[python]: Update sphinx requirement from ~=7.0 to ~=7.3

[dependabot[bot]]

Updates the requirements on sphinx to permit the latest version.

Release notes

Sourced from sphinx's releases.

Sphinx 7.3.7

Changelog: https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/changes.html

Changelog

Sourced from sphinx's changelog.

Release 7.3.7 (released Apr 19, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• #12299: Defer loading themes defined via entry points until their explicit use by the user or a child theme. Patch by Adam Turner.
• #12305: Return the default value for theme.get_config() with an unsupported theme configuration section. Patch by Adam Turner.

Release 7.3.6 (released Apr 17, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• #12295: Re-export all AST types in the C and C++ domains. Patch by Adam Turner.
• #12295: Re-export various objects from sphinx.domains.python._annotations in sphinx.domains.python. Patch by Jacob Chesslo and Adam Turner.

Release 7.3.5 (released Apr 17, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• #12295: Re-export various objects from sphinx.domains.python._object in sphinx.domains.python. Patch by Jacob Chesslo and Adam Turner.

Release 7.3.4 (released Apr 17, 2024)

Bugs fixed

• Handle cases when Any is not an instance of type. Patch by Adam Turner.

Release 7.3.3 (released Apr 17, 2024)

Bugs fixed

... (truncated)

Commits

• de4ac2f Bump to 7.3.7 final
• 4a0c9dd Return the default value for unsupported theme configuration sections
• 62c3bad Re-export py_sig_re from the Python domain
• 3bcc669 Defer loading entry-point themes until needed
• fa4563f Bump version
• 630b4fb Bump to 7.3.6 final
• 740b964 fixup! Elaborate a little more in the warning message for config.cache
• 141f3ec Elaborate a little more in the warning message for config.cache
• af27188 Add config.cache to the list of warning types
• be2b083 Re-export more names in sphinx.domains.python (#12297)
• Additional commits viewable in compare view

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[codecov[bot]]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests :white_check_mark:

Project coverage is 97.24%. Comparing base (bbc0bb1) to head (cc5fae2).

Additional details and impacted files

```diff @@ Coverage Diff @@ ## master #14 +/- ## ======================================= Coverage 97.24% 97.24% ======================================= Files 7 7 Lines 363 363 Branches 100 100 ======================================= Hits 353 353 Misses 5 5 Partials 5 5 ```

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