly, this error does not occur if you comment out the line with sys.modules[module_name] = mod.

But, this line is necessary since you otherwise see errors with dataclasses: https://github.com/pytask-dev/pytask/pull/373.

Using another backend like concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor does not lead to this error.

I hope you have more insights into why this error is happening. If you need more info, I am happy to give it to you.

Thanks for looking into this issue! 🙏

[ogrisel]

Loky uses cloudpickle under the hood to make it possible to call parallel execution on interactively or locally defined functions / class methods.

So investigating the root cause would probably involve in setting a break point somewhere appropriate in cloudpickle to find out what's wrong here.

[tobiasraabe]

This example contains an error and does not reproduce the problem I am facing. I will come back if I manage to replicate it. Thanks for your time 🙏.