Power Management

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Battery System:

• The system will use eight AA-sized NiMH rechargeable batteries (1.2V each) for a total voltage of 9.6V. These batteries will power the motors directly through the H-Bridge circuits.
• Ensure the battery connector is compatible with an 8-bay NiMH battery holder.

  Voltage Regulation:

• Use a low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator to step down the battery voltage (9.6V) to 5V for powering the microcontroller and sensors. A linear regulator like the LM7805 could be used, but for better efficiency, especially considering battery-powered operation, a switching regulator (buck converter) is recommended.
• To ensure clean power for sensitive analog circuits (such as the sensor array and MCU), use filtering capacitors (e.g., 10µF electrolytic and 100nF ceramic) on the output of the regulator to reduce noise.
• Place an appropriate decoupling capacitor (e.g., 100nF) near the analog input pins to stabilize the analog readings from the sensor array.

[katzgo]

Battery TBD https://www.digikey.com.mx/es/products/filter/bater%C3%ADas-recargables-secundarias/91?s=N4IgjCBcoMwExVAYygMwIYBsDOBTANCAPZQDaIMADAGwAc8IAuoQA4AuUIAymwE4CWAOwDmIAL6E4lAOwBORCBSQMOAsTLgAdHAAEANSasOkEAFVB-NgHlUAWVzpsAV165xEkAkjkLAWwAWOgBG6GxsuAK42ExiQA Se seleccionará tomando en cuenta el consumo de la placa, por lo pronto se puede seleccionar el casing.

[katzgo]

El DC DC converter se eligió tomando en cuenta el voltaje de entrada de 9.2 V y el de salida de 5 V. Además dejamos espacio para el amperaje, teniendo un límite de 1 A (a validar en pruebas si no es necesario más). Este convertidor tiene varias opciones de empaquetado, pero la C se ve bastante útil.

Datasheet

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Recursos

Fuente de poder

Filtros

Para revisar la teoría sobre los filtros, el siguiente recurso se ve bien. https://www.ohioelectronicstextbook.org/ide-electronics-37-filtered_and_regulated_power_supplies.html

[katzgo]

How to Choose the Right Protection for Your Circuit https://www.analog.com/en/resources/analog-dialogue/raqs/raq-issue-187.html